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| 1 | Study on air flow dynamic characteristic of mechanical ventilation of a lung simulator显示文摘As an important life support treatment, mechanical ventilation is usually adopted in clinics. With the development of the res-piratory diagnostic and treatment technologies, air flow dynamics of mechanical ventilation is usually referenced in the evaluation of pulmonary status and assessment of respiratory therapy. In order to improve the ventilation efficiency and provide a reference for pulmonary diagnostics, in this paper, a new mathematical model of mechanical ventilation system was set up. Furthermore, a prototype mechanical ventilation system for an artificial simulating lung was designed and experimentally studied. Lastly, in order to improve the ventilation efficiency and provide a reference for pulmonary diagnostics, the air flow dynamics of the mechanical ventilation system was illustrated through simulation and experimental studies. The study can be helpful to the optimization of the mechanical ventilation system. | NIU JingLong SHI Yan CAO ZhiXin CAI MaoLin CHEN Wei ZHU Jian XU WeiQing | 2017 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2017，60，2： | 8 |
| 2 | New advances in in-situ thermal desorption technology for contaminated soil显示文摘With the development of ecological civilization and economic construction,remediation of contaminated soils has caused more and more concern of scientists and engineers.Situ thermal desorption is a mature and effective technology which is especially suitable for the contaminated soil of relocated chemical plant[1,2],Compared with in-situ chemical oxidation and ectopic thermal desorption,the in-situ thermal desorption has stronger applicability and higher repair efficiency.The main applications of the in-situ thermal desorption technology are semi-volatile and volatile organic pollutants. | SHI Yan LUO ZiHao WANG YiXuan CAI MaoLin YANG LiMan | 2019 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2019，62，11： | 7 |
| 3 | Energy conversion characteristics of reciprocating piston quasi- isothermal compression systems using water sprays显示文摘Air compressors are vital and have numerous industrial applications. Approximately 8% of the annual operating electricity consumption in industrial countries is constituted by due to the use of air compressors. Because the poor heat transfer to the environment in the rapid compression process, the compression is non-isothermal, the efficiency of compressors is restricted. To improve their efficiency and achieve isothermal compression, this study proposes energy conversion reciprocating piston quasiisothermal compression using a water spray. First, a mathematical model of a reciprocating piston compressor with water sprays was established. Through experimental investigation and simulations, the mathematical model was validated. The energy conversion characteristics of the reciprocating piston compressor were then studied. To reduce compression power and enhance compression efficiency, it was first discovered that the critical parameters were the input pressure of the driving chamber, water spray mass, and compression volume ratio, which were then evaluated thoroughly. The higher the inlet pressure of the driving chamber, the faster the air compression velocity. Additionally, the compression efficiency was elevated as the water spray mass was gradually increased for a given compression volume ratio. When the compression volume ratio was increased from 2 to 3,the compression power increased from 172.7 J/stroke to 294.2 J/stroke and the compression efficiency was enhanced from 37.3%(adiabatic) to 80.6%. This research and its performance analysis can be referred to during the parameter design optimisation of reciprocating piston quasi-isothermal compression systems using water sprays. | jia guanwei cai maolin xu weiqing shi yan | 2018 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2018，61，2： | 6 |
| 4 | Crystal structure of SARS-CoV-2 main protease in complex with protease inhibitor PF-07321332显示文摘Dear Editor,Since December 2019,the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)has taken a heavy toll on global health,creating an urgent need to develop effective strategies for prevention and treatment.The etiological agent,known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARSCoV-2),has infected nearly 229.2 million people worldwide with more than 4.7 million deaths as of September 15,2021.Older age and preexisting health conditions are associated with worse clinical prognosis including higher mortality rates(Zhou et al.,2020).The global race to combat this pandemic has led to rapid deployment of numerous effective vaccines against SARS-CoV-2(Tregoning et al.,2021).However,the emergence of viral variants,including the Delta variant(B.1.617.2),compromised vaccine effectiveness with resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among highly vaccinated population(Keehner et al.,2021).Therefore,development of therapeutics against the more conserved viral targets would be essential to contain the spread of COVID-19 and reduce mortality. | Yao Zhao Chao Fang Qi Zhang Ruxue Zhang Xiangbo Zhao Yinkai Duan Haofeng Wang Yan Zhu Lu Feng Jinyi Zhao Maolin Shao Xiuna Yang Leike Zhang Chao Peng Kailin Yang Dawei Ma Zihe Rao Haitao Yang | 2022 | Protein & Cell2022，13，9： | 6 |
| 5 | Analytical and Experimental Study on Complex Compressed Air Pipe Network显示文摘To analyze the working characteristics of complex compressed air networks, numerical methods are widely used which are based on finite element technology or intelligent algorithms. However, the effectiveness of the numerical methods is limited. In this paper, to provide a new method to optimize the design and the air supply strategy of the complex compressed air pipe network, firstly, a novel method to analyze the topology structure of the compressed air flow in the pipe network is initially proposed. A matrix is used to describe the topology structure of the compressed air flow. Moreover, based on the analysis of the pressure loss of the pipe network, the relationship between the pressure and the flow of the compressed air is derived, and a prediction method of pressure fluctuation and air flow in a segment in a complex pipe network is proposed. Finally, to inspect the effectiveness of the method, an experiment with a complex network is designed. The pressure and the flow of airflow in the network are measured and studied. The results of the study show that, the predicted results with the proposed method have a good consistency with the experimental results, and that verifies the air flow prediction method of the complex pipe network. This research proposes a new method to analyze the compressed air network and a prediction method of pressure fluctuation and air flow in a segment, which can predicate the fluctuation of the pressure according to the flow of compressed air, and predicate the fluctuation of the flow according to the pressure in a segment of a complex pipe network. | GAI Yushou CAI Maolin SHI Yan | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2015，28，5： | 4 |
| 6 | Methods to Evaluate and Measure Power of Pneumatic System and Their Applications显示文摘Pneumatic system has been widely used throughout industry, and it consumes more than billions kW h of electricity one year all over the world. So as to improve the efficiency of pneumatic system, its power evaluation as well as measurement methods should be proposed, and their applicability should be validated. In this paper, firstly, power evaluation and measurement methods of pneumatic system were introduced for the first time. Secondly, based on the proposed methods, power distributions in pneumatic system was analyzed. Thirdly, through the analysis on pneumatic efficiencies of typical compressors and pneumatic components, the applicability of the proposed methods were validated. It can be concluded that, first of all, the proposed methods to evaluation and measurement the power of pneumatic system were efficient. Furthermore, the pneumatic power efficiencies of pneumatic system in the air production and cleaning procedure are respectively about 35%–75% and 85%–90%. Moreover, the pneumatic power efficiencies of pneumatic system in the transmission and consumption procedures are about 70%–85% and 10%–35%. And the total pneumatic power efficiency of pneumatic system is about 2%–20%, which varies largely with the system configuration. This paper provides a method to analyze and measure the power of pneumatic system, lay a foundation for the optimization and energy-saving design of pneumatic system. | Yan Shi Maolin Cai Weiqing Xu Yixuan Wang | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2019，32，3： | 4 |
| 7 | An aviation oxygen supply system based on a mechanical ventilation model显示文摘At high altitudes, an Aviation Oxygen Supply System(AOSS) protects pilots from low pressure and hypoxia by continuously providing oxygen corresponding to the pilots' dynamic respiratory properties.An AOSS mainly consists of oxygen supercharging machines which are used in a high-altitude flight cabin to supply pressurized oxygen to pilots.Therefore, it is of great significance to study the airflow dynamic characteristics of an AOSS for safe, continuous, and efficient oxygen supply.In this paper, an AOSS is firstly simplified and considered as a mechanical ventilation system.Then, its corresponding mathematical model is constructed.Next, to verify the mathematical model, a prototype AOSS with a lung simulator is proposed for an experimental study.Afterwards, to build a foundation for the optimization of the AOSS, the airflow dynamic characteristics of an aircraft are analyzed, and the effects of key parameters on the respiration system are researched.Through experimental and simulation studies, it can be concluded that the mathematical model is effective.Subsequently, for stability during the respiration process, we consider setting the equivalent throttling areas of the inspiration and expiration pipelines smaller within certain limits; additionally, an excessively high oxygen supply pressure will disturb smooth airflow, and in a low-pressure environment, the pressure can be 84 cm H_2O lower than the standard atmospheric pressure.This research can be referred to in the design of an oxygen supply system and the study on optimization of airflow dynamic characteristics. | Yan SHI Yixuan WANG Maolin CAI Bolun ZHANG Jian ZHU | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2018，31，1： | 4 |
| 8 | Efficiency optimized fuel supply strategy of aircraft engine based on air-fuel ratio control显示文摘Accurate fuel injection control of aircraft engine can optimize the energy efficiency of UAV power system while meeting the propeller speed requirement. Traditional injection control method such as open-loop calibration causes instability of fuel supply which brings the risk of power loss of UAV. Considering that the closed-loop control of AFR can ensure a stable fuel feeding, this paper proposes an AFR control based fuel supply strategy in order to improve the efficiency of fuel-powered UAV while obtaining the required engine speed. According to the optimum fuel injection results, we implement fuzzy-PID method to control the set AFR in different situations. Through simulation and experiment studies, the results indicate that, to begin with, the calibrated mathematical model of the aircraft engine is effective. Next, this fuel supply strategy based on AFR control can normally realize the engine speed regulation, and the applied control algorithm can eliminate the overshoot of AFR throughout all the working progress. What is more,the fuel supply strategy can averagely shorten the response time of the engine speed by about two seconds. In addition, compared with the open-loop calibration, in this work the power efficiency is improved by 9% to 33%. Last but not the least, the endurance can be improved by 30 min with a normal engine speed. This paper can be a reference for the optimization of UAV aircraft engine. | Yixuan WANG Yan SHI Maolin CAI Weiqing XU Qihui YU | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2019，32，2： | 3 |
| 9 | Typing of biliary tumor thrombus influences the prognoses of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Objective:To establish a new classification of biliary tumor thrombus(BTT).Methods:Overall survival of patients with BTT was first used to determine whether it correlated with current hepatocellular carcinoma staging systems.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine factors affecting the overall survival(OS)to form the basis of our new classification for BTT.Results:All 6 international staging systems showed overlapping survival curves.Univariate followed by multivariate analyses showed that total bilirubin and intrahepatic/extrahepatic BTT were significant risk factors of OS.Based on these data,a new BTT classification was defined as:TypeⅠ:intrahepatic BTT;and TypeⅡ:extrahepatic BTT involving a common bile duct or common hepatic duct.TypeⅠwas further subdivided into type Ia:BTT involving a second-order intrahepatic duct or above,and type Ib:BTT involving a first-order intrahepatic duct.TypeⅡwas further subdivided into typeⅡa and typeⅡb using a cut-off total bilirubin(TB)>300μmol/L.The numbers(percentages)of patients with typesⅠandⅡBTT were 69(34.2%)and 133(65.8%),respectively.The median OS of typeⅠpatients was significantly higher than that of typeⅡpatients(37.5 months vs.23.2 months;P=0.002).Using subgroup analyses,OS outcomes were significantly different between the subgroups of typeⅡb and type IIa,although there was no significant difference between the type Ia and type Ib subgroups(P=0.07).Conclusions:A new BTT classification was established to predict prognoses of HCC patients with BTT who underwent liver resection. | Juxian Sun Jiayi Wu Chang Liu Jie Shi Yonggang Wei Jianyin Zhou Zhibo Zhang Wan Yee Lau Maolin Yan Shuqun Cheng | 2021 | Cancer Biology & Medicine2021，18，3： | 3 |
| 10 | Working characteristics of a new ventilator with automatic secretion clearance function显示文摘Secretions in the airways of ventilated patients must be cleared efficiently and timely. A novel ventilator(SC ventilator) is proposed with an automatic secretion clearance function in order to provide a new approach. A mathematical model of a ventilation system with the SC ventilator is set up to optimize the SC ventilator. Based on the research, conclusion can be reached as follows. First, the experimental results and the mathematical model are proved to be authentic and reliable. Second, the secretion clearance efficiency of the SC ventilator may be higher than that of IL-IE device. Finally, increasing the inspiratory positive airway pressure or decreasing the expiatory positive airway pressure of the SC ventilator can improve the efficiency of the secretion clearance. This paper lays a foundation for the secretion clearance improvement of the SC ventilator. | SHI Yan NIU JingLong CAO ZhiXin CAI MaoLin ZHU Jian | 2015 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2015，58，6： | 3 |
| 11 | Advances in motion control of gas pipeline detection robot显示文摘Pipelines are important means of oil and gas transportation,which are widely used in chemical,electric power and municipal engineering.However,the pipeline may be cracked or broken because of factors such as corrosion of the transmission medium and natural disasters.The traditional pipeline inspection is done manually,with long inspection time and large workload.In this case,people invented the pipeline inspection robot,which greatly improved the detection efficiency[1–3].Pipeline detection is divided into internal detection and external detection,while oil and gas pipeline detection robot is mainly for internal detection.Oil and gas pipeline inspection robots,which are widely used in the detection of oil and gas pipelines,can walk in pipelines and complete accurate inspection tasks.However,the control problem of the movement of the oil and gas pipeline detection robot in the pipeline is the primary problem,which is divided into two parts:motion control and attitude control[4]. | SHI Yan MU ZhenXin CAI MaoLin SONG Hua WANG YiXuan | 2020 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2020，63，5： | 2 |
| 12 | Review of fluid and control technology of hydraulic wind turbines显示文摘 | Maolin CAI Yixuan WANG Zongxia JIAO Yan SHI | 2017 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2017，12，3： | 2 |
| 13 | Optimization Study on a Single-cylinder Compressed Air Engine显示文摘The current research of compressed air engine(CAE) mainly focused on simulations and system integrations. However, energy efficiency and output torque of the CAE is limited, which restricts its application and popularization. In this paper, the working principles of CAE are briefly introduced. To set a foundation for the study on the optimization of the CAE, the basic mathematical model of working processes is set up. A pressure-compensated valve which can reduce the inertia force of the valve is proposed. To verify the mathematical model, the prototype with the newly designed pressure-compensated intake valve is built and the experiment is carried out, simulation and experimental results of the CAE are conducted, and pressures inside the cylinder and output torque of the CAE are obtained. Orthogonal design and grey relation analysis are utilized to optimize structural parameters. The experimental and optimized results show that, first of all, pressure inside the cylinder has the same changing tendency in both simulation curve and experimental curve. Secondly, the highest average output torque is obtained at the highest intake pressure and the lowest rotate speed. Thirdly, the optimization of the single-cylinder CAE can improve the working efficiency from an original 21.95% to 50.1%, an overall increase of 28.15%, and the average output torque increases also increases from 22.047 5 N · m to 22.439 N · m. This research designs a single-cylinder CAE with pressure-compensated intake valve, and proposes a structural parameters design method which improves the single-cylinder CAE performance. | YU Qihui CAI Maolin SHI Yan XU Qiyue | 2015 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2015，28，6： | 2 |
| 14 | New advances in monitoring and triggering of mechanical ventilation显示文摘Mechanical ventilation has been widely used in intensive care unit(ICU)to provide adequate air exchange to patients with respiratory difficulty.It helps patients with a ventilator that presses air into patients’lungs at triggering time.As a key therapy in ICU,mechanical ventilation is of great significance in clinical research of respiratory treatment.For example,simulation research of mechanical ventilation can be made through dynamics equations of pneumatic | SHI Yan ZHANG BoLun WANG ZeDan CAI MaoLin SHEN DongKai | 2016 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2016，59，11： | 1 |
| 15 | Construction and characterization of the transformation-competent artificial chromosome (TAC) libraries of Leymus multicaulis显示文摘Transformation-competent artificial chromosome system is able to clone and transfer genes efficiently in plants.In order to clone genes highly tolerant to barley yellow dwarf virus(BYDV),Aphids,drought and salt from Leymus multicaulis,the two TAC genomic libraries I and II were constructed in vector pYLTAC17 and pYLTAC747H/sacB,which contain about 165000 and 236000 recombinant clones sepa-rately.The genome coverage of the two libraries was totally estimated to be about 3―5 haploid genome equivalents,as size selection of genomic DNA fragments was approximately from 9 to 300 kb.Clones of the genomic libraries were collected as bulked pools each containing 500 clones or so,stored in twelve 96-deep-well plates and then were gridding in triplicate onto a high-density colony hybridization filter with a 3×3 pattern using a GeneTAC?G3 arraying robot after being transferred manually into three 384-well plates.Meanwhile 2501 and 2890 clones of Library in pYLTAC17 and in pYLTAC747H/sacB were stored individually in fourteen 384-well plates and then were automatically gridding in duplicate onto a high-density colony hybridization filter with a 6×6 pattern after a replication of plates.Nineteen positive clones were detected by using the probe glutahione reductase gene of L.multicaulis.TAC libraries constructed here can be used to isolate genomic clones containing target genes,and to carry out genome walking for positional cloning.Once the target TAC clones were isolated,they could be immediately transferred into plant genomes with the Agrobacterium system. | XU YueYu 1,2,3,ZHOU YuLei 4,5 ,SONG LinLin 6 ,ZHANG Yan 3 &ZHAO MaoLin 1 1 Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Beijing 100097,China 2 Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Hunan Institute of Engineering,Xiangtan 411104,China 3 College of Life Science,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100037,China 4 College of Life Science,Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Technology,Guangzhou 510225,China 5 College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China 6 Department of Biology,Henan Institute of Science and Technology,Xinxiang 453003,China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，7： | 1 |
| 16 | New advances in EMG control methods of anthropomorphic prosthetic hand显示文摘Prosthetic hands are becoming more and more popular among people without a hand and it is able to perform certain manual operations in function.In biology,action potentials trigger muscle contractions,and surface electromyography(sEMG)signals are the sum of action potentials under the skin exposed by the electrodes(via sebum and | WANG YiXuan LIU He LENG DongLiang GAO Wei CAI MaoLin XU WeiQing ZHANG Xiaohua Douglas SHI Yan | 2017 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2017，60，12： | 1 |
| 17 | New advances in airflow measurements applied in airflow characteristics test of pneumatic components显示文摘Pneumatic components have the explosion-proof,high reliability,and pollution-free characteristics,and have been applied in high-end equipment such as aerospace.With the pneumatic system technology developing,the quality of pneumatic components is required improving[1].High-frequency airflow dynamic characteristics need to be applied in pneumatic components. | SHI Yan HAN ChengWei CAI MaoLin WANG YiXuan SUN ZhiBo | 2021 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2021，64，12： | 0 |
| 18 | Mechanical ventilation strategy for pulmonary rehabilitation based on patient-ventilator interaction显示文摘Mechanical ventilation is an effective medical means in the treatment of patients with critically ill,COVID-19 and other pulmonary diseases.During the mechanical ventilation and the weaning process,the conduct of pulmonary rehabilitation is essential for the patients to improve the spontaneous breathing ability and to avoid the weakness of respiratory muscles and other pulmonary functional trauma.However,inappropriate mechanical ventilation strategies for pulmonary rehabilitation often result in weaning difficulties and other ventilator complications.In this article,the mechanical ventilation strategies for pulmonary rehabilitation are studied based on the analysis of patient-ventilator interaction.A pneumatic model of the mechanical ventilation system is established to determine the mathematical relationship among the pressure,the volumetric flow,and the tidal volume.Each ventilation cycle is divided into four phases according to the different respiratory characteristics of patients,namely,the triggering phase,the inhalation phase,the switching phase,and the exhalation phase.The control parameters of the ventilator are adjusted by analyzing the interaction between the patient and the ventilator at different phases.A novel fuzzy control method of the ventilator support pressure is proposed in the pressure support ventilation mode.According to the fuzzy rules in this research,the plateau pressure can be obtained by the trigger sensitivity and the patient’s inspiratory effort.An experiment prototype of the ventilator is established to verify the accuracy of the pneumatic model and the validity of the mechanical ventilation strategies proposed in this article.In addition,through the discussion of the patient-ventilator asynchrony,the strategies for mechanical ventilation can be adjusted accordingly.The results of this research are meaningful for the clinical operation of mechanical ventilation.Besides,these results provide a theoretical basis for the future research on the intelligent control of ventilator and the automation of weaning process. | HAO LiMing LI Xiao SHI Yan CAI MaoLin REN Shuai XIE Fei LI YaNa WANG Na WANG YiXuan LUO ZuJin XU Meng | 2021 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2021，64，4： | 0 |
| 19 | Effect of Sb-induced oxygen octahedral distortion on piezoelectric performance and thermal stability of Pb(In,Nb)O_(3)-Pb(Hf,Ti)O_(3)ceramics显示文摘The combination of excellent thermal stability and outstanding electrical performance is of great sig-nificance for piezoelectric ceramics.Herein,we have prepared 0.11Pb(In_(0.5)Nb_(0.5))O_(3)-0.89Pb(Hf_(0.47)Ti_(0.53))O_(3)-Sb_(2)O_(5)(PIN-PHT-x Sb)ceramics by solid-phase method and investigated the effect of oxygen octahedral lattice distortion on microstructure and macroscopic electrical properties.The distortion index of oxygen octahedra is studied by Rietveld refinement,showing that optimal octahedral distortion can soften B-O repulsion,disrupt long-range ordered ferroelectric domains,and enhance local heterogeneities,signifi-cantly increasing piezoelectric properties.Moreover,outstanding thermal stability and ultrahigh piezo-electric response of PIN-PHT-1.2Sb ceramics are realized under the synergistic influence of octahedral distortion,excellent density,and large grain size.Compared with PIN-PHT ceramics,PIN-PHT-1.2Sb ce-ramics exhibit ultrahigh piezoelectric responses(d_(33)=706 pC/N,k_(p)=0.68,ε_(r)=3244),a high Curie temperature(T C)of 300℃,excellent thermal stability,and anti-fatigue properties. | Huanli Shi Mo Zhao Dongyan Zhang Zhimin Li Maolin Zhang Jingya Wang Li Jin Yangxi Yan | 2023 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2023，，30： | 0 |
| 20 | Novel assisted cough system based on simulating cough airflow dynamics显示文摘Cough is a defensive behavior that protects the respiratory system from infection and clears airway secretions.Cough airflow dynamics have been analyzed by a variety of mathematical and experimental tools.In this paper,the cough airflow dynamics of 42 subjects were obtained and analyzed.An identification model based on piecewise Gauss function for cough airflow dynamics is proposed through the dimensionless method,which could achieve over 90%identification accuracy.Meanwhile,an assisted cough system based on pneumatic flow servo system is presented.The vacuum situation and feedback control are used to increase the simulated peak cough flow rate,which are important for airway secretion clearance and to avoid airway collapse,respectively.The simulated cough peak flow could reach 5 L/s without the external assistance such as manual pressing,patient cooperation and other means.Finally,the backstepping control is developed to generate a simulated cough airflow that closely mimics the natural cough airflow of humans.The assisted cough system opens up wide opportunities of practical application in airway secretion clearance for critically ill patients with COVID 2019 and other pulmonary diseases. | Shuai Ren Jinglong Niu Maolin Cai Liming Hao Yan Shi Weiqing Xu Zujin Luo | 2021 | Bio-Design and Manufacturing2021，4，3： | 0 |
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