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| 1 | 2020年后的贫困及反贫困:回顾、展望与建议显示文摘在脱贫攻坚战于2020年取得全面胜利之际,我国创造了世界减贫史上的最大成就。2020后,我国的贫困问题将由绝对贫困转向长期存在的相对贫困,制定2020后的反贫困策略,需要解决以下关键问题:关注贫困的动态性,对收入趋近于贫困线的脆弱群体予以更多支持;更好地理解相对贫困的概念,及其在我国城乡和不同区域之间形成的原因和具体呈现方式;核算设定与我国经济发展水平相匹配的贫困线,并以此作为消除相对贫困、促进社会团结的政策工具;从贫困群体的视角理解多维贫困,以更趋近贫困本质。 | 杨力超 Robert Walker | 2020 | 贵州社会科学2020，，2： | 26 |
| 2 | First-line endoscopic treatment with over-the-scope clips significantly improves the primary failure and rebleeding rates in high-risk gastrointestinal bleeding: A single-center experience with 100 cases显示文摘AIM To evaluate rebleeding, primary failure(PF) and mortality of patients in whom over-the-scope clips(OTSCs) were used as first-line and second-line endoscopic treatment(FLET, SLET) of upper and lower gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB, LGIB).METHODS A retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database identified all patients with UGIB and LGIB in a tertiary endoscopic referral center of the University of Freiburg, Germany, from 04-2012 to 05-2016(n= 93) who underwent FLET and SLET with OTSCs. The complete Rockall risk scores were calculated from patients with UGIB. The scores were categorized as < or ≥ 7 and were compared with the original Rockall data. Differences between FLET and SLET were calculated. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to evaluate the factors that influenced rebleeding after OTSC placement.RESULTS Primary hemostasis and clinical success of bleeding lesions(without rebleeding) was achieved in 88/100(88%) and 78/100(78%), respectively. PF was significantly lower when OTSCs were applied as FLET compared to SLET(4.9% vs 23%, P = 0.008). In multivariate analysis, patients who had OTSC placement as SLET had a significantly higher rebleeding risk compared to those who had FLET(OR 5.3; P = 0.008). Patients with Rockall risk scores ≥ 7 had a significantly higher in-hospital mortality compared to those with scores < 7(35% vs 10%, P = 0.034). No significant differences were observed in patients with scores < or ≥ 7 in rebleeding and rebleeding-associated mortality.CONCLUSION Our data show for the first time that FLET with OTSC might be the best predictor to successfully prevent rebleeding of gastrointestinal bleeding compared to SLET. The type of treatment determines the success of primary hemostasis or primary failure. | Hans-Jürgen Richter-Schrag Torben Glatz Christine Walker Andreas Fischer Robert Thimme | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，41： | 11 |
| 3 | 大堡礁和大峡谷世界遗产区的适应性管理显示文摘关于人类和环境相互关系的传统观念正在迅速改变。那种认为人类与自然是相互隔离的,自然资源是取之不尽用之不竭的,而且认为世界是稳定的、可以预测的并且是平衡的旧观点已经过时了。在动态的社会-生态景观中强调学习和灵活性管理为基础的适应性方法的新的理念框架已经迅速初现端倪。我们以两个典型的世界遗产地区(大堡礁和大峡谷)为案例来研究如何在自然资源管理中通过改善科学和社会两个方面的结合来指导多尺度管理系统的变革从而应对和处理人类越来越占据主导的世界中出现的不确定性、风险和变化。 | Terence P.Hughes Lance H.Gunderson Carl Folke Andrew H.Baird David Bellwood Fikret Berkes Beatrice Crona Ariella Helfgott Heather Leslie Jon Norberg Magnus Nystrm Per Olsson Henrik sterblom Marten Scheffer Heidi Schuttenberg Robert S.Steneck Maria Teng Max Troell Brian Walker James Wilson Boris Worm 丁莉 | 2007 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2007，36，B11： | 4 |
| 4 | 建立初级卒中中心的修订和更新意见来自脑卒中联盟的总结声明显示文摘背景和目的自从2000年脑卒中联盟发布首份关于建立初级卒中中心的推荐意见以来,初级卒中中心的组建和认证工作已出现迅速发展。本文的目的在于修订和更新我们关于初级卒中中心的推荐意见以反映最新资料和经验。方法我们使用MEDLINE和PubMed数据库回顾了相关文献(2000年3月至2011年1月),主要针对急性卒中的诊断、治疗和护理。如果发现有效且相关,同样对原始文献、汇总分析和其他治疗指南进行回顾并纳入分析。标明证据等级以反映当前指南发展的实际情况。结果基于文献回顾以及针对初级卒中中心的经验,一些要素的重要性已得到进一步的加强,同时增加了几个新的领域。这些内容包括:(1)急诊卒中团队的重要性;(2)配备遥测监控的卒中单元的重要性;(3)MRj和弥散加权序列进行脑成像的实施;(4)用磁共振血管成像或CT血管成像对脑血管系统进行评价;(5)心脏影像学检查;(6)康复治疗的早期启动;(7)由独立机构进行的认证,包括实地考察和疾病评价指标。结论基于上述证据,初级卒中中心的某些要素对于改善急性卒中患者的诊治特别重要。其他要素则集中于脑、脑血管系统和心脏的影像学检查。这些新的要素也许能改善在初级卒中中心接受诊治的卒中患者的治疗和转归。 | Mark J. Alberts Richard E. Latchaw Andy Jagoda Lawrence R Wechsler Todd Crocco Mary G. George E.S. Connolly Barbara Mancini Stephen Prudhomme Daryl Gress Mary E. Jensen Robert Bass Robert Ruff Kathy Foell Rocco A. Armonda Marian Emr Margo Warren Jim Baranski Michael D. Walker 黄志超(译) 张霞(译) 尤寿江(译) 曹勇军(译) 刘春风(译) | 2012 | 国际脑血管病杂志2012，20，7： | 3 |
| 5 | Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis显示文摘 | Robert E Black Simon Cousens Hope L Johnson Joy E Lawn Igor Rudan Diego G Bassani Prabhat Jha Harry Campbell Christa Fischer Walker Richard Cibulskis Thomas Eisele Li Liu Colin Mathers | 2010 | The Lancet2010，，9730： | 3 |
| 6 | Expression of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 by Pancreatic Stellate Cells and Its Implications for Matrix Secretion and Turnover in Chronic Pancreatitis显示文摘 | Fanny Wai-Tsing Shek Robert Christopher Benyon Fiona Mairi Walker Peter Raymond McCrudden Sylvia Lin Foon Pender Elizabeth Jean Williams Penelope Ann Johnson Colin David Johnson Adrian Calvin Bateman David Roger Fine John Peter Iredale | 2002 | The American Journal of Pathology2002，，5： | 2 |
| 7 | Measurements of Acute Cerebral Infarction: A Clinical Examination Scale显示文摘 | Thomas Brott Harold P. Adams Charles P. Olinger John R. Marler William G. Barsan José Biller Judith Spilker Renee Holleran Robert Eberle Vicki Hertzberg Marvin Rorick Charles J. Moomaw Michael Walker | 1989 | Stroke1989，，7： | 2 |
| 8 | Global, regional, and national causes of child mortality in 2008: a systematic analysis显示文摘 | Robert E Black Simon Cousens Hope L Johnson Joy E Lawn Igor Rudan Diego G Bassani Prabhat Jha Harry Campbell Christa Fischer Walker Richard Cibulskis Thomas Eisele Li Liu Colin Mathers | 2010 | The Lancet . 2010 (9730)2010，，： | 2 |
| 9 | Crystal structure of HLA-B*5801, a protective HLA allele for HIV-1 infection显示文摘 | Xiaolong Li Pedro A. Lamothe Robert Ng Shutong Xu Maikun Teng Bruce D. Walker Jia-huai wang | 2016 | Protein & Cell2016，7，10： | 2 |
| 10 | Increasing Detection and Increasing Incidence in Thyroid Cancer显示文摘 | Stephen F. Hall Hugh Walker Robert Siemens Amy Schneeberg | 2009 | World Journal of Surgery2009，，12： | 2 |
| 11 | Formation and Function of Acute Stroke–Ready Hospitals Within a Stroke System of Care Recommendations From the Brain Attack Coalition显示文摘 | Mark J. Alberts Lawrence R. Wechsler Mary E. Lee Jensen Richard E. Latchaw Todd J. Crocco Mary G. George James Baranski Robert R. Bass Robert L. Ruff Judy Huang Barbara Mancini Tammy Gregory Daryl Gress Marian Emr Margo Warren Michael D. Walker | 2013 | Stroke2013，，12： | 2 |
| 12 | Guidelines for Performing Ultrasound Guided Vascular Cannulation: Recommendations of the American Society of Echocardiography and the Society of Cardiovascular Anesthesiologists显示文摘 | Christopher A. Troianos Gregg S. Hartman Kathryn E. Glas Nikolaos J. Skubas Robert T. Eberhardt Jennifer D. Walker Scott T. Reeves | 2012 | Anesthesia & Analgesia2012，，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Unpacking civic participation: Analyzing trends in black [and white] participation over time显示文摘 | Valeria Sinclair-Chapman Robert W. Walker Daniel Q. Gillion | 2009 | Electoral Studies2009，，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Implementing Protocols Via Declarative Event Patterns显示文摘 | ROBERT J WALKER KEVIN VIGGERS | 2004 | ACM SIGSOFF Software Engineering Notes2004，29，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Bristol COPD Knowledge Questionnaire (BCKQ) : testing what we teach patients about COPD 显示文摘 | White R Walker P Roberts S | 2006 | Chron Respir Dis2006，3，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Sex- associated hormones and immunity to protozoan parasites显示文摘 | Walker W Alexander J | 2001 | Clin Microbiol2001，14，： | 1 |
| 17 | A comparison of stages IB1 and IB2 cervical cancers treated with radical hysterectomy. Is size the real difference?显示文摘 | Teresa L. Rutledge Scott A. Kamelle Todd D. Tillmanns Natalie S. Gould Jason D. Wright David E. Cohn Thomas J. Herzog Janet S. Rader Michael A. Gold Gary A. Johnson Joan L. Walker Robert S. Mannel D. Scott McMeekin | 2004 | Gynecologic Oncology2004，，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Genomic Landscape of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer in Smokers and Never-Smokers显示文摘 | Ramaswamy Govindan Li Ding Malachi Griffith Janakiraman Subramanian Nathan D. Dees Krishna L. Kanchi Christopher A. Maher Robert Fulton Lucinda Fulton John Wallis Ken Chen Jason Walker Sandra McDonald Ron Bose David Ornitz Donghai Xiong Ming You David J. | 2012 | Cell2012，，： | 1 |
| 19 | Effects of redundancy management on reliability modeling显示文摘 | Bruce K Walker Norman M Wereley Luppold Robert H | 1989 | IEEE Transactions on Reliability1989，38，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Rural household demographics, livelihoods and the environment显示文摘 | Alex de Sherbinin Leah K. VanWey Kendra McSweeney Rimjhim Aggarwal Alisson Barbieri Sabine Henry Lori M. Hunter Wayne Twine Robert Walker | 2007 | Global Environmental Change2007，，1： | 1 |
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