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| 1 | Changes in progenitors and differentiated epithelial cells of neonatal piglets显示文摘This study aimed to assess the changes of small intestinal morphology,progenitors,differentiated epithelial cells,and potential mechanisms in neonatal piglets.Hematoxylin and eosin staining of samples from 36 piglets suggested that dramatic changes were observed in the jejunum crypts depth and crypt fission index of neonatal piglets(P<0.001).The number of intestinal stem cells(ISC)tended to increase(P<0.10),and a decreased number of enteroendocrine cells appeared in the jejunal crypt on d 7(P<0.05).Furthermore,the mRNA expression of jejunal chromogranin A(ChgA)was down-regulated in d 7 piglets(P<0.05).There was an up-regulation of the adult ISC marker gene of SPARC related modular calcium binding 2(Smoc2),and Wnt/b-catenin target genes on d 7(P<0.05).These results were further verified in vitro enteroid culture experiments.A mass of hollow spheroids was cultured from the fetal intestine of 0-d-old piglets(P<0.001),whereas substantial organoids with budding and branching structures were cultured from the intestine of 7-d-old piglets(P<0.001).The difference was reflected by the organoid budding efficiency,crypt domains per organoid,and the surface area of the organoid.Furthermore,spheroids on d 0 had more Ki67-positive cells and enteroendocrine cells(P<0.05)and showed a decreasing trend in the ISC and goblet cells(P<0.10).Moreover,the mRNA expression of spheroids differed markedly from that of organoids,with low expression of intestinal differentiation gene(Lysozyme;P<0.05),epithelial-specific markers(Villin,E-cadherin;P<0.05),and adult ISC markers(leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5[Lgr5],Smoc2;P<0.001),and upregulation of fetal marker(connexin 43[Cnx43];P<0.05).The mRNA expression of relevant genes was up-regulated,and involved in Wnt/b-catenin,epidermal growth factor(EGF),Notch,and bone morphogenetic protein(BMP)signaling on d 7 organoids(P<0.05).Spheroids displayed low differentiated phenotype and high proliferation,while organoids exhibited strong differentiation potential.These results indicated that the conversion from the fetal progenitors(spheroids)to adult ISC(normal organoids)might largely be responsible for the fast development of intestinal epithelial cells in neonatal piglets. | Lanmei Yin Jun Li Yitong Zhang Qing Yang Cuiyan Yang Zhenfeng Yi Yuebang Yin Qiye Wang Jianzhong Li Nengshui Ding Zhigang Zhang Huansheng Yang Yulong Yin | 2022 | Animal Nutrition2022，，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Dietary high protein-induced diarrhea and intestinal inflammation by activation of NF-kB signaling in piglets显示文摘The present study aimed to investigate whether inflammation-associated responses in piglets are induced by high protein(HP)through activating nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB)signaling.Sixteen piglets(35 d of age,Duroc×[Landrace×Yorkshire],weaned at d 21,initial BW=9.70±0.11 kg)were allocated to 18%and 26%CP(HP group)at random,comprising 8 replicate pens per treatment.The piglets were slaughtered to collect intestinal tissues when apparent,persistent,and stable diarrhea syndromes happened(on d 12).No significant differences were observed in their growth performance(P>0.05),but reduction by 19.11%,25.31%,23.64%of ADFI,ADG,and G:F,respectively was detected in the HP group.The HP group had greater(P=0.002)diarrhea rates.Furthermore,dietary HP had lower ileal villus height(VH;P=0.048),ratio of villus height to crypt depth(VH/CD ratio;P=0.016),and colonic CD(P=0.034),as well as had the trend(P=0.075)to reduce the ileal villus absorptive area.Moreover,HP diets significantly elevated the goblet cell numbers in the ileal villi(P=0.016)and colonic crypts(P<0.001)and up-regulated(P=0.012)the mRNA expression of mucin2(Muc2)in the ileum.In addition,HP diets increased the myeloperoxidase concentration in the ileum(P=0.002)and colon(P=0.007)of piglets.Dietary HP significantly down-regulated the mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α;P<0.001)in the ileum,induced nitric oxide synthase(iNOS;P=0.040)and interleukin-22(IL-22;P=0.008)in the colon,and inclined to down-regulate interleukin-1β(IL-1β;P=0.076)expression in the colon.The relative protein abundance of Galectin-3(P=0.046)in the colon and the ratio of phosphorylation NF-κB to NF-κB(p-NF=κB/NF-κB ratio)in the ileum of HP piglets were also greater(P=0.038).These results suggest that dietary HP may cause diarrhea in piglets by activating NF-icB signaling induced intestinal inflammation. | Lanmei Yin Jun Li Meiwei Wang Qiye Wang Jianzhong Li Nengshui Ding Huansheng Yang Yulong Yin | 2021 | Animal Nutrition2021，，4： | 3 |
| 3 | Detection of genomic signatures for pig hairlessness using high-density SNP data显示文摘Hair provides thermal regulation for mammals and protects the skin from wounds,bites and ultraviolet(UV)radiation,and is important in adaptation to volatile environments.Pigs in nature are divided into hairy and hairless,which provide a good model for deciphering the molecular mechanisms of hairlessness.We conducted a genomic scan for genetically differentiated regions between hairy and hairless pigs using 60K SNP data,with the aim to better understand the genetic basis for the hairless phenotype in pigs.A total of 38405 SNPs in 498 animals from 36 diverse breeds were used to detect genomic signatures for pig hairlessness by estimating between-population(FST)values.Seven diversifying signatures between Yucatan hairless pig and hairy pigs were identified on pig chromosomes(SSC)1,3,7,8,10,11 and 16,and the biological functions of two notable genes,RGS17 and RB1,were revealed.When Mexican hairless pigs were contrasted with hairypigs,strong signatures were detected on SSC1 and SSC10,which harbor two functionally plausible genes,REV3L and BAMBI.KEGG pathway analysis showed a subset of overrepresented genes involved in the T cell receptor signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway and the tight junction pathways.All of these pathways may be important in local adaptability of hairless pigs.The potential mechanisms underlying the hairless phenotype in pigs are reported for the first time.RB1 and BAMBI are interesting candidate genes for the hairless phenotype in Yucatan hairless and Mexico hairless pigs,respectively.RGS17,REV3L,ICOS and RASGRP1 as well as other genes involved in the MAPK and T cell receptor signaling pathways may be important in environmental adaption by improved tolerance to UV damage in hairless pigs.These findings improve our understanding of the genetic basis for inherited hairlessness in pigs. | Ying SU Yi LONG Xinjun LIAO Huashui AI Zhiyan ZHANG Bin YANG Shijun XIAO Jianhong TANG Wenshui XIN Lusheng HUANG Jun REN Nengshui DING | 2014 | Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering2014，1，4： | 0 |
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