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| 1 | Economic reform, open-door policy and changes in spatial development patterns in China显示文摘The study profiles and explains the significant changes that have taken place in China’s spatial development patterns since the inception of its economic reform and opening two decades ago. Principal component analysis is used to delineate spatial patterns. The analyses show that prior to the reform China’s spatial development pattern was characterized by the dominance of the three municipalities and the Northeast, as well as by both the coast-interior and the north-south disparities. Northern provinces were generally more industrialized and economically powerful than the southern ones. After two decades of reform, regional development has become multi-centered with South China, the Yangtze Delta and the Beijing-Tianjin area being the three most important regions of the country. The coastal provinces as a whole rose to prominence on China’s economic map while the Northeast has diminished its clout. The coast-interior gap not only remains but may have widened. The north-south disparity also still exists but there has been a role reversal with the south now in the lead position. Virtually all inland provinces now find themselves at or near the low end of the development spectrum. We argue that the major reason for the recent shifts in Chinese space economy is the spatially differentiated economic growth resulted from the reform and open door policy and from the new, uneven development strategy adopted by the Chinese government. The paper discusses four specific factors that have reshaped China’s spatial development patterns. | WANG Enru1, LU Xiang-xing2 (1.Department of Geography University of Washington Smith Hall, Box 353550 Seattle, WA 98195, USA 2. Department of Geography Kansas State University Manhattan, KS 66506, USA) | 2000 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2000，10，4： | 1 |
| 2 | Combination Antiretroviral Strategies for the Treatment of Pregnant HIV-1-Infected Women and Prevention of Perinatal HIV-1 Transmission显示文摘 | Ellen R. Cooper Manhattan Charurat Lynne Mofenson Celine I. Hanson Jane Pitt Clemente Diaz Karen Hayani Edward Handelsman Vincent Smeriglio Rodney Hoff William Blattner | 2002 | JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes2002，，5： | 1 |
| 3 | Reference Values of CD4 T lymphocytes in human immunodeficiency virus-negative adult Nigerians显示文摘 | Olumuyiwa A Jelpe D Manhattan C | 2005 | Clinical and Diagnostic laboratory Immunology2005，12，： | 1 |
| 4 | Small Solutions of the Congruence a_1x_1~2+a_2x_2~2+a_3x_3~2+a_4x_4~2≡c(mod p) | Todd Cochrane (Department of Mathematics,Kansas State University,Manhattan,KS 66506.U.S.A)(Email:cochrane@math.ksu.edu)Zheng Zhiyong (Department of Mathematics,Zhongshan University,Guangzhou 510275,China)(Email:addsr03@zsulink.zsu.edu.en) | 1998 | Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series1998，14，2： | 0 |
| 5 | Assessment of compost and three biochars associated with Ailanthus altissima(Miller)Swingle for lead and arsenic stabilization in a post-mining Technosol显示文摘The elevated presence of metal(loid)s in the environment significantly impacts ecosystems and human health and is generally largely due to industrial and mining activities.Thus,in the current study,we investigated and proposed an environmentally friendly method(phytomanagement)aimed at reducing the negative impacts associated with metal(loid)pollution through the use of soil amendments(biochar and compost)to permit Ailanthus altissima growth on a highly contaminated mining Technosol,with arsenic(As)and lead(Pb)contents of 539.06 and 11453 mg kg^(-1),respectively.The objective was to examine the impacts of three biochars and compost on i)the physicochemical characteristics of soil,ii)metal(loid)immobilization in soil,and iii)A.altissima growth.We revealed that the application of biochar as a soil amendment improved soil conditions by increasing soil electrical conductivity,pH,and water-holding capacity.Moreover,concomitantly,we observed a large reduction(99%)in Pb mobility and availability following application of the hardwood biochar in combination with compost(HBCP).Thus,this combined soil amendment was most effective in promoting A.altissima growth.In addition,the HBCP treatment prevented As translocation in the upper parts of plants,although soil pore water As concentration was not diminished by amendment application. | Ibrahim ALIDOU-ARZIKA Manhattan LEBRUN Florie MIARD Romain NANDILLON Gulriz BAYCU Sylvain BOURGERIE Domenico MORABITO | 2021 | Pedosphere2021，31，6： | 0 |
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