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| 1 | 儿童功能性胃肠病罗马Ⅳ标准显示文摘罗马标准是目前关于功能性胃肠病( FGID)分类最全面且不断更新的标准。罗马Ⅰ、Ⅱ标准分别于1994年、1999年发布。罗马Ⅱ标准开始单列儿童FGID分类。2006年,根据年龄不同,婴幼儿(0-36个月)和儿童(〉36个月) FGID的罗马Ⅲ诊断标准发布,但相关的流行病学、病理生理学、诊断检查、治疗策略以及预后等资料都很少。 | Marc A. Benninga Samuel Nurko Christophe Faure Paul E. Hyman Ian St. James Roberts Neil L. Schechter Jeffrey S. Hyams Carlo Di Lorenzo Miguel Saps Robert J. Shulman Annamaria Staiano Miranda van Tilburg | 2017 | 中华儿科杂志2017，55，1： | 108 |
| 2 | Overexpression of Slug is associated with malignant progression of esophageal adenocarcinoma显示文摘AIM: To characterise expression of known E-cadherin repressors; Snail, Slug and Twist in the development of esophageal adenocarcinoma. METHODS: E-cadherin, Slug, Snail and Twist mRNA expression in Barrett's metaplasia and esophageal adenocarcinoma specimens was examined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Semi-quantitative immunohistochemistry was used to examine cellular localisation and protein levels. The effect of Slug on epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers was examined by transfection of Slug into an adenocarcinoma line OE33.RESULTS: Cellular localisation of Slug in Barrett's metaplasia was largely cytoplasmic whilst in adenocarcinoma it was nuclear. Semi-quantitative analysis indicated that Slug was more abundant in adenocarcinoma compared to matched Barrett's metaplastic specimens. Snail and Twist were expressed in adenocarcinoma but were cytoplasmic in location and not induced compared to Barrett's mucosa. These observations were supported by mRNA studies where only Slug mRNA was shown to be over-expressed in adenocarcinoma and inversely correlated to E-cadherin expression. Overexpression of Slug in OE33 mediated E-cadherin repression and induced the mesenchymal markers vimentin and fibronectin.CONCLUSION: Progression to adenocarcinoma is associated with increased Slug expression and this may represent a mechanism of E-cadherin silencing. | Paras Jethwa Mushal Naqvi Robert G Hardy Neil A Hotchin Sally Roberts Robert Spychal Chris Tselepis | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，7： | 24 |
| 3 | Association between serum vitamin D levels and gastric cancer:A retrospective chart analysis显示文摘AIM To determine whether there is an increased risk of gastric adenocarcinoma associated with vitamin D deficiency(VDd).METHODS A retrospective case control study was performed of all patients diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma between 2005 and 2015.After we excluded the patients without a documented vitamin D level,49 patients were included in our study.RESULTS The average age of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma and documented vitamin D level was 64 years old(95%CI: 27-86) and average vitamin D level was 20.8 mg/d L(95%CI: 4-44).Compared to a matched control group,the prevalence of VDd/insufficiency in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than normal vitamin D levels(83.7% vs 16.3%).Forty-one patients(83.7%) with adenocarcinoma showed VDd/insufficiency compared to 18(37%) patients with normal vitamin D level without gastric cancer(OR: 8.8,95%CI: 5-22,P value < 0.0001).The average age of males with gastric adenocarcinoma diagnosis was 60 years old vs 68 years old for females(P = 0.01).StageⅡ gastric adenocarcinoma was the most prevalent in our study(37%).CONCLUSION We reported a positive relationship between VDd and gastric adenocarcinoma,that is to say,patients with decreased VDd levels have an increased propensity for gastric adenocarcinoma. | Neil Vyas Rafael Ching Companioni Melik Tiba Hassan Alkhawam Carmine Catalano Robert Sogomonian Joel Baum Aaron Walfish | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2016，8，9： | 10 |
| 4 | Evaluation, Treatment, and Prevention of Vitamin D Deficiency: an Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline显示文摘 | Michael F. Holick Neil C. Binkley Heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari Catherine M. Gordon David A. Hanley Robert P. Heaney M. Hassan Murad Connie M. Weaver | 2011 | The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism2011，，7： | 5 |
| 5 | Laparoscopic liver resection for hepatocellular adenoma显示文摘AIM:To investigate the role of laparoscopy in the surgical management of hepatocellular adenoma(HA). METHODS:We reviewed a prospectively collected database of consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic liver resection for HA. RESULTS:Thirteen patients underwent fifteen pure laparoscopic liver resections for HA(male/female:3/10; median age 42 years,range 22-72 years).Two patients with liver adenomatosis required two different laparoscopic operations for ruptured adenomas.Indications for surgery were:symptoms in 12 cases,need to rule out malignancy in 2 cases and preoperative diagnosis of large HA in one case.Symptoms were related to bleeding in 10 cases,sepsis due to liver abscess following embolization of HA in one case and mass effect in one case(shoulder tip pain).Five cases with ruptured bleeding adenoma required emergency admis-sion and treatment with selective arterial embolization. Laparoscopic liver resection was then semi-electively performed.Eight patients(62%)required major hepatectomy[right hepatectomy(n=5),left hepatectomy (n=3)].No conversion to open surgery occurred.The median operative time for pure laparoscopic procedures was 270 min(range 135-360 min).The median size of the excised lesions was 85 mm(range 25-180 mm). One patient with adenomatosis developed postoperative bleeding requiring embolization.Mortality was nil. The median hospital stay was 4 d(range 1-18 d)with a median high dependency unit stay of 1 d(range 0-7 d). CONCLUSION:The laparoscopic approach represents a safe option for the management of HA in a semi-elective setting and when major hepatectomy is required. | Mohammed Abu Hilal Francesco Di Fabio Robert David Wiltshire Mohammed Hamdan David M Layfield Neil William Pearce | 2011 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2011，3，7： | 4 |
| 6 | Impact of Hepatopulmonary Syndrome on Quality of Life and Survival in Liver Transplant Candidates显示文摘 | Michael B. Fallon Michael J. Krowka Robert S. Brown James F. Trotter Steven Zacks Kari E. Roberts Vijay H. Shah Neil Kaplowitz Lisa Forman Keith Wille Steven M. Kawut | 2008 | Gastroenterology2008，，4： | 4 |
| 7 | Recovery of saturated signal waveform acquired from high-energy particles with artificial neural networks显示文摘Artificial neural networks(ANNs)are a core component of artificial intelligence and are frequently used in machine learning.In this report,we investigate the use of ANNs to recover the saturated signals acquired in highenergy particle and nuclear physics experiments.The inherent properties of the detector and hardware imply that particles with relatively high energies probably often generate saturated signals.Usually,these saturated signals are discarded during data processing,and therefore,some useful information is lost.Thus,it is worth restoring the saturated signals to their normal form.The mapping from a saturated signal waveform to a normal signal waveform constitutes a regression problem.Given that the scintillator and collection usually do not form a linear system,typical regression methods such as multi-parameter fitting are not immediately applicable.One important advantage of ANNs is their capability to process nonlinear regression problems.To recover the saturated signal,three typical ANNs were tested including backpropagation(BP),simple recurrent(Elman),and generalized radial basis function(GRBF)neural networks(NNs).They represent a basic network structure,a network structure with feedback,and a network structure with a kernel function,respectively.The saturated waveforms were produced mainly by the environmental gamma in a liquid scintillation detector for the China Dark Matter Detection Experiment(CDEX).The training and test data sets consisted of 6000 and 3000 recordings of background radiation,respectively,in which saturation was simulated by truncating each waveform at 40%of the maximum signal.The results show that the GBRF-NN performed best as measured using a Chi-squared test to compare the original and reconstructed signals in the region in which saturation was simulated.A comparison of the original and reconstructed signals in this region shows that the GBRF neural network produced the best performance.This ANN demonstrates a powerful efficacy in terms of solving the saturation recovery problem.The proposed method outlines new ideas and possibilities for the recovery of saturated signals in high-energy particle and nuclear physics experiments.This study also illustrates an innovative application of machine learning in the analysis of experimental data in particle physics. | Yu Liu Jing-Jun Zhu Neil Roberts Ke-Ming Chen Yu-Lu Yan Shuang-Rong Mo Peng Gu Hao-Yang Xing | 2019 | Nuclear Science and Techniques2019，30，10： | 3 |
| 8 | Clinical practice guideline: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo显示文摘 | Neil Bhattacharyya Reginald F. Baugh Laura Orvidas David Barrs Leo J. Bronston Stephen Cass Ara A. Chalian Alan L. Desmond Jerry M. Earll Terry D. Fife Drew C. Fuller James O. Judge Nancy R. Mann Richard M. Rosenfeld Linda T. Schuring Robert W.P. Steiner | 2008 | Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery2008，，5： | 3 |
| 9 | Explaining Corporate Environmental Performance: How Does Regulation Matter?显示文摘 | Robert A. Kagan Neil Gunningham Dorothy Thornton | 2003 | Law & Society Review2003，，： | 3 |
| 10 | Evaluation of a locked nucleic acid form of antisense oligo targeting HIF-1α in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘BACKGROUND Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α(HIF-1α) is a gene that regulates tumor survival,neovascularization and invasion. Overexpression of HIF-1α correlates with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). RO7070179 is a HIF-1α inhibitor that decreases HIF-1α mRNA and its downstream targets, it could be a potential treatment in HCC.AIM To evaluate safety and preliminary activity of RO7070179 in patients with previously treated HCC, with focus on a patient with prolonged response to RO7070179.METHODS In the preclinical study of RO7070179 in a HCC xenograft model, the mice wereseparated into 4 groups with each group received doses of 0, 3, 10 and 30 mg/kg for total 10 doses. HCC patients who failed at least one line of systemic treatment,received RO7070179 as a weekly infusion, each cycle is 6 wk. We evaluated the safety and HIF-1α mRNA levels of RO7070179.RESULTS Preclinical evaluation of RO7070179 in orthotopic HCC xenograft model showed no significant differences in HCC tumor weight between the 3 and 10 mg/kg groups. However, dose of 10 mg/kg of RO7070179, has shown 76% reduction of the amount of HIF-1α mRNA in HCC tissue. In the phase 1 b study of RO7070179 in previously treated HCC patients, 8 out of 9 were evaluable: 1 achieved PR and1 SD. The patient with PR responded after 2 cycles treatments, which has been maintained for 12 cycles. This patient also showed reduction in perfusion of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI) after 1 cycle of treatment. After 1 cycle of treatment, both patients with PR and SD showed decrease in HIF-1α mRNA at the root of biopsies(each biopsy was divided into 2 specimens, the tip and the root).CONCLUSION RO7070179 can reduce HIF-1α mRNA level in HCC patients with SD or PR. It is well tolerated at 10 mg/kg, with transaminitis as the dose of increased toxicity.This study indicates that RO7070179 might benefit HCC patients, and an early signal for clinical benefit can potentially be predicted through changes in either m RNA level or DCE-MRI within 1 cycle of therapy. | Jennifer Wu Merly Contratto Krishna P Shanbhogue Gulam A Manji Bert H O'Neil Anne Noonan Robert Tudor Ray Lee | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2019，10，3： | 2 |
| 11 | 2013 ACC/AHA Guideline on the Treatment of Blood Cholesterol to Reduce Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Risk in Adults: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines显示文摘 | Neil J. Stone Jennifer G. Robinson Alice H. Lichtenstein C. Noel Bairey Merz Conrad B. Blum Robert H. Eckel Anne C. Goldberg David Gordon Daniel Levy Donald M. Lloyd-Jones Patrick McBride J. Sanford Schwartz Susan T. Shero Sidney C. Smith Karol Watson Pet | 2014 | Circulation (_suppl_ Suppl)2014，，25： | 2 |
| 12 | 应对全球气候变化:全科医生的临床经验和方法显示文摘背景气候变化是全球公共卫生问题,需要全面深入的思考才能获得行之有效的解决方法。本文从理论上阐述全科医生临床经验和方法对于解决气候变化问题的借鉴意义。讨论我们认为全科医生的经验和特殊思考方式对解决气候变化问题是一笔宝贵的财富。这些财富包括,毕生对'首先不造成伤害'和'处理不确定性'的认知、反思和践行,'面对不完整信息时做出必要决策'的能力,对'复杂自适应系统'的认识,对稳态的维持,对意外后果的警醒,对'跨学科和跨专业'重要性的认识。总结全科医生一直以来都是公共卫生的拥护者。他们对复杂人类问题的处理方式也可用于应对气候变化。 | Grant Blashki Alan Abelsohn Robert Woollard Neil Arya Margot W Parkes Paul Kendal Erica Bell R Warren Bell 邵钧 | 2013 | 中国全科医学2013，16，10： | 2 |
| 13 | Inflammation and Alzheimer’s disease显示文摘 | Haruhiko Akiyama Steven Barger Scott Barnum Bonnie Bradt Joachim Bauer Greg M Cole Neil R Cooper Piet Eikelenboom Mark Emmerling Berndt L Fiebich Caleb E Finch Sally Frautschy W.S.T Griffin Harald Hampel Michael Hull Gary Landreth Lih–Fen Lue Robert Mrak | 2000 | Neurobiology of Aging2000，，3： | 2 |
| 14 | Image-guided endoscopic evacuation of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage显示文摘 | Chad M. Miller Paul Vespa Jeffrey L. Saver Chelsea S. Kidwell Stanley T. Carmichael Jeffry Alger John Frazee Sid Starkman David Liebeskind Valeriy Nenov Robert Elashoff Neil Martin | 2008 | Surgical Neurology2008，，5： | 2 |
| 15 | Prevalence and impact on survival of positive surgical margins in partial nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma: a population‐based study显示文摘 | Ifeanyi Ani Antonio Finelli Shabbir M.H. Alibhai Narhari Timilshina Neil Fleshner Robert Abouassaly | 2013 | BJU Int2013，，： | 2 |
| 16 | Surgical Therapy for Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumours of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract显示文摘 | Amitabha Das Robert Wilson Andrew V. Biankin Neil D. Merrett | 2009 | Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2009，，7： | 2 |
| 17 | Hepatitis C and Alcohol Exacerbate Liver Injury by Suppression of FOXO3显示文摘 | Batbayar Tumurbaatar Irina Tikhanovich Zhuan Li Jinyu Ren Robert Ralston Sudhakiranmayi Kuravi Roosevelt Campbell Gaurav Chaturvedi Ting-Ting Huang Jie Zhao Junfang Hao Maura O’Neil Steven A. Weinman | 2013 | The American Journal of Pathology2013，，6： | 2 |
| 18 | Protecting the delivery of heart failure: Regenerative Medicine/Stem Cell Therapeutics:Potential protections afforded by the Department of Health and Human Services and Health Resources Service Administration’s Bureau of Special Programs显示文摘Advances in stem cell science and potential clinical applications have brought clinical medicine closer to the actualization of Regenerative Medicine—an extension of transplantation of organs and cells and implantation of bioprosthetics and biodevices. The goal of such therapeutics will be intervention prior to onset of severe individual disability, enhance organ function and enhance patient performance status without incurring the economic impacts of standard organ transplantation. Regenerative Medicine is already demonstrating proof of principle or efficacy in restora- tion of myocardial contractility, joint mobility and function, immune competence, pulmonary function, immunologic self- tolerance, motor function and normal hemoglobin production with the next targets—diabetes mellitus (type I and type II), neurologic injury, hepatic dysfunction preparing to enter trials. Expenditures on health care needs of an aging U.S. citizenry approximate 20-25% ($3 trillion) of U.S. GDP currently and may to grow to 40% of U.S. GDP by 2025. As the potential of Regenerative Medicine is clinically realized, the societal impact and economic benefits will be disproportionately magnified in the economies of industrialized nations. The experi- ence of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS), the National Bone Marrow Donor Registry (NBMDR), and the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Programs (NVICP) can help ensure that as Regenerative Medicine strives to achieve clinical benefits while avoiding decimation of therapeutic options by product liability and medical malpractice concerns—concerns that crippled the U.S. vaccine manufacturing industry until the creation of the NVICP. The first 50 years of organ/cell/tissue transplantation demonstrates that clinical reality of allogeneic and autologous transplantation can antedate complete understanding of the basic science underlying successful transplantation. Product liability and medical malpractice liability have not impeded the development and growth of organ/cell/tissue transplanta- tion despite increased risks of infection, malignancy and cardiovascular disease in transplant recipients. Currently, human transplantation is only performed using FDA/CBER-approved, non-embryonic stem cells from peripheral blood, bone marrow or umbilical cord blood. Federal legislation passed in 2005 (HR2520 and S1317: The Bone Marrow and Cord Blood Cell Transplantation Program) authorizes the Secretary of Health and Human Services acting through the Director of HRSA to ensure uniform stem cell units distribution and outcomes monitoring via the federally-designated C.W. Bill Young Cell Transplant Program. Historically in the U.S., human biological therapies (vaccines, organ transplant and stem cell transplant) have re- quired federal protections to ensure continued distribution, fair access and avoidance of inhibitory product liability via protections afforded under the “stewardship” of the Secretary of Health and Human Services. The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 established the NVICP to equitably and expeditiously compensate individuals, or families of individuals, who have been declared injured by vaccines, thereby stabilizing a once imperiled vaccine supply by substan-tially reducing the threat of liability for vaccine companies, physicians, and other health care professionals who administer vaccines. Vaccines were the first biologics administered to U.S. citizens en masse and presage stem cell therapeutics (which may similarly be administered to millions) will similarly necessitate that a Stem Cell Injury Compensation Program (SCICP) will also need to be in place to demonstrate an intention to do good, an understanding that industry may do well, but that the health care consumer has a right of protection—all recognized from the outset. The Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA) addresses liability claims via the Executive, Judicial and Legislative branches of Government, providing an um- brella of liability protection to other participants in the stem cell unit “chain of custody” under the FTCA—similar to the protection from product liability seen in organ and stem cell transplantation for the past 40-50 years. Efficacious development of regenerative medicine capabilities will mandate controlled access must first be provided for individuals with life-threatening diseases without therapeutic options or unable to benefit from or receive proven therapeutic options (ALS, cardiomyopathy and deemed not a candidate for heart transplantation, IDDM with hypoglyce- mic unawareness and no allogeneic source of traditional islet cell replacement available via HRSA) and mandates the prompt adoption of business and legal principles to ensure that the fate of the vaccine manufacturing industry does not become the fate of the stem cell therapeutics industry. If legal and regulatory concerns consume an increasing percentage of health care dollars that could be focused upon innovation, the Regenerative Medicine model will have not realized its full potential. The Diabetes Transplantation/Regenerative Medicine Model is the first organ to cell transplant model outside of oncology to demonstrate the regenerative medicine paradigm. Since all human tissues can be already recapitulated by human stem cells and key patent holders already exist, outlet or distribution of “more-than-minimally-manipulated stem cell units” as an IND approved under FDA/CBER guidelines can be accomplished via the current HHS/HRSA/Dept of Trans- plant methodology. As cardiovascular stem cell researchers develop human therapeutics utilizing more-than-minimally- manipulated stem cell products, they could be afforded protections from product liability historically enjoyed by the transplant community. Extending the Diabetes Transplant/Regenerative Medicine Model to the more than 5 million Americans with chronic heart failure, cell-based therapies to regenerate myocardial contractility could fill an existing void and be delivered in conjunction with and consistent with existing distribution of organs and tissues via HRSA/Department of Transplantation. | Gary S Friedman John S. Tomicki Neil Cohen Robert Marshal Philip Lowry Jeffrey Warsh | 2006 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2006，3，3： | 2 |
| 19 | Changes in Climate Extremes Over the Australian Region and New Zealand During the Twentieth Century显示文摘 | Neil Plummer M. James Salinger Neville Nicholls Ramasamy Suppiah Kevin J. Hennessy Robert M. Leighton Blair Trewin Cher M. Page Janice M. Lough | 1999 | Climatic Change1999，，1： | 2 |
| 20 | Effect of oxygen and nitrogen functionalization on the physical and electronic structure of graphene显示文摘graphene 的共有原子价 functionalization 为定制它的性质提供机会并且是一些 graphene 合成技术的不可避免的后果。然而, functionalization 导致的变化很好没被理解。由使用原子来源控制氧和氮 functionalization 的程度,我们在原子规模在结构和性质学习了进化。虽然,原子氧 reversibly 介绍 epoxide 组,在类似的条件下面,原子氮不可逆转地创造包括的多样的功能代理, pyridinic,和 pyrrolic 氮。原子氧在迪拉克点离开费密能量(即, undoped ) ,虽然原子氮导致网做 n;然而,试验性的结果与为两是转变从的主导的电子效果一致去除到局部性的状态,和因此签名的损失 graphene 的电子结构。 | Alexander J. Marsden Peter Brommer James J. Mudd M. Adam Dyson Robert Cook Maria Asensio Jose Avila Ana Levy Jeremy Sloan David Quigley Gavin R. Bell Neil R. Wilson | 2015 | Nano Research2015，8，8： | 2 |
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