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| 1 | A review of cadmium sorption mechanisms on soil mineral surfaces revealed from synchrotron-based X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy:Implications for soil remediation显示文摘The sorption of cadmium(Cd) is one of the most important chemical processes in soil, affecting its fate and mobility in both soil and water and ultimately controlling its bioavailability. In order to fundamentally understand the sorption/desorption of Cd in soil systems, X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy(XAFS) has been applied in numerous studies to provide molecular-level information that can be used to characterize the surface adsorption and precipitation reactions that Cd can undergo. This information greatly improves our current knowledge of the possible chemical reactions of Cd in soil. This paper critically reviews the mechanisms of Cd sorption/desorption at the mineral-water interface based on XAFS studies performed over the past twenty years. An introduction to the basic concepts of sorption processes is provided, followed by a detailed interpretation of XAFS theory and experimental data collection and processing,ending finally with a discussion of the atomic/molecular-scale Cd sorption mechanisms that occur at the soil mineral-water interface. Particular emphasis is placed on literature that discusses Cd adsorption and speciation when associated with iron, manganese, and aluminum oxides and aluminosilicate minerals.Multiple sorption mechanisms by which Cd is sorbed by these minerals have been found, spanning from outer-sphere to inner-sphere to surface precipitation,depending on mineral type, surface loading, and pH. In addition, the application of complementary techniques(e.g.,113 Cd nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) and molecular dynamics simulation) for probing Cd sorption mechanisms is discussed. This review can help to develop appropriate strategies for the environmental remediation of Cd-contaminated soils. | Xinxin MO Matthew G.SIEBECKER Wenxian GOU Ling LI Wei LI | 2021 | Pedosphere2021，31，1： | 5 |
| 2 | Behaviour of granular matter under gravity-induced stress gradient:A two-dimensional numerical investigation显示文摘Gravity is the most important load source in mining and geotechnical engineering,which causes both the stress level and stress gradient inside geomaterials.Different from the stress level,the influence of gravity-induced stress gradient on the behaviour of the material is still unknown.An in-deep study on it will help to promote the understanding of material behaviour,especially for those cases related to unconventional gravity such as terrestrial ng physical modelling and extraterrestrial resource exploitation(g is the terrestrial gravitational acceleration).In this study,a high-order homogenization for granular materials is proposed at first,in which the stress gradient is drawn into the constitutive representation by adopting a representative volume element(RVE).The consolidation and shear strength behaviour of RVE are then investigated by performing numerical biaxial tests.The results show that all the compressibility,shear strength,shear stiffness,volumetric deformation,and critical state behaviour show a stress gradient dependence.A coupling between stress gradient,stress level,and material properties is also observed.These observations suggest that,besides the stress level,extra attention needs to be paid to material responses related to stress gradient during engineering practices. | Ruilin Li Guoqing Zhou Pin-Qiang Mo Matthew R.Hall Jun Chen Daqing Chen Shangyue Cai | 2021 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2021，31，3： | 2 |
| 3 | Impact wear and abrasion resistance of CrN, AlCrN and AlTiN PVD coatings显示文摘 | J.L. Mo M.H. Zhu A. Leyland A. Matthews | 2012 | Surface & Coatings Technology2012，，： | 1 |
| 4 | Metrifonate increases neuronal excitability in CAI pyramidal neurons from both young and aging rabbit hippocampus 显示文摘 | Matthew MO Power JM Thompson LT | 1999 | J Neurosci1999，19，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Optimisation of Carrotjuice Colour and Cloud Stability 显示文摘 | Sims CA Balaban Mo Matthews RF | 1993 | Joumal of Food Science1993，58，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Late Cretaceous non-avian dinosaurs from the James Ross Basin,Antarctica:description of new material,updated synthesis,biostratigraphy,and paleobiogeography显示文摘Although the fossil record of non-avian dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of Antarctica is the poorest of any continent,fossils representing at least five major taxonomic groups(Ankylosauria,early-diverging Ornithopoda,Hadrosauridae,Titanosauria,and Theropoda)have been recovered.All come from Upper Cretaceous(Coniacian–Maastrichtian)marine and nearshore deposits belonging to the Gustav and Marambio groups of the James Ross Basin at the northern tip of the Antarctic Peninsula.The majority of these finds have come from the Campanian–Maastrichtian Snow Hill Island and López de Bertodano formations of James Ross and Vega islands.Given the rarity of Antarctic Cretaceous non-avian dinosaurs,discoveries of any fossils of these archosaurs,no matter how meager,are of significance.Here we describe fragmentary new ornithischian(ankylosaur and ornithopod)material from the upper Campanian–lower Maastrichtian Cape Lamb Member of the Snow Hill Island Formation and the Maastrichtian Sandwich Bluff Member of the López de Bertodano Formation.One of these specimens is considered to probably pertain to the holotypic individual of the early-diverging ornithopod Morrosaurus antarcticus.We also provide an up-to-date synthesis of the Late Cretaceous non-avian dinosaur record of the James Ross Basin and analyze the biostratigraphic occurrences of the various finds,demonstrating that most(including all named taxa and all reasonably complete skeletons discovered to date)occur within a relatively condensed temporal interval of the late Campanian to early Maastrichtian.Most or all James Ross Basin dinosaurs share close affinities with penecontemporaneous taxa from Patagonia,indicating that at least some continental vertebrates could disperse between southern South America and Antarctica during the final stages of the Mesozoic. | Matthew CLAMANNA Judd ACASE Eric MROBERTS Victoria MARBOUR Ricardo CELY Steven WSALISBURY Julia ACLARKE DEdward MALINZAK Abagael RWEST Patrick MO’CONNOR | 2019 | Advances in Polar Science2019，30，3： | 0 |
| 7 | Chromatin boundary elements organize genomic architecture and developmental gene regulation in Drosophila Hox clusters显示文摘The three-dimensional(3D) organization of the eukaryotic genome is critical for its proper function. Evidence suggests that extensive chromatin loops form the building blocks of the genomic architecture, separating genes and gene clusters into distinct functional domains. These loops are anchored in part by a special type of DNA elements called chromatin boundary elements(CBEs). CBEs were originally found to insulate neighboring genes by blocking influences of transcriptional enhancers or the spread of silent chromatin. However, recent results show that chromatin loops can also play a positive role in gene regulation by looping out intervening DNA and 'delivering' remote enhancers to gene promoters. In addition, studies from human and model organisms indicate that the configuration of chromatin loops, many of which are tethered by CBEs, is dynamically regulated during cell differentiation. In particular, a recent work by Li et al has shown that the SF1 boundary, located in the Drosophila Hox cluster, regulates local genes by tethering different subsets of chromatin loops: One subset enclose a neighboring gene ftz, limiting its access by the surrounding Scr enhancers and restrict the spread of repressive histones during early embryogenesis; and the other loops subdivide the Scr regulatory region into independent domains of enhancer accessibility. The enhancer-blocking activity of these CBE elements varies greatly in strength and tissue distribution. Further, tandem pairing of SF1 and SF2 facilitate the bypass of distal enhancers in transgenic flies, providing a mechanism for endogenous enhancers to circumvent genomic interruptions resulting from chromosomal rearrangement. This study demonstrates how a network of chromatin boundaries, centrally organized by SF1, can remodel the 3D genome to facilitate gene regulation during development. | Zhibo Ma Mo Li Sharmila Roy Kevin J Liu Matthew L Romine Derrick C Lane Sapna K Patel Haini N Cai | 2016 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2016，7，3： | 0 |
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