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| 1 | Histological Subtypes of Lung Cancer in Chinese Males from 2000 to 2012显示文摘Objective To characterize the histological and epidemiological features of male lung cancer patients in China. Methods The demographic and histological information about male lung cancer patients identified from 2000-01-01 to 2012-12-31,was collected from the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Relative frequencies(RF) were estimated for major histological subtypes and compared according to the years of diagnosis and birth. Results The RF of adenocarcinoma(ADC) increased from 21.96% to 43.36% and the RF of squamous cell carcinoma(SCC) decreased from 39.11% to 32.23% from 2000 to 2012 in the 15 427 male lung cancer patients included in this study(Z=17.909,P<0.0001; Z=-6.117,P<0.0001). The RF of ADC increased from 28.72% in 2000-2004,36.88% in 2005-2008 to 48.61% in 2009-2012 in patients born after 1960. The age-adjusted RF of ADC in 2007-2012 increased consistently in all the investigated areas. Conclusion The increased RF of ADC in male lung cancer patients highlights the need for further investigation of the etiologic factors of these tumors. Smoke-free policies rather than modifying tobacco products should be enforced. | ZOU Xiao Nong LIN Dong Mei WAN Xia CHAO Ann FENG Qin Fu DAI Zhen YANG Gong Huan LV Ning | 2014 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2014，27，1： | 19 |
| 2 | Effectiveness of Different Waist Circumference Cut-off Values in Predicting Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence and Risk Factors in Adults in China显示文摘Objective To study the effectiveness of waist circumference cut-off values in predicting the prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MetS) and risk factors in adults in China. Methods A cross-sectional survey was condcuted in 14 provinces(autonomous region, municipality) in China. A total of 47 325 adults aged ≥20 years were selected by multistage stratified sampling, and questionnaire survey and physical and clinical examination were conducted among them. MetS was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation(IDF) criteria and modified IDF criteria.Results The age-standardized prevalence of MetS was 24.2%(22.1% in men and 25.8% in women) and 19.5%(22.1% in men and 18.0% in women) according to the IDF criteria and modified IDF criteria respectively. The age-standardized prevalence of pre-MetS was 8.1%(8.6% in men and 7.8% in women) according to the modified IDF criteria. The prevalence of MetS was higher in urban residents than rural residents and in northern China residents than in southern China residents. The prevalence of central obesity was about 30% in both men and women according to the ethnicity-specific cut-off values of waist circumference for central obesity(90 cm for men and 85 cm for women). Multivariate regression analysis revealed no significant difference in risk factors between the two MetS definitions. Conclusion Using both the modified IDF criteria and ethnicity-specific cut-off values of waist circumference can provide more useful information about the prevalence of MetS in China. | ZHOU Hai Cheng LAI Ya Xin SHAN Zhong Yan JIA Wei Ping YANG Wen Ying LU Ju Ming WENG Jian Ping JI Li Nong LIU Jie TIAN Hao Ming JI Qiu He ZHU Da Long CHEN Li GUO Xiao Hui ZHAO Zhi Gang Li Qiang ZHOU Zhi Guang GE Jia Pu SHAN Guang Liang | 2014 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2014，27，5： | 17 |
| 3 | Fourth C hinese National Consensus Report on the management of H elicobacter pylori infection显示文摘 | Wen Zhong Liu Yong Xie Hong Cheng Nong Hua Lu Fu Lian Hu Wan Dai Zhang Li Ya Zhou Ye Chen Zhi Rong Zeng Chong Wen Wang Shu Dong Xiao Guo Zong Pan Pin Jin Hu | 2013 | Journal of Digestive Diseases2013，，5： | 9 |
| 4 | High-performance computing environment: a review of twenty years of experiments in China显示文摘A high-performance computing environment, also known as a supercomputing environment, e-Science environment or cyberinfrastructure, is a crucial system that connects users' applications to supercomputers,and provides usability, eiciency, sharing, and collaboration capabilities. his review presents important lessons drawn from China's nationwide eforts to build and use a high-performance computing environment over the past 20 years(1995–2015), including three observations and two open problems. We present evidence that such an environment helps to grow China's nationwide supercomputing ecosystem by orders of magnitude, where a loosely coupled architecture accommodates diversity. An important open problem is why technology for global networked supercomputing has not yet become as widespread as the Internet or Web. In the next 20 years, high-performance computing environments will need to provide zetalops computing capability and 10 000 times beter energy eiciency, and support seamless human-cyber-physical ternary computing. | Zhiwei Xu Xuebin Chi Nong Xiao | 2016 | National Science Review2016，3，1： | 8 |
| 5 | P3Stor: A parallel, durable flash-based SSD for enterprise-scale storage systems显示文摘Driven by data-intensive applications, flash-based solid state drives (SSDs) have become increasingly popular in enterprise-scale storage systems. Flash memory exhibits inherent parallelism. However, existing solid state drives have not fully exploited this superiority. We propose P3Stor, a parallel solid state storage architecture that makes full use of flash memory by utilizing module- and bus-level parallelisms to increase average bandwidth and employing chip-level interleaving to hide I/O latency. To improve the bandwidth utilization of traditional interface protocols (e.g., SATA), P3Stor adopts PCI-E interface to support concurrent transactions. Based on the proposed parallel architecture, we design a lazy flash translation layer (LazyFTL) to manage the address space. The proposed LazyFTL adopts flexible super page-level mapping scheme to support multi-level parallelisms. It is able to distinguish hot data from cold data, and hot data identification enables LazyFTL to direct hot and cold data to separate physical blocks, which reduces page migrations when reclaiming blocks. As garbage collector migrates fewer valid pages, write amplification is significantly reduced, which in turn helps to extend the life span. Moreover, LazyFTL rarely triggers wear-leveling process. The lazy wear-leveling mechanism protects users' requests from being disrupted by background operations. With the guidance of hot data identification, an intelligent write buffer is used to reduce program operations to flash chips. This is meaningful in extending P3Stor's life span. The performance evaluation using trace-driven simulations and theoretical analysis shows that P3Stor achieves high performance and its life span is more than doubled. | XIAO Nong , CHEN ZhiGuang, LIU Fang, LAI MingChe & AN LongFei Department of Computer Science, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China | 2011 | Science China(Information Sciences)2011，54，6： | 7 |
| 6 | Efficacy of structured education in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receiving insulin treatment (结构化教育对接受胰岛素治疗的2型糖尿病患者的效果)显示文摘 | Xiao Hui Guo Li Nong Ji Ju Ming Lu Jie Liu Qing Qing Lou Jing Liu Li Shen Ming Xia Zhang Xiao Feng Lv Ming Jun Gu | 2014 | Journal of Diabetes2014，，4： | 5 |
| 7 | A scalable code dissemination protocol in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks显示文摘Code dissemination is currently a major research issue in wireless sensor networks (WSNs).Many studies focus on code dissemination in homogeneous WSNs,mainly using a broadcast approach to solve this problem;few studies on code dissemination in heterogeneous WSNs.Furthermore,broadcasting cannot readily be used to solve the heterogenous WSN code dissemination problem directly,which is where we have focused our attention.We transformed this problem into a minimum non-leaf nodes (MNN) Steiner tree problem.We designed a scalable multicast protocol,named Heterogeneous Sensor Networks Scalable Reprogramming Protocol (HSR) to solve the MNN problem.HSR can build different multicast trees according to different nodes or code modules to disseminate different codes to them.HSR is able to approximate the MNN tree problem to a ratio of ln|R| (R is the set of all destinations) best known lowest bound.Therefore,the communication cost is significantly decreased and the total energy required by WSNs is reduced.We further designed two scalable schemes,special routing log and hops-restricted local broadcast,which compress the multicast tree information and deliver the multicast messages without loss.We also designed a 3-stage pipeline to speed up the transmission of packets,which alleviated interference and hidden terminal issues.We evaluated our design through comprehensive simulations and prototype implementations on Mica2 motes.Experimental results demonstrate that HSR outperforms previous protocols including the most recent studies on Sprinkler and uCast. | PENG ShaoLiang LI ShanShan LIAO XiangKe PENG YuXing XIAO Nong | 2012 | Science China(Information Sciences)2012，55，6： | 5 |
| 8 | Germline promoter hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes in gastric cancer显示文摘AIM: To explore germline hypermethylation of the tumor suppressor genes MLH1, CDH1 and P16INK4a in suspected cases of hereditary gastric cancer (GC). METHODS: A group of 140 Chinese GC patients in whom the primary cancer had developed before the age of 60 or who had a familial history of cancer were screened for germline hypermethylation of the MLH1, CDH1 and P16INK4a tumor suppressor genes. GenomicDNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes and modified by sodium bisulfite. The treated DNA was then subjected to bisulfi te DNA sequencing for a specif ic region of the MLH1 promoter. The methylation status of CDH1 or P16INK4a was assayed using methylation-specif ic PCR. Clonal bisulf ite allelic sequencing in positive samples was performed to obtain a comprehensive analysis of the CpG island methylation status of these promoter regions. RESULTS: Methylation of the MLH1 gene promoter was detected in the peripheral blood DNA of only 1/140 (0.7%) of the GC patient group. However, this methylation pattern was mosaic rather than the allelic pattern which has previously been reported for MLH1 in hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC) patients. We found that 10% of the MLH1 alleles in the peripheral blood DNA of this patient were methylated, consistent with 20% of cells having one methylated allele. No germline promoter methylation of the CDH1 or P16INK4a genes was detected. CONCLUSION: Mosaic germline epimutation of the MLH1 gene is present in suspected hereditary GC patients in China but at a very low level. Germline epimutation of the CDH1 or P16INK4a gene is not a frequent event. | Pu-Yuan Wu Zheng Zhang Jing-Mei Wang Wen-Wen Guo Nong Xiao Qiong He Ya-Ping Wang Yi-Mei Fan | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，1： | 4 |
| 9 | ISORHYNCHOPHYLLIC ACID,A NEW AIKALOID FROM UNCARIA SINENSIS显示文摘From the hook of Uncaria sinensis, a new alkaloid, isorhynchophyllicacid was isolated and its structure was elucidated by spectral data and chemicalreaction. | Hong Mei LIU Xiao Zhang FENG Yang LU Qi Tai ZHENG Institetu of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050 | 1992 | Chinese Chemical Letters1992，3，6： | 4 |
| 10 | Comparison of two methods for detection of fecal indicator bacteria used in water quality monitoring of the Three Gorges Reservoir显示文摘Scientifically sound methods to rapidly measure fecal indicator bacteria are important to ensure safe water for drinking and recreational purposes.A total of 200 water samples obtained from the Three Gorges Reservoir during three successive one-year study periods(October 2009 to September 2012) were analyzed using multiple-tube fermentation(MTF)and most probable numbers combined with polymerase chain reaction(MPN–PCR).The MPN–PCR method was found to be significantly more sensitive than the MTF method for detecting Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp.,and of equal sensitivity for detecting total coliforms when all surface water samples were grouped together.The two analytical methods had a strong,significant relationship,but MPN–PCR took only 12–18 hr,compared with the 3–8 days needed using the MTF method.Bacterial concentrations varied per sampling site but were significantly lower in the mainstream of the Yangtze River than those in the backwater areas of tributaries.The water quality of 85.8% of water samples from the mainstream was suitable for use as a centralized potable water source,while the water quality of 52.5% of water samples from the backwater areas was unsuitable for recreational activities.Relationships between fecal indicator bacteria showed significant correlation(r = 0.636–0.909,p < 0.01,n = 200),while a weak but significant correlation was found between fecal indicators and water turbidity,water temperature,daily inflow,and total dissolved solids(r = 0.237–0.532,p < 0.05,n = 200).The study indicated that MPN–PCR is a rapid and easily performed deoxyribonucleic acid(DNA)-based method for quantitative detection of viable total coliforms,E.coli,and Enterococcus spp.in surface water. | Zhaodan Wang Guosheng Xiao Nong Zhou Wenhua Qi Lin Han Yu Ruan Dongqin Guo Hong Zhou | 2015 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2015，27，12： | 4 |
| 11 | The Synthesis of Hexamethyl Ether of Salvianolic Acid A Benzyl Ester显示文摘TheSynthesisofHexamethylEtherofSalvianolicAcidABenzylEsterYanZHUANG;ZongRuGUO;GuangZhongYANG;XiaoTianLIANG(InstituteofMateria... | Yan ZHUANG Zong Ru GUO Guang Zhong YANG Xiao Tian LIANG(Institute of Materia Medica.Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050) | 1996 | Chinese Chemical Letters1996，7，10： | 2 |
| 12 | A multicenter retrospective cohort study of ketogenic diet therapy in 481 children with infantile spasms显示文摘Background:Ketogenic diet(KD)therapy is one of the main treatments for drug-resistant epilepsy.However,the KD therapy has been applied in only a small number of infantile spasm cases.In this large multicenter study,we investigated the efficacy of KD therapy in the treatment of infantile spasms.Methods:In this retrospective,multicenter cohort study,clinical data from main epilepsy centers were analyzed.Patients were classified into different groups according to age,type of drug and whether glucocorticoid was used before initiation of KD.Results:From October 2014 to March 2020,481 patients(308 males and 173 females)with infantile spasms were treated with the KD therapy.The age of the patients ranged from 2 months to 20 years,with a mean age of 1 year and 10 months.The number of anti-seizure medications(ASMs)used before KD initiation ranged 0-6,with a median of 3.In different time from initiation(1,3,6,and 12 months),the rates of seizure freedom after KD were 6.9,11.6;16.0 and 16.8%,respectively(x^(2)=27.1772,P<0.0001).There was a significant difference in the rate of seizure freedom between 3 months and 1 month(x^(2)=6.5498,P=0.0105)groups,and 6 months and 3 months(x^(2)=3.8478,P=0.0498)groups,but not between 12 months and 6 months(x^(2)=0.1212,P=0.7278)groups.The rates of effectiveness were 44.7;62.8,49.1 and 32.0%(x^(2)=93.2674,P<0.0001),respectively.The retention rates were 94.0,82.5,55.7 and 33.1%(x^(2)=483.7551,P<0.0001),correspondingly.The rate of effectiveness and the retention rate of KD were significantly different among the 1,3,6 and 12 months.KD treatment was the first choice in 25 patients(5.2%),55 patients(11.4%)started KD after the failure of the first ASM,158 patients(32.8%)started KD after the failure of the second ASM,157 patients(32.6%)started KD after the failure of the third drug,and 86 patients(17.9%)started KD after the failure of the fourth and more.The KD effect was not related to the number of ASMs used before KD startup(P>0.05).Two hundred and eighteen patients(45.3%)failed to respond to corticotropin or glucocorticoid before initiation.There was no significant difference in the effectiveness rate at different time points between the group of KD therapy after glucocorticoid failure and the group after non-hormone failure (x^(2)=0.8613,P=0.8348).The rate of adverse events of KD in 1,3,6,and 12 months after KD initiation were 22.3,21.7,16.8 and 6.9%,respectively.The adverse events mainly occurred during the first 3 months of KD,and the main adverse events were gastrointestinal disturbance and constipation.Conclusions:The efficacy of the KD treatment for infantile spasms was not affected by age,medication,and glucocorticoid use before initiation.KD is one of the effective treatments for infantile spasms. | Yuanzhen Ye Dan Sun Hua Li Jianmin Zhong Rong Luo Baomin Li Dengna Zhu Dan Li Shaoping Huang Yuwu Jiang Nong Xiao Yucai Chen Yuqin Zhang Mei Yu Xiaoyun Shen Li Gao Guo Zheng Congmin Zhao Baoqiang Yuan Jianxiang Liao Jiong Qin CAAE KD group | 2022 | Acta Epileptologica2022，5，1： | 2 |
| 13 | Novel CDH1 germline mutations identified in Chinese gastric cancer patients显示文摘AIM:To give a comprehensive report of E-cadheringene (CDH1) variations in a population at a high risk for gastric cancer (GC).METHODS:The samples consisted of 178 men and 58 women with a mean age of 62.3 ± 9.4 years and an age range of 30-84 years.A total of 240 cancerfree controls were recruited (mean age of 61.8 ± 10.1 years,age range of 26-82 years).Samples were screened for CDH1 germline mutations by high-resolution melting analysis or directly sequencing.Luciferase reporter assay,RNA splicing assay and bioinformatic analysis were used to evaluate the effect of mutations.RESULTS:Four novel CDH1 sequence alterations were identified in GC patients including a G>T transition 49 bp before the start codon;a three-nucleotide deletion,c.44_46del TGC;one missense mutation,c.604G>A (V202I);and one variation in the intron,c.1320+7A>G.In addition,polymorphism frequencies were observed for CDH1-164delT,-161C>A,-73A>C,c.48+6C>T,c.48+62_48+63delinsCGTGCCCCAGCCC,c.894C>T (A298A),c.1224G>A (A408A),c.1888C>G (L630V),c.2076T>C (A692A),and c.2253C>T (N751N) which is similar to the data reported in http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/SNP/.RNA splicing analysis suggested that the c.1320+7A>G and c.1224G>A variations did not affect exon splicing ability.Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that the c.-49T variation might be helpful for E-cadherin transcription,though the increase in transcription activity is limited (only 33%).SIFT score and PolyPhen analysis both demonstrated that the L630V missense mutation probably damages protein function,while the V202I variant does not.CONCLUSION:This study reveals novel mutations in sporadic GC patients which had been poorly investigated for susceptibility genes. | Qin-Hua Chen Wei Deng Xiao-Wei Li Xiu-Fang Liu Jing-Mei Wang Li-Feng Wang Nong Xiao Qiong He Ya-Ping Wang Yi-Mei Fan | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，6： | 2 |
| 14 | Triterpenoids from Fuscoporia obliqua显示文摘Two new lanosta triterpenoids, 3β,22α -dihydroxy-lanosta-8,24E-diene-25-peroxide, 3β,22α,25-trihydroxy lanosta-8,24E-diene were isolated from the petroleum ether extracts of Fuscoporia obliqua and their structures had been determined by spectral data, chemical method and X-ray crystallographic analysis. | Jian HE Xiao zhang FENG Bin ZHAO Yang LU (Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College,1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050) | 2000 | Chinese Chemical Letters2000，11，1： | 2 |
| 15 | Effects of ephedrine on expression of Nogo-A and synaptophysin in neonatal rats following hypoxic-ischemic brain damage显示文摘BACKGROUND: Central nervous system axons regenerate poorly following neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD), partly due to inhibitors, such as Nogo-A. Very few studies have addressed the regulation of Nogo-A in neonatal rats following HIBD. However, numerous studies have shown that ephedrine accelerates neuronal remodeling and promotes recovery of neural function in neonatal rats following HIBD. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of ephedrine on expression of Nogo-A and synaptophysin in brain tissues of neonatal rats following HIBD. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A completely randomized, controlled study was performed at the Immunohistochemistry Laboratory of the Research Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from August 2008 to March 2009. MATERIALS: Ephedrine hydrochloride (Chifeng Pharmaceutical Group, China), rabbit anti-Nogo-A polyclonal antibody (Abcam, UK), and rabbit antisynaptophysin polyclonal antibody (Lab Vision, USA) were used in this study. METHODS: A total of 96 healthy, neonatal, Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 32): sham operation, HIBD, and ephedrine. The HIBD model was established by permanent occlusion of the left common carotid artery, followed by 2 hours of hypoxia (8% oxygen and 92% nitrogen). In the sham operation group, the left common carotid artery was exposed, but was not ligated or subjected to hypoxia. Rats in the ephedrine group were intraperitoneally injected with ephedrine immediately following HIBD, with 1.5 mg/kg each time. Rats in the sham operation and HIBD groups were injected with an equal volume of saline. All neonatal rats were treated once daily for 7 days. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Histopathological damage to the cortex and hippocampus was determined by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Expression of Nogo-A and synaptophysin was detected using immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS: Neuronal degeneration and edema were observed in the hypoxic-ischemic cortex and hippocampus by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Compared with the sham operation group, the levels of Nogo-A significantly increased in the HIBD group at various time points (P < 0.01). Nogo-A expression was significantly reduced in the ephedrine group compared with the HIBD group (P < 0.01). Synaptophysin expression was significantly decreased in the hypoxic-ischemic cortex, compared with the sham operation group (P < 0.01). Synaptophysin levels were significantly increased in the ephedrine group, compared with the HIBD group (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Altered Nogo-A expression was associated with inversely altered synaptophysin expression. The use of ephedrine normalized expression levels of Nogo-A and synaptophysin following HIBD. | Siyuan Chen Nong Xiao Xiaoping Zhang | 2010 | Neural Regeneration Research2010，5，1： | 2 |
| 16 | Azo dye removal from aqueous solution by organic-inorganic hybrid dodecanoie acid modified layered Mg-A1 hydrotalcite显示文摘 | NONG Lan Ping XIAO Cheng Liang JIANG Wei | 2011 | Korean J Chem Eng2011，28，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Dual queues cache replacement algorithm based on sequentiality detection显示文摘Caching is one of the most eective and commonly used mechanisms to improve performance of storage servers.Replacement policies play a critical role in the cache design due to the limited cache capacity.Recent researchers devote themselves to achieve high hit ratios,but rarely pay attention to reducing miss penalty during the design of a replacement policy.To address the issue,this paper presents a novel algorithm,called dual queues cache replacement algorithm based on sequentiality detection,which prefers to drop sequential blocks and protect random blocks.The buer cache can serve more subsequent random read requests,so the cache miss penalty could be decreased significantly.Moreover,the algorithm makes use of two queues separately maintaining new blocks and old blocks to avoid the degradation of hit ratios.Our trace-driven simulation results show that it performs better than LRU and ARC for a wide range of cache sizes and workloads. | XIAO Nong ZHAO YingJie LIU Fang CHEN ZhiGuang | 2012 | Science China(Information Sciences)2012，55，1： | 1 |
| 18 | High level of IL ‐27 positively correlated with Th17 cells may indicate liver injury in patients infected with HBV显示文摘 | Geng‐Lin Zhang Dong‐Ying Xie Yi‐Nong Ye Chao‐Shuang Lin Xiao‐Hong Zhang Yu‐Bao Zheng Zhan‐Lian Huang Liang Peng Zhi‐Liang Gao | 2014 | Liver Int2014，，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Cross-sectional surveys and subtype classification of human Blastocystis isolates from four epidemiological settings in China显示文摘 | Lan Hua Li Xiao Ping Zhang Shan Lv Ling Zhang Hisao Yoshikawa Zhiliang Wu Peter Steinmann Jürg Utzinger Xiao Mei Tong Shao Hong Chen Xiao Nong Zhou | 2007 | Parasitology Research2007，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Assimilation of Doppler Radar Observation with a regional 3DVAR system: Impact of Doppler velocities on forecasts of a heavy rainfall case 显示文摘 | Xiao Qing Nong Kuo Ying-Hwa Sun Juanzhen | 2005 | J Appl Mereor2005，44，： | 1 |
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