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| 1 | Ecological effects of co-culturing the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus with the Chinese white shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis in an earthen pond显示文摘Using net enclosures in an earthen pond, we established three culture treatments with the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus and the Chinese white shrimp Fenneropenaeus chinensis : monoculture of sea cucumbers(C), monoculture of shrimp(S), and co-culture of the two species(CS). We measured levels of suspended particulate matter in the water column; total organic matter, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and carbon/nitrogen ratios in both settling particles and the sediment; and chlorophyll a levels in the sediment. We then compared these variables between the three treatments. We also examined growth, survival, and yield of the two species in the different treatments. From June to September, the mean monthly suspended particulate matter sedimentation rates in the CS and S treatments were significantly( P <0.05) greater than those in the C treatment. From August to November, the mean monthly total organic matter, total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and chlorophyll a contents in the sediment in the CS and S treatments were significantly( P <0.05) greater than those in the C treatment. Final wet weight, specific growth rate, survival rate, and total yield of sea cucumbers in co-culture were all significantly greater than those of sea cucumbers in monoculture. There were no significant differences among any of these variables for shrimp reared in the two systems. The bioturbation of the sediment and fecal production of the shrimp likely supplied natural food for the sea cucumbers. Co-culture of the two species is a viable option for increasing yield per unit area, maximizing use of the water body, and diversifying crop production. | 周顺 任贻超 Christopher M.PEARCE 董双林 田相利 高勤峰 王芳 | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology2017，35，1： | 1 |
| 2 | Neural systems underlying episodic memory:insights from animal research显示文摘 | John P.Aggleton John M.Pearce | | 0，，1413： | 1 |
| 3 | Virtualization:Issues,security threats,and solutions显示文摘 | M.Pearce M.Zeadally R.Hunt | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 4 | Effects of nutrition on larval growth and survival in bivalves显示文摘 | RobertMarshall ScottMcKinley Christopher M.Pearce | 2010 | Reviews in Aquaculture2010，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Cost-Effectiveness of Interventions for Alternate Food to Address Agricultural Catastrophes Globally显示文摘The literature suggests there is about a 1 % risk per year of a 10 % global agricultural shortfall due to catastrophes such as a large volcanic eruption, a medium asteroid or comet impact, regional nuclear war, abrupt climate change, and extreme weather causing multiple breadbasket failures. This shortfall has an expected mortality of about 500 million people. To prevent such mass starvation, alternate foods can be deployed that utilize stored biomass. This study developed a model with literature values for variables and, where no values existed,used large error bounds to recognize uncertainty. Then Monte Carlo analysis was performed on three interventions: planning, research, and development. The results show that even the upper bound of USD 400 per life saved by these interventions is far lower than what is typically paid to save a life in a less-developed country. Furthermore, every day of delay on the implementation of these interventions costs 100–40,000 expected lives(number of lives saved multiplied by the probability that alternate foods would be required). These interventions plus training would save 1–300 million expected lives. In general, these solutions would reduce the possibility of civilization collapse, could assist in providing food outside of catastrophic situations, and would result in billions of dollars per year of return. | David C.Denkenberger Joshua M.Pearce | 2016 | International Journal of Disaster Risk Science2016，7，3： | 0 |
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