| 1 | A tale of worldwide success:Behind the scenes of Carex(Cyperaceae)biogeography and diversification显示文摘The megadiverse genus Carex(c.2000 species,Cyperaceae)has a nearly cosmopolitan distribution,displaying an inverted latitudinal richness gradient with higher species diversity in cold-temperate areas of the Northern Hemisphere.Despite great expansion in our knowledge of the phylogenetic history of the genus and many molecular studies focusing on the biogeography of particular groups during the last few decades,a global analysis of Carex biogeography and diversification is still lacking.For this purpose,we built the hitherto most comprehensive Carex-dated phylogeny based on three markers(ETS-ITS-matK),using a previous phylogenomic Hyb-Seq framework,and a sampling of two-thirds of its species and all recognized sections.Ancestral area reconstaiction,biogeographic stochastic mapping,and diversification rate analyses were conducted to elucidate macroevolutionary biogeographic and diversification patterns.Our results reveal that Carex originated in the late Eocene in E Asia,where it probably remained until the synchronous diversification of its main subgeneric lineages during the late Oligocene.E Asia is supported as the cradle of Carex diversification,as well as a< | Santiago Martin-Bravo Pedro Jimenez-Mejias Tamara Villaverde Marcial Escudero Marlene Hahn Daniel Spalink Eric H.Roalson Andrew L.Hipp the Global Carex Group Carmen Benitez-Benitez Leo P.Bruederle Elisabeth Fitzek Bruce A.Ford Kerry A.Ford Mira Gamer Sebastian Gebauer Matthias H.Hoffmann Xiao-Feng Jin Isabel Larridon Etienne Ldveilld-Bourret Yi-Fei Lu Modesto Luceno Enrique Maguilla Jose Ignacio Marquez-Corro Monica Miguez Robert Naczi Anton A.Reznicek Julian R.Starr | 2019 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2019，57，6： | 6 |
| 2 | Monograph of Carex section Schiedeanae (Cyperaceae): Unexpected taxonomic and ecological diversity in a Mexican sedge clade显示文摘Carex section Schiedeanae(subg.Euthyceras)has long been thought to comprise at most five species of Mexican sedges.Our morphological studies in the field and herbarium,however,supported by more recent DNA sequencing work,demonstrate that the section is,in fact,three times as species-rich,making it one of the largest sections in Mexico.Its 15 species range from Chihuahua to Tamaulipas south to Veracruz and Oaxaca;a single species,Carex muriculata,extends into the United States.The section has unusual inflorescences with simple(except in Carex complexa),uniformly androgynous,sessile spikes,utriculiform dadoprophylls,and perigynia with a unique combination of pubescence types composed of papillae;unicellular,simple hairs;and(in many species)multicellular tubercles.We recognize five previously described species(C.muriculata,Carex perstricta,Carex schiedeana,Carex stellata,and Carex vizarronensis)and describe 10 additional species(Carex angustilepis,Carex cabralii,Carex complexa,Carex dentata,Carex gypsophila,Carex mesophila,Carex paneroi,Carex planilamina,Carex revoluta,and Carex tehuacana).We have expanded the morphological features used in the section to include particularly anther,staminate scale,and style features,and more detailed micromorphology of the perigynia,especially indumentum.In total,13 of the 15 species recognized herein,with a total of 32 individuals,were examined for ETS and ITS for phylogenetic reconstruction.Phylogenetically,the xeric species(plus C.paneroi)form a grade leading to a clade of the more mesophytic species adapted to forest understories,plus the unique cliff dwelling C.complexa. | Anton A.Reznicek Maria del Socorro Gonzalez-Elizondo Marlene Hahn Mira Gamer Andrew L.Hipp | 2021 | Journal of Systematics and Evolution2021，59，4： | 4 |
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