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| 1 | Stem cell therapy for the treatment of Leydig cell dysfunction in primary hypogonadism显示文摘The production of testosterone occurs within the Leydig cells of the testes. When production fails at this level from either congenital, acquired, or systemic disorders,the result is primary hypogonadism. While numerous testosterone formulations have been developed, none are yet fully capable of replicating the physiological patterns of testosterone secretion. Multiple stem cell therapies to restore androgenic function of the testes are under investigation. Leydig cells derived from bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord, and the testes have shown promise for future therapy for primary hypogonadism. In particular, the discovery and utilization of a group of progenitor stem cells within the testes, known as stem Leydig cells(SLCs), has led not only to a better understanding of testicular development, but of treatment as well. When combining this with an understanding of the mechanisms that lead to Leydig cell dysfunction, researchers and physicians will be able to develop stem cell therapies that target the specific step in the steroidogenic process that is deficient. The current preclinical studies highlight the complex nature of regenerating this steroidogenic process and the problems remain unresolved. In summary, there appears to be two current directions for stem cell therapy in male primary hypogonadism. The first method involves differentiating adult Leydig cells from stem cells of various origins from bone marrow, adipose, or embryonic sources. The second method involves isolating, identifying, and transplanting stem Leydig cells into testicular tissue. Theoretically, in-vivo re-activation of SLCs in men with primary hypogonadism due to age would be another alternative method to treat hypogonadism while eliminating the need for transplantation. | Taylor C Peak Nora M Haney William Wang Kenneth J DeLay Wayne J Hellstrom | 2016 | World Journal of Stem Cells2016，8，10： | 5 |
| 2 | Study of 17 β-estradiol-5-benzoate, 17 α-methyltestosterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate fixation in bovine hair显示文摘 | LAURIANE R EMMANUELLE B NORA C | 2005 | Anal Chim Acta2005，532，2： | 1 |
| 3 | An Antifungal Tetrapeptide from the culture of Penicillium canescens 显示文摘 | Brenda V B Nora I P Gabriela M C | 2009 | Chem Biod2009，6，8： | 1 |
| 4 | HPLC residues of enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin in eggs of layings hens显示文摘 | NORA G ENRIQUE C LAURA U | 1997 | International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents1997，8，： | 1 |
| 5 | Nilpotent ideals in Lie and anti-Lie triple systems 显示文摘 | Nora C H | 1995 | Journal of Algebra1995，178，： | 1 |
| 6 | Nilpotent ideals in Lie and Anti-Lie Triple Systems显示文摘 | HOPKINS Nora C | 1995 | Journal of Algebra1995，178，： | 1 |
| 7 | Biopsy Method and Excision Volume Do Not Affect Success Rate of Subsequent Sentinel Lymph Node Dissection in Breast Cancer显示文摘 | Philip I. Haigh MD FRCS(C) Nora M. Hansen MD Karen Qi MS Armando E. Giuliano MD | 2000 | Annals of Surgical Oncology2000，，1： | 1 |
| 8 | On the derivation algebras of Lie module triple systems显示文摘 | HOPKINS Nora C | 1987 | Journal of Algebra1987，111，： | 1 |
| 9 | Cutting ege: IL-4 induces functional cell-surface expression of CXCR4 on human T cells显示文摘 | Jourdan P Abbal C Nora N Hori T Uchiyama T Vendrell JP | 1998 | J Immunol1998，160，： | 1 |
| 10 | Age and growth of the largemouth perch Percichthys colhuapiensis in the Negro River,Argentine Patagonia显示文摘 | Andrea L C Nora S | 2008 | Fisheries Research2008，92，： | 1 |
| 11 | Contribution of re combination to the evolution of human immunodeficieney viruses expressing resistance to antiretroviral treatment 显示文摘 | Nora T Charpentier C Tenaillon O | 2007 | J Virol2007，81，14： | 1 |
| 12 | Biomass and composition of the phytoplankton in the south eastern large-scale distribution and rela- tionship with environmental variables during a spring cruise 显示文摘 | Danilo C Monica G Nora G | 2005 | Cont Shelf Res2005，25，： | 1 |
| 13 | Multiloop controller designfor a quadratic converter with a single active switch显示文摘 | RAJAGOPALAN J LEE F C NORA P | 2007 | IET ElectronPower Applm2007，，3： | 1 |
| 14 | A comparative study on metal sorption by brown seaweed 显示文摘 | Martin T K T Cheung K C Nora F Y T | 2006 | Chemosphere2006，25，： | 1 |
| 15 | A systematic review of the psychometric properties of quality of life measures for school aged children with cerebral palsy显示文摘 | Staeey C Nora S Katherine Y | 2010 | BMC Pediatrics2010，81，10： | 1 |
| 16 | Aluminium electrowining the future显示文摘 | | 2000 | Aluminium2000，12，76： | 1 |
| 17 | A systematic review of the psychometric properties of quality of li measures for school aged children with cerebral palsy显示文摘 | Stacey C Nora S Katherine Y | 2010 | BMC Pediatrics2010，81，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Cleaning up contaminants with plants显示文摘 | JENNIFER C NORA G | 2005 | Biocycle2005，46，8： | 1 |
| 19 | On the derivation algebras of Lie module triple systems显示文摘 | | 1987 | Journal of Algebra1987，111，： | 1 |
| 20 | Nilpotent ideals in Lie and anti-Lie triple systems 显示文摘 | Nora C Hopkins | 1995 | J Algebra1995，178，： | 1 |
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