| 1 | Linking plant spatial aggregation with reproductive traits and near-source seed dispersal: ecological adaptation to heavy grazing显示文摘植物的生态适应策略一直备受生态学者的关注,然而很少有研究能够整体地、系统地揭示植物适应草食动物的生态过程。本研究以内蒙古荒漠草原建群种短花针茅为研究对象,分析了重度放牧和不放牧处理下短花针茅的繁殖个体性状、种子性状以及土壤种子库和种群空间格局。研究结果表明,生殖个体性状方面,生殖枝数量对营养枝数量有正向影响;土壤种子库方面,短花针茅生殖个体基部的土壤种子库中短花针茅密度显著高于旁边裸地土壤种子库中短花针茅的密度,且与种子性状和裸地土壤种子库显著负相关;在种群空间格局方面,重度放牧下短花针茅种群空间聚集分布。我们的结果认为在重度放牧处理下,生殖活动在短花针茅的资源分配中处于主导地位;短花针茅植物种群通过调控种子形态特征,采用就近扩散的生态策略,促进了幼年种群与成年种群在较小的尺度上空间正关联,从而形成“安全岛”。 | Wenting Liu Shixian Sun Chunping Zhang Shijie Lv Quanmin Dong | 2020 | Journal of Plant Ecology2020，13，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Immediate and long-term outcomes after treat-all among people living with HIV in China:an interrupted time series analysis显示文摘Background In 2003,China implemented free antiretroviral therapy(ART)for people living with HIV(PLHIV),establishing an eligibility threshold of CD4<200 cells/μl.Subsequently,the entry criteria were revised in 2012(eligibility threshold:CD4≤350 cells/μl),2014(CD4≤500 cells/μl),and 2016(treat-all).However,the impact of treat-all policy on HIV care and treatment indicators in China is unknown.We aimed to elucidate the immediate and long-term impact of the implementation of treat-all policy in China.Methods Anonymized programmatic data on ART initiation and collection in PLHIV who newly started ART were retrieved between 1 January 2015 and 31 December 2019,from two provincial and municipal Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and ten major infectious disease hospitals specialized in HIV care in China.We used Poisson and quasi-Poisson segmented regression models to estimate the immediate and long-term impact of treat-all on three key indicators:monthly proportion of 30-day ART initiation,mean CD4 counts(cells/μl)at ART initiation,and mean estimated time from infection to diagnosis(year).We built separate models according to gender,age,route of transmission and region.Results Monthly data on ART initiation and collection were available for 75,516 individuals[gender:83.8%males;age:median 39 years,interquartile range(IQR):28-53;region:18.5%Northern China,10.9%Northeastern China,17.5%Southern China,49.2%Southwestern China].In the first month of treat-all,compared with the contemporaneous counterfactual,there was a significant increase in proportion of 30-day ART initiation[+12.6%,incidence rate ratio(IRR)=1.126,95%CI:1.033-1.229;P=0.007]and mean estimated time from infection to diagnosis(+7.0%,IRR=1.070,95%CI:1.021-1.120;P=0.004),while there was no significant change in mean CD4 at ART initiation(IRR=0.990,95%CI:0.956-1.026;P=0.585).By December 2019,the three outcomes were not significantly different from expected levels.In the stratified analysis,compared with the contemporaneous counterfactual,mean CD4 at ART initiation showed significant increases in Northern China(+3.3%,IRR=1.033,95%CI:1.001-1.065;P=0.041)and Northeastern China(+8.0%,IRR=1.080,95%CI:1.003-1.164;P=0.042)in the first month of treat-all;mean estimated time from infection to diagnosis showed significant increases in male(+5.6%,IRR=1.056,95%CI:1.010-1.104;P=0.016),female(+14.8%,IRR=1.148,95%CI:1.062-1.240;P<0.001),aged 26-35(+5.3%,IRR=1.053,95%CI:1.001-1.109;P=0.048)and>50(+7.8%,IRR=1.078,95%CI:1.000-1.161;P=0.046),heterosexual transmission(+12.4%,IRR=1.124,95%CI:1.042-1.213;P=0.002)and Southwestern China(+12.9%,IRR=1.129,95%CI:1.055-1.208;P<0.001)in the first month of treat-all.Conclusions The implementation of treat-all policy in China was associated with a positive effect on HIV care and treatment outcomes.To advance the work of rapid ART,efforts should be made to streamline the testing and ART initiation process,provide comprehensive support services,and address the issue of uneven distribution of medical resources. | Xinsheng Wu Guohui Wu Ping Ma Rugang Wang Linghua Li Yinghui Sun Junjie Xu Yuwei Li Tong Zhang Quanmin Li Yuecheng Yang Lijing Wang Xiaoli Xin Ying Qiao Bingxue Fang Zhen Lu Xinyi Zhou Yuanyi Chen Qi Liu Gengfeng Fu Hongxia Wei Xiaojie Huang Bin Su Hui Wang Huachun Zou | 2023 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2023，12，4： | 0 |
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