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| 1 | Abortifacient Potential of Aqueous Extract of Senna alata Leaves in Rats显示文摘Objective To study the abortifacient activity of aqueous extract of Senna alata leaves in female Wistar rats.Methods Pregnant rats weighing 143.65 ± 13.11 g were completely randomized into 5 groups(A-E).Rats in group A(negative control) were orally administered,once daily with 0.5 ml of distilled water on days 10-18 post-coitum while those in groups B,C,D,and E were treated exactly like the negative control except they received the same volume containing 2.85 mg/kg body weight of mifepristone(group B,reference drug),250,500 and 1 000 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively(groups C-E).Results Phytochemical screening of the extract showed positive results for saponins(1.22%),flavonoids(1.06%),cardiac glycosides(0.20%),cardenolides and dienolides(0.18%),phenolics(0.44%) and alkaloids(0.52%).Respiratory distress,salivation,diarrhoea,changes in the appearance of hair as well as maternal mortality were not observed at any time during the exposure period except in the mifepristone-treated animals where there was episode of diarrhoea and tiredness.The extract significantly reduced(P<0.05) the number of life foetus,weight and survival ratio of the foetus,numbers of implantations and Corpora lutea,implantation index,progesterone,prolactin,estradiol,follicle stimulating and luteinizing hormones whereas the number of dead foetus,number and percentage of rats that aborted,percentage vaginal opening,resorption index,pre-and post-implantation losses increased significantly.In addition,mifepristone-treated animals produced resorption index that compared well with the distilled water control.There was also no dead or life foetus and serum progesterone concentration was increased in the animals treated with mifepristone.All cases of abortion were accompanied with vaginal bleeding.Although,the final weight of the rats increased significantly,the feed and water intake were not significantly altered in all the treatment groups.The weight of the uterus,uterine-body weight ratio,length of the right uterus horn and uterine cholesterol decreased significantly in all the treatment groups.The uterine alkaline phosphatase activity and glucose concentration increased in only the extract-treated animals whereas mifepristone decreased the uterine alkaline phosphatase activity and glucose content of the animals.Conclusion This study has provided evidence to the age-long claim of S.alata leaves in 'washing the uterus'.The abortifacient properties were most pronounced at 500 and 1 000 mg/kg body weight of the extract and were similar to the animals treated with 2.85 mg/kg body weight of mifepristone.Hormonal influence,changes in implantation site,estrogenicity and uterogenicity are suggested as possible mechanism of abortifacient activity of aqueous extract of S.alata leaves.Overall,the extract may be used as an abortifacient especially at 500 and 1 000 mg/kg body weight and therefore not safe for consumption as oral remedy during pregnancy. | Yakubu MT Adeshina AO Oladiji AT Akanji MA Oloyede OB Jimoh GA Olatinwo AWO Afolayan AJ | 2010 | Journal of Reproduction and Contraception2010，21，3： | 2 |
| 2 | The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale:initial testing of a clinician-rated scale of tic severity显示文摘 | Leckman JF Riddle MA Hardin MT | 1989 | J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry1989，28，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Complete genomes of two clinical Staphylococcus aureus strains:evidence for the rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance显示文摘 | Holden MT Feil EJ Lindsay JA Peacock SJ Day NP Enright MC Foster TJ Moore CE Hurst L Atkin R Barron A Bason N Bentley SD Chillingworth C Chillingworth T Churcher C Clark L Corton C Cronin A Doggett J Dowd L Feltwell T Hance Z Harris B Hauser H Holroyd S Jagels K James KD Lennard N Line A Mayes R Moule S Mungall K Ormond D Quail MA Rabbinowitsch E Rutherford K Sanders M Sharp S Simmonds M Stevens K Whitehead S Barrell BG Spratt BG Parkhill J | 2004 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA2004，101，26： | 1 |
| 4 | The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale: initial testing of a clini- cian-rated scale of tic severity 显示文摘 | Leckman JK Riddle MA Hardin MT | 1989 | J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry1989，28，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Breakfast frequency and quality in theetiology of adult obesity and chronic diseases显示文摘 | TIMLIN MT PEREIRA MA | 2007 | Nutr Rev2007，65，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Cell-based tissueengineered allogeneic implant for cartilage repair 显示文摘 | Peretti GM Randolph MA Villa MT | 2000 | Tissue Eng2000，6，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Renal resistive indexes : variability in Doppler US measurement in a healthy pop- ulation显示文摘 | Keogan MT Kliewer MA Hertzberg BS | 1996 | Radiology1996，199，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Determination of biofilm production by Candida tropiealis isolated from hospitalized patients and its relation to cellular surface hydrophobicity, plastic adherence and filamentation ability 显示文摘 | Gal6n-Ladero MA Blanco - Blanco MT Hurtado C | 2013 | Yeast(Chichester England)2013，30，9： | 1 |
| 9 | A clinical pharmacological study of the potential beneficial effects of a propolis food product as an adjuvant in asthmatic patients显示文摘 | EI-Ghazaly MA EI-Khatib AS | 2003 | Clinical Pharmacology2003，17，： | 1 |
| 10 | Trends in vascular complications after diagnostic cardiac catheterization and percutaneous coronary intervention via the femoral artery, 1998 to 2007显示文摘 | Applegate R J Saerinty MT Kutcher MA | 2008 | JACC Cardiovase Interv2008，1，： | 1 |
| 11 | MiR-487a resensi- tizes mitoxantrone (MX)-resistant breast cancer cells (MCF-7/MX) to MX by targeting breast canc- er resistance protein (BCRP/ABCG2) 显示文摘 | Ma MT He M Wang Y | 2013 | Cancer Lett2013，339，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Prevalence, predictors, and in-hospital outcomes of non-infarct artery intervention during primary percntaneous coronary intervention for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (from the National Cardiovascular Data Registry) 显示文摘 | Cavender MA Milford-Beland S Roe MT | 2009 | Am J Cardiol2009，104，： | 1 |
| 13 | Inhibitory effects of dietary Curcumin on forestomach, duodenal, and colon carcinogenesis in mice 显示文摘 | Huang MT Lou YR Ma W | 1994 | Cancer Res1994，54，22： | 1 |
| 14 | Heterogeneous photocatalysis 显示文摘 | Fox MA Dulay MT | 1993 | Chem Rev1993，93，1： | 1 |
| 15 | The association of factor V leiden and prothrombin gene mutation and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications:a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies显示文摘 | Rodger MA Betancourt MT Clark P | 2010 | PLoS Med2010，7，10： | 1 |
| 16 | The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale:initial testing of a clinician-rated scale of tic severity显示文摘 | Leckman JF Riddle MA Hardin MT | 1989 | J Am Acad child Adolesc Psychiatry1989，28，4： | 1 |
| 17 | The Yale Global Tic Severity Scate:initial testing of a clinician rated scale of tic severity显示文摘 | Leekman JF Riddle MA Hardin MT | 1989 | J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry1989，28，4： | 1 |
| 18 | The Yale Global Tic Severity Scale: initial testing of a clinician-rated scale of tic severity 显示文摘 | Leckman JF Riddle MA Hardin MT | 1989 | J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry1989，28，4： | 1 |
| 19 | The Yale Global Tic Se- verity Scale: initial testing of a clinician- rated scale of tic severity 显示文摘 | Leckman JF Riddle MA Hardin MT | 1989 | J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry1989，28，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Magnetic resonance imaging of intervertebral disk disease: clinical and pulse sequence considerations显示文摘 | Modic MT Pavlicek W Weinstein MA | 1984 | Radiology1984，152，： | 1 |
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