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| 1 | 帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析显示文摘背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为<10年组和≥10年组)。MDACC研究的患者根据放疗计划可行性被等比例随机分配入2个受试组。由于联合治疗组的干预本质,每个研究中的放疗均不适用盲法。在2个研究中,不论是否进行放疗,均静脉滴入帕博利珠单抗(每3周200 mg)。在PEMBRO-RT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(ARR)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACR)、12周时ARR、12周时ACR、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBRO-RT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。 | 陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh | 2021 | 中华肿瘤防治杂志2021，28，24： | 49 |
| 2 | Mechanisms underlying feed intolerance in the critically ill: Implications for treatment显示文摘Malnutrition is associated with poor outcomes in critically ill patients. Although nutritional support is yet to be proven to improve mortality in non-malnourished critically ill patients, early enteral feeding is considered best practice. However, enteral feeding is often limited by delayed gastric emptying. The best method to clinically identify delayed gastric emptying and feed intolerance is unclear. Gastric residual volume (GRV) measured at the bedside is widely used as a surrogate marker for gastric emptying, but the value of GRV measurement has recently been disputed. While the mechanisms underlying delayed gastric emptying require further investigation, recent research has given a better appreciation of the pathophysiology. A number of pharmacological strategies are available to improve the success of feeding. Recent data suggest a combination of intravenous metoclopramide and erythromycin to be the most successful treatment, but novel drug therapies should be explored. Simpler methods to access the duodenum and more distal small bowel for feed delivery are also under investigation. This review summarises current understanding of the factors responsible for, and mechanisms underlying feed intolerance in critical illness, together with the evidence for current practices. Areas requiring further research are also highlighted. | Adam Deane Marianne J Chapman Robert J Fraser Laura K Bryant Carly Burgstad Nam Q Nguyen | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，29： | 18 |
| 3 | Anterior knee pain following primary total knee arthroplasty显示文摘Despite improvements in technique and technology for total knee arthroplasty(TKA),anterior knee pain impacts patient outcomes and satisfaction.Addressing the prosthetic and surgical technique related causes of pain after TKA,specifically as it relates to anterior knee pain,can aid surgeons in addressing these issues with their patients.Design features of the femoral and patellar components which have been reported as pain generators include: Improper femoral as well as patellar component sizing or designs that result in patellofemoral stuffing; a shortened trochlear groove distance from the flange to the intercondylar box; and then surgical technique related issues resulting in: Lateral patellar facet syndrome; overstuffed patella/flange combination; asymmetric patellar resurfacing,improper transverse plane component rotation resulting in patellar subluxation/tilt.Any design consideration that allows impingement of extensor mechanism anatomical elements has the possibility of impacting outcome by becoming a pain generator.As the number of TKA procedures continues to increase,it is increasingly critical to develop improved,evidence based prostheses that maximize function and patient satisfaction while minimizing pain and other complications. | David Shervin Katelyn Pratt Travis Healey Samantha Nguyen William M Mihalko Mouhanad M El-Othmani Khaled J Saleh | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，10： | 15 |
| 4 | A functional C-terminal TRAF3-binding site in MAVS participates in positive and negative regulation of the IFN antiviral response显示文摘病毒的 RNA 的识别由 cytosolic 传感器 retinoic 组织酸可诱导的基因 --(RIG-I ) 我导致表明与类型的产生达到顶点的串联的激活我干扰素(IFN ) 抗病毒的反应。对病毒的病原体的抗病毒、煽动性的回答的发作要求表明改编者, kinases 和 transcriptional 蛋白质到 mitochondrial 的调整空间与时间的招募抗病毒的发信号蛋白质(MAVS ) 。我们以前示威了 serine/threonine kinase IKKε被招募到 MAVS 后面的仙台或小囊的口炎病毒(VSV ) 感染的 C 终端区域,在 Lys500 由 MAVS 的连接 Lys63 的 polyubiquitination 调停了,导致下游的 IFN 发信号的抑制(Paz 等,摩尔房间 Biol, 2009 ) 。在这研究,我们证明 MAVS 的 C 终点在 MAVS 的 aa450-468 区域怀有一个新奇 TRAF3 有约束力的地点。一个一致交往 TRAF 主题(提姆) , 455-PEENEY-460,在这以内,地点为 TRAF3 绑定和 IFN 抗病毒的反应基因的激活被要求,而 TIM 的变化消除 TRAF3 绑定和下游的 IFN 反应。有表示 MAVS 的一个变异提姆的版本的构造的 MAVS −/− 老鼠胚胎成纤维细胞的宪法没能恢复抗病毒的反应或块 VSV 复制,而野类型的 MAVS 重新组成 VSV 复制的抗病毒的抑制。而且, IKKε 的招募;到在经由 Lys500 的 MAVS 的一个邻近的 C 终端地点(aa 468-540 ) , ubiquitination 减少了 TRAF3 绑定和蛋白质稳定性,因此贡献 IKKε调停 IFN 反应关机。这研究证明 MAVS 怀有功能的 C 终端参予 IFN 抗病毒的反应的积极、否定的规定的 TRAF3 有约束力的地点。 | Suzanne Paz Myriam Vilasco Steven J Werden Meztli Arguello Deshanthe Joseph-Pillai Tiejun Zhao Thi Lien-Anh Nguyen Qiang Sun Eliane F Meurs Rongtuan Lin John Hiscott | 2011 | Cell Research2011，21，6： | 12 |
| 5 | 国际胃袖状切除专家共识:基于>12000手术病例的最佳操作指南显示文摘腹腔镜胃袖状切除术(1aparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy,LSG)系相对较新的减重手术方式。因其操作相对简单、治疗肥胖合并疾病及减重效果明显,逐步得以广泛接受。目前美国代谢与减重手术协会将其推荐为肥胖症治疗的单独标准术式。2011年3月25~26日, | 苏远涛 徐安安 朱江帆 Diaz AA Arvidsson D Baker RS Basso N Bellanger D Boza C El Mourad H France M Gagner M Galvao-Neto M Higa KD Himpens J Hutchinson CM Jacobs M Jorgensen JO Jossart G Lakdawala M Nguyen NT Nocca D Prager G Pomp A Ramos AC Rosenthal RJ Shah S Vix M Wittgrove A Zundel N | 2013 | 中国微创外科杂志2013，13，9： | 12 |
| 6 | Outcomes of patients with cirrhosis undergoing non-hepatic surgery:Risk assessment and management显示文摘The reported mortality rates in patients with cirrhosis undergoing various non-transplant surgical procedures range from 8.3% to 25%. This wide range of mortality rates is related to severity of liver disease, type of surgery, demographics of patient population, expertise of the surgical, anesthesia and intensive care unit team and finally, reporting bias. In this article, we will review the pathophysiology, morbidity and mortality associated with non-hepatic surgery in patients with cirrhosis, and then recommend an algorithm for risk assessment and evidence based management strategy to optimize post-surgical outcomes. | Farida Millwala Geoffrey C Nguyen Paul J Thuluvath | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，30： | 10 |
| 7 | Renin and angiotensinogen expression and functions in growth and apoptosis of human glioblastoma显示文摘The expression and function in growth and apoptosis of the renin-angiotensin system(RAS)was evaluated inhuman glioblastoma.Renin and angiotensinogen(AGT)mRNAs and proteins were found by in situ hybridisationand immunohistochemistry in glioblastoma cells.Angiotensinogen was present in glioblastoma cystic fluids.Thus,human glioblastoma cells produce renin and AGT and secrete AGT.Human glioblastoma and glioblastoma cellsexpressed renin,AGT,renin receptor,AT(2)and/or AT(1)mRNAs and proteins determined by RT-PCR and/ | Juillerat-Jeanneret L Celerier J Chapuis Bernasconi C Nguyen G Wostl W Maerki HP Janzer RC Corvol P Gasc JM | 2004 | 中国神经肿瘤杂志2004，2，1： | 8 |
| 8 | Efficacy and safety of tenofovir in chronic hepatitis B: Australian real world experience显示文摘AIM To evaluate the long-term treatment outcomes of tenofovir therapy in patients in a real world Australian tertiary care setting.METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of treatment outcomes among treatment-na?ve and treatment-experienced patients receiving a minimum 3 mo tenofovir therapy through St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Australia. We included patients receiving tenofovir [tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF)] monotherapy, as well as patients treated with TDF in combination with a second antiviral agent. Patients were excluded if they demonstrated human immune-deficiency virus/hepatitis C virus/hepatitis delta virus coinfection or were less than 18 years of age. We considered virological and biochemicalresponse, as well as safety outcomes. Virological response was determined by measurement of hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA using sensitive assays; biochemical response was determined via serum liver function tests; histological response was determined from liver biopsy and fibroscan; safety analysis focused on glomerular renal function and bone mineral density. The primary efficacy endpoint was complete virological suppression over time, defined by HBV DNA < 20 IU/m L. Secondary efficacy endpoints included rates of biochemical response, and HB e antigen(HBe Ag)/HB surface antigen loss and seroconversion over time.RESULTS Ninety-two patients were identified who fulfilled the enrolment criteria. Median follow-up was 26 mo(range 3-114). Mean age was 46(24-78) years, 64(70%) were male and 77(84%) were of Asian origin. 55(60%) patients were treatment-na?ve and 62 patients(67%) were HBe Ag-negative. Complete virological suppression was achieved by 45/65(71%) patients at 12 mo, 37/46(80%) at 24 mo and 25/28(89%) at 36 mo. Partial virological response(HBV DNA 20-2000 IU/m L) was achieved by 89/92(96.7%) of patients. Multivariate analysis showed a significant relationship between virological suppression at end of follow-up and baseline HBV DNA level(OR = 0.897, 95%CI: 0.833-0.967, P = 0.0046) and HBe Ag positive status(OR = 0.373, 95%CI: 0.183-0.762, P = 0.0069). There was no difference in response comparing treatment-na?ve and treatment-experienced patients. Three episodes of virological breakthrough occurred in the setting of noncompliance. Tenofovir therapy was well tolerated.CONCLUSION Tenofovir is an efficacious, safe and well-tolerated treatment in an Australian real-world tertiary care setting. Our data are similar to the reported experience from registration trials. | Grace C Lovett Tin Nguyen David M Iser Jacinta A Holmes Robert Chen Barbara Demediuk Gideon Shaw Sally J Bell Paul V Desmond Alexander J Thompson | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，1： | 7 |
| 9 | Osteoprotegerin: A Novel Secreted Protein Involved in the Regulation of Bone Density显示文摘 | W.S Simonet D.L Lacey C.R Dunstan M Kelley M.-S Chang R Lüthy H.Q Nguyen S Wooden L Bennett T Boone G Shimamoto M DeRose R Elliott A Colombero H.-L Tan G Trail J Sullivan E Davy N Bucay L Renshaw-Gegg T.M Hughes D Hill W Pattison P Campbell S Sander G Van | 1997 | Cell1997，，2： | 6 |
| 10 | Optimizing hepatitis C virus treatment through pharmacist interventions: Identification and management of drug-drug interactions显示文摘AIM To quantify drug-drug-interactions(DDIs) encountered in patients prescribed hepatitis C virus(HCV) treatment, the interventions made, and the time spent in this process.METHODS As standard of care, a clinical pharmacist screened for DDIs in patients prescribed direct acting antiviral(DAA) HCV treatment between November 2013 and July 2015 at the University of Colorado Hepatology Clinic. HCV regimens prescribed included ledipasvir/sofosbuvir(LDV/SOF), paritaprevir/ritonavir/ombitasvir/dasabuvir(OBV/PTV/r + DSV), simeprevir/sofosbuvir (SIM/SOF), and sofosbuvir/ribavirin (SOF/RBV). This retrospective analysis reviewed the work completed by the clinical pharmacist in order to measure the aims identified for the study. The number and type of DDIs identified were summarized with descriptive statistics.RESULTS Six hundred and sixty four patients(83.4% Caucasian, 57% male, average 56.7 years old) were identified; 369 for LDV/SOF, 48 for OBV/PTV/r + DSV, 114 for SIM/SOF, and 133 for SOF/RBV. Fifty-one point five per cent of patients were cirrhotic. Overall, 5217 medications were reviewed (7.86 medications per patient) and 781 interactions identified (1.18 interactions per patient). The number of interactions were fewest for SOF/RBV (0.17 interactions per patient) and highest for OBV/PTV/r + DSV (2.48 interactions per patient). LDV/SOF and SIM/SOF had similar number of interactions (1.28 and 1.48 interactions per patient, respectively). Gastric acid modifiers and vitamin/herbal supplements commonly caused interactions with LDV/SOF. Hypertensive agents, analgesics, and psychiatric medications frequently caused interactions with OBV/PTV/r + DSV and SIM/SOF. To manage these interactions, the pharmacists most often recommended discontinuing the medication (28.9%), increasing monitoring for toxicities (24.1%), or separating administration times (18.2%). The pharmacist chart review for each patient usually took approximately 30 min, with additional time for more complex patients. CONCLUSION DDIs are common with HCV medications and management can require medication adjustments and increased monitoring. An interdisciplinary team including a clinical pharmacist can optimize patient care. | Jacob A Langness Matthew Nguyen Amanda Wieland Gregory T Everson Jennifer J Kiser | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，9： | 5 |
| 11 | 越南传统医药概况显示文摘传统医药在越南的医疗卫生系统中发挥着重要作用。越南传统医药(VTM)是以东方哲学和康复理论为基础的,其受到中医药的巨大影响,但是有一定程度的差异。VTM大多不是以科学证据为基础的临床视角看问题,而是基于草药多年使用经验提供的亚临床数据。为了提高用药安全性,传统草药的不良反应和相互作用的研究十分必要。越南政府十分支持传统医药的深入科学研究及其与西药之间的联用。现从VTM的历史进程、规范管理、与中药的对比、哲学背景等方面进行概述。 | Herman J Woerdenbag Tuyen Manh Nguyen Dien Van Vu | 2013 | 亚太传统医药2013，9，11： | 3 |
| 12 | Laparoscopic resection of gastrointestinal stromal tumors:Does laparoscopic surgery provide an adequate oncologic resection?显示文摘Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are rare tumors of the GI tract.Surgical resection remains the mainstay of non-metastatic disease.However,the ability to provide an adequate oncologic resection using laparoscopic surgery is still an area of debate.This is a thorough review of the current literature,looking particularly at the use of laparoscopic surgery for larger GISTs and the long-term oncologic outcomes compared to the results of open surgery.Laparoscopic resections provide an adequate oncologic result for GISTs of all sizes,including those greater than 5 cm in size. | Joseph J Kim James Y Lim Scott Q Nguyen | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，9： | 3 |
| 13 | Proximal gastric response to small intestinal nutrients is abnormal in mechanically ventilated critically ill patients显示文摘瞄准:在非常有病的病人决定近似的胃的反应到小肠的营养素。方法:近似胃的活动性在 13 个非常有病的病人被测量(49.3 +/- 4.7 年) 并且 12 个健康志愿者(27.7 +/- 2.9 年) 用一种 barostat 技术。记录在基线被执行,在 60-min 期间 intra 十二指肠的注入保证(2 kcal/min ) ,并且为跟随注入的 2 h。最小的扩张压力(MDP ) , intra 袋子体积和底的波浪活动是坚定的。结果:MDP 在病人是更高的(11.7 +/- 1.1 对 7.8 +/- 0.7 毫米汞柱;P <
0.01 ) 。基线 intra 袋子体积在 2 个组是类似的。在健康题目,一“双性人形式”近似胃的体积反应被观察。在病人,近似胃的体积的起始的增加小、推迟,但是最后到达了类似于健康题目的最大的体积。在健康题目,近似胃的体积很快在滋养的注入以后回到了基线水平(中部 18 min ) 。相反,到基线的体积的恢复在非常有病的病人被推迟(中部 106 min ) 。在 6 个病人,体积没在滋养的注入以后回到基线水平 2 小时。在病人,底的体积波浪是不太经常的(P <
0.05 ) 并且有的更低的振幅(P <
0.001 ) ,与健康题目相比。结论:在重病,对小肠的滋养的刺激的近似胃的马达回答是反常的。 | Nam Q Nguyen Robert J Fraser Marianne Chapman Laura K Bryant Richard H Holloway Rosalie Vozzo Christine Feinle-Bisset | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，27： | 3 |
| 14 | Proximal gastric motility in critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘AIM: To investigate the proximal gastric motor response to duodenal nutrients in critically ill patients with long- standing type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Proximal gastric motility was assessed (using a barostat) in 10 critically ill patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (59 ± 3 years) during two 60-min duodenal infusions of Ensure? (1 and 2 kcal/min), in random order, separated by 2 h fasting. Data were compared with 15 non-diabetic critically ill patients (48 ± 5 years) and 10 healthy volunteers (28 ± 3 years). RESULTS: Baseline proximal gastric volumes were similar between the three groups. In diabetic patients, proximal gastric relaxation during 1 kcal/min nutrient infusion was similar to non-diabetic patients and healthy controls. In contrast, relaxation during 2 kcal/ min infusion was initially reduced in diabetic patients (P < 0.05) but increased to a level similar to healthy humans, unlike non-diabetic patients where relaxation was impaired throughout the infusion. Duodenal nutrient stimulation reduced the fundic wave frequency in a dose-dependent fashion in both the critically ill diabetic patients and healthy subjects, but not in critically ill patients without diabetes. Fundic wave frequency in diabetic patients and healthy subjects was greater than in non-diabetic patients. CONCLUSION: In patients with diabetes mellitus, proximal gastric motility is less disturbed than non- diabetic patients during critical illness, suggesting that these patients may not be at greater risk of delayed gastric emptying. | Nam Q Nguyen Robert J Fraser Laura K Bryant Marianne Chapman Richard H Holloway | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，2： | 3 |
| 15 | IL 28 B genotype is not useful for predicting treatment outcome in A sian chronic hepatitis B patients treated with pegylated interferon‐α显示文摘 | Jacinta A Holmes Tin Nguyen Dilip Ratnam Neel M Heerasing Jane V Tehan Sara Bonanzinga Anouk Dev Sally Bell Stephen Pianko Robert Chen Kumar Visvanathan Rachel Hammond David Iser Ferry Rusli William Sievert Paul V Desmond D Scott Bowden Alexander J Thomps | 2013 | J Gastroenterol Hepatol2013，，5： | 2 |
| 16 | Pallidotomy:a survey of current practice in North America显示文摘 | Taha JM Nguyen TT | 1996 | Neurosurgery1996，39，4： | 1 |
| 17 | In vitro and in vivo mutational analysis of the 3'terminal regions of hepatitis e virus genomes and replicons显示文摘 | Graft J Nguyen H Kasorndorkbua C | 2005 | J Virol2005，79，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Effects of high-temperature annealing on the dielectric function of Ta2O5 films observed by spectroscopic eUipsometry 显示文摘 | Nguyen N V Richter C A Cho Y J | 2000 | Applied Physics Letters2000，77，： | 1 |
| 19 | Multi-aspect target detection for SAR imagery using hidden Markov models 显示文摘 | Runkle P Nguyen L H McClellan J H | 2001 | IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing Science2001，39，1： | 1 |
| 20 | The impact of delaying en- teral feeding on gastric emptying, plasma cholecystokinin, and pep- tide YY concentrations in critically ill patients显示文摘 | Nguyen NQ Fraser R J Bryant LK | 2008 | Crit Care Med2008，36，5： | 1 |
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