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| 1 | Mechanism for calcite dissolution and its contribution to development of reservoir porosity and permeability in the Kela 2 gas field,Tarim Basin,China显示文摘This study is undertaken to understand how calcite precipitation and dissolution contributes to depth-related changes in porosity and permeability of gas-bearing sandstone reservoirs in the Kela 2 gas field of the Tarim Basin, Northwestern China. Sandstone samples and pore water samples are col-lected from well KL201 in the Tarim Basin. Vertical profiles of porosity, permeability, pore water chem-istry, and the relative volume abundance of calcite/dolomite are constructed from 3600 to 4000 m below the ground surface within major oil and gas reservoir rocks. Porosity and permeability values are in-versely correlated with the calcite abundance, indicating that calcite dissolution and precipitation may be controlling porosity and permeability of the reservoir rocks. Pore water chemistry exhibits a sys-tematic variation from the Na2SO4 type at the shallow depth (3600-3630 m), to the NaHCO3 type at the intermediate depth (3630―3695 m),and to the CaCl2 type at the greater depth (3728―3938 m). The geochemical factors that control the calcite solubility include pH, temperature, pressure, Ca2+ concen-tration, the total inorganic carbon concentration (ΣCO2), and the type of pore water. Thermodynamic phase equilibrium and mass conservation laws are applied to calculate the calcite saturation state as a function of a few key parameters. The model calculation illustrates that the calcite solubility is strongly dependent on the chemical composition of pore water, mainly the concentration difference between the total dissolved inorganic carbon and dissolved calcium concentration (i.e., [ΣCO2] -[Ca2+]). In the Na2SO4 water at the shallow depth, this index is close to 0, pore water is near the calcite solubility. Calcite does not dissolve or precipitate in significant quantities. In the NaHCO3 water at the intermedi-ate depth, this index is greater than 0, and pore water is supersaturated with respect to calcite. Massive calcite precipitation was observed at this depth interval and this intensive cementation is responsible for decreased porosity and permeability. In the CaCl2 water at the greater depth, pore water is un-der-saturated with respect to calcite, resulting in dissolution of calcite cements, as consistent with microscopic dissolution features of the samples from this depth interval. Calcite dissolution results in formation of high secondary porosity and permeability, and is responsible for the superior quality of the reservoir rocks at this depth interval. These results illustrate the importance of pore water chemis-try in controlling carbonate precipitation/dissolution, which in turn controls porosity and permeability of oil and gas reservoir rocks in major sedimentary basins. | YU BingSong1,3, DONG HailLiang2,3 & RUAN Zhuang1,3 1 State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China 2 Department of Geology, Miami University,Oxford, OH 45056, USA 3 Geomicrobiology Laboratory, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083, China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，4： | 6 |
| 2 | Structural Applications of NiAl显示文摘Alloys based on NiAl offer significant payoffs as structural materials in gas turbine applications due to a unique range of physical and mechanical properties These properties include high melting temperature. low density. high thermal conductivity. and excellent environmental resistance Very significant improvements in the strength and ductility of NiAl single crystals have been achieved through alloying. Tensile strength and stress rupture properties which compete with current Ni-base Superalloys have been achieved through precipitation of an ordered L21 Heusler phase in NiAl single crystals Room temperature tensile ductility as high as 6% has been produced in NiAl single crystals containing less than 0.5% (atomic) of Fe. Ga or Mo. However. a single alloy with both room temperature ductility and sufficient high temperature strength has not yet been developed. While activity to develop on alloy with both high temperature strength and room temperature ductility continues. the Current approach also emphasizes design and test methodologies which can accept a material with limited ductility and damage tolerance More work is required on measuring and understanding strain rate sensitivity and impact behaviour While several significant challenges still remain. excellent progress has been made in many areas, and the prognosis for using NiAl alloys as high temperature structural materials is | R.Darolia(GE Aircraft Engines, 1 Neumann Way, Cincinnati, OH 45215, USA) | 1994 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology1994，10，3： | 4 |
| 3 | Plasma proGRP concentration is sensitive and specific for discriminating small cell lung cancer from nonmalignant conditions or non-small cell lung cancer显示文摘 | Kim H R Oh 1 J Shin M G | 2011 | J Korean Med Sci2011，26，5： | 1 |
| 4 | Design of axial/torque joint made by electromagnetic forming 显示文摘 | PARK Y B KIM H Y OH S 1 | 2005 | Thin-Walled Structures2005，43，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Risk factors for morbidity after pulmonary resection for lung cancer in younger and elderly patients 显示文摘 | Takamochi K Oh S Matsuoka 1 | 2011 | Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg2011，12，5： | 1 |
| 6 | B r a i n t u m o r i m a g i n g w i t h c a r b o n - 1 1c h o l i n e : c ompa r i s o n wi t h FDG P E T a n dgadolinium-enhanced MR imaging显示文摘 | Oh t a n i T Kur i h a r a H I s h i u c h i S e t a 1 | 2001 | Eur J NuclMed2001，28，11： | 1 |
| 7 | Relationship between polymor- phisms G-395A in promoter and C1818T in exon 4 of the Klotho gene with glucose metabolism and cardiovascular risk factors in Korean women显示文摘 | 1 Rhee E J Oh K W Yun E J | 2006 | J Endocrinol Invest2006，29，7： | 1 |
| 8 | Expression of harley HvCBF4 enhances tolerance to abiotic stress in transgenic rice显示文摘 | Oh S 1 Kwon C W Choi D W Song S I KimJ K | 2007 | Plant BiotechnologyJuurnal2007，5，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Nitric oxide plays a critical role in suppression of T-cell proliferation by mesenchymal stem cells 显示文摘 | Sato K Ozaki K Oh 1 | 2007 | blood2007，109，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Sim- ultaneous determination of synthetic phosphodies- terase-5 inhibitors found in a dietary supplement and pre-mixed bulk powders for dietary supple- ments using high-performance liquid chromatog- raphy with diode array detection and liquid chro- matography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry显示文摘 | ZOU P SZE-YIN OH S HOU P 1 | 2006 | Journal of Chromatography A2006，1104，： | 1 |
| 11 | Polysomnography methods and interpretations显示文摘 | 1,Rundell OH | 1990 | Otolaryngol Clin North Am1990，23，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Impact of speciation on CO2 capture performance using blended absorbent containing ammonia, trielhanolamine and 2-amino-2-methyl-I-propanol显示文摘 | Song H Y Jeon S B Jang S Y Lee S S Kang S 1( Oh K J | 2014 | Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering2014，31，7： | 1 |
| 13 | Synthesis of graphene nano-sheets using eco-friendly chemicals and microwave radiation 显示文摘 | SRIDHAR V JEON J H OH 1 K | 2010 | Carbon2010，48，： | 1 |
| 14 | Distal tibia metaphysical fractures treated by percutaneous plate osteosyn thesis显示文摘 | Oh CW Kyung HS Park IH eta 1 | 2003 | C 1 in Orthop Rel Res2003，，408： | 1 |
| 15 | Giant-stroke, superelastic carbon nanotube aerogel muscles显示文摘 | Aliev A E Oh 1 Kozlov M E | 2009 | Science2009，，320： | 1 |
| 16 | Cervical and oc- ular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials in acute vestibular neuritis显示文摘 | SHIN B S OH S Y KIM 1 S etaL | 2012 | Clin Neurophysiol2012，123，： | 1 |
| 17 | Distal spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy caused by dynactin mutation显示文摘 | Puls 1 Oh S J Sumner C J | 2005 | Ann Neurol2005，57，： | 1 |
| 18 | Small angle X-ray scattering studies on structures of alkylthiol stabilized-silver nanoparticles in solution 显示文摘 | LEE G W liN K S KIM J BAE J S YEUM 1 H REE M OH W | 2008 | Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing2008，91，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Qlomemlar SCOre as a prognosticatot in leA nephropathy:itsefuineand l imi:ation显示文摘 | Ka:afuchi g Kiyoshi Y Oh Y et a 1 | 2009 | Oiin Nephr 012009，49，8： | 1 |
| 20 | Identification of Nesfatin-1 as a satiety molecule in the hypothalamus 显示文摘 | Oh 1 S Shimizu H Satoh T | 2006 | Nature2006，443，7112： | 1 |
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