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| 1 | Importance of carpenter bee,Xylocopa varipuncta(Hymenoptera:Apidae)as pollination agent for mangrove community of Setiu Wetland,Terengganu,Malaysiana显示文摘 | Azmi W A Ghazi R Mojamed N Z | | 0，，09： | 1 |
| 2 | A Duty Cycle-Based Gateway Selection Algorithm for LoRaWAN Downlink Communication显示文摘Long Range Wide Area Network(LoRaWAN)has been developed to meet the requirements for the enormous device-to-device communication of Inter-net of Things(IoT)networks,which consist of a large number of participating devices spread over large coverage areas with low data rates and low power con-sumption.It supports communications in both directions,uplink,and downlink directions.However,the downlink communication in the current LoRaWAN raises the bottleneck issue at gateways due to the used gateway selection algo-rithm.This paper proposes a novel gateway selection algorithm based on the duty cycle time-off values for the existing gateways,Duty Cycle Gateway Selection(DCGS),to direct acknowledgment packets as downlink traffic towards the most suitable gateway.Thus,the proposed system avoids subsequent retransmission of previously sent traffic that leads to excessive traffic overloading the network.The proposed system avoids exhausting a gateway duty cycle with downlink traffic by distributing the downlink traffic among available gateways based on the duty cycle time off.DCGS is evaluated using FloRa and INET frameworks in the well-known network simulator OMNeT++.The result shows the superior perfor-mance of the proposed approach over the existing Signal-to-Noise ratio(SNR)based selection mechanism.It clearly indicates that the DCGS maintains a better confirmed packet delivery rate while reducing number of retransmissions,colli-sions,and power consumption. | Mohammad Al Mojamed | 2023 | Computer Systems Science & Engineering2023，45，6： | 0 |
| 3 | Smart Mina: LoRaWAN Technology for Smart Fire Detection Application for Hajj Pilgrimage显示文摘The Long-Range Wide Area Network(LoRaWAN)is one of the used communication systems that serve and enables the deployment of the Internet of Things(IoT),which occasionally transmit small size data.As part of the Low Power Wide Area Network(LPWAN),LoRaWAN is characterized by its ability for low power consumption.In addition,it is built to provide more extended coverage and higher capacity with minimum cost.In this paper,we investigate the feasibility and scalability of LoRaWAN for the Mina area using a realistic network model.Mina,known as the world’s largest tent city,is a valley located in the east of Makkah city and surrounded by mountains.It accommodates up to 3 million pilgrims annually and contains more than 100000 tents.The performance was evaluated based on a fire detection-like application.Extensive simulations were conducted using the OMNeT++simulator and Flora model to determine the delivery ratio,collision,and SF distribution for the simulated sce-nario with a network consisting of up to ten thousand end devices.The conducted simulations show a promising result for LoRaWAN technology for Mina city.It showed a consistent performance for LoRaWAN in most simulated scenarios when a high success ratio was achieved. | Mohammad Al Mojamed | 2022 | Computer Systems Science & Engineering2022，40，1： | 0 |
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