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| 1 | Return to sport following tibial plateau fractures: A systematic review显示文摘AIM To systemically review all studies reporting return to sport following tibial plateau fracture, in order to provide information on return rates and times to sport, and to assess variations in sporting outcome for different treatment methods.METHODS A systematic search of CINAHAL, Cochrane, EMBASE, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PEDro, Scopus, SPORTDiscus and Web of Science was performed in January 2017 using the keywords 'tibial', 'plateau', 'fractures', 'knee', 'athletes', 'sports', 'non-operative', 'conservative', 'operative', 'return to sport'. All studies which recorded return rates and times to sport following tibial plateau fractures were included. RESULTS Twenty-seven studies were included: 1 was a randomised controlled trial, 7 were prospective cohort studies, 16 were retrospective cohort studies, 3 were case series. One study reported on the outcome of conservative management(n = 3); 27 reported on the outcome of surgical management(n = 917). Nine studies reported on Open Reduction Internal Fixation(ORIF)(n = 193), 11 on Arthroscopic-Assisted Reduction Internal Fixation(ARIF)(n = 253) and 7 on Frame-Assisted Fixation(FRAME)(n = 262). All studies recorded 'return to sport'rates. Only one study recorded a 'return to sport' time. The return rate to sport for the total cohort was 70%. For the conservatively-managed fractures, the return rate was 100%. For the surgically-managed fractures, the return rate was 70%. For fractures managed with ORIF, the return rate was 60%. For fractures managed with ARIF, the return rate was 83%. For fractures managed with FRAME was 52%. The return rate for ARIF was found to be significantly greater than that for ORIF(OR 3.22, 95%CI: 2.09-4.97, P < 0.001) and for FRAME(OR 4.33, 95%CI: 2.89-6.50, P < 0.001). No difference was found between the return rates for ORIF and FRAME(OR 1.35, 95%CI: 0.92-1.96, P = 0.122). The recorded return time was 6.9 mo(median), from a study reporting on ORIF.CONCLUSION Return rates to sport for tibial plateau fractures remain limited compared to other fractures. ARIF provides the best return rates. There is limited data regarding return times to sport. Further research is required to determine return times to sport, and to improve return rates to sport, through treatment and rehabilitation optimisation. | Greg A J Robertson Seng J Wong Alexander M Wood | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，7： | 10 |
| 2 | Lower limb stress fractures in sport:Optimising their management and outcome显示文摘Stress fractures in sport are becoming increasing more common,comprising up to 10%of all of sporting injuries.Around 90%of such injuries are located in the lower limb.This articles aims to define the optimal management of lower limb stress fractures in the athlete,with a view to maximise return rates and minimise return times to sport.Treatment planning of this condition is specific to the location of the injury.However,there remains a clear division of stress fractures by'high'and'low'risk.'Low risk'stress fractures are those with a low probability of fracture propagation,delayed union,or non-union,and so can be managed reliably with rest and exercise limitation.These include stress fractures of the PosteroMedial Tibial Diaphysis,Metatarsal Shafts,Distal Fibula,Medial Femoral Neck,Femoral Shaft and Calcaneus.'High risk'stress fractures,in contrast,have increased rates of fracture propagation,displacement,delayed and non-union,and so require immediate cessation of activity,with orthopaedic referral,to assess the need for surgical intervention.These include stress fractures of the Anterior Tibial Diaphysis,Fifth Metatarsal Base,Medial Malleolus,Lateral Femoral Neck,Tarsal Navicular and Great Toe Sesamoids.In order to establish the optimal methods for managing these injuries,we present and review the current evidence which guides the treatment of stress fractures in athletes.From this,we note an increased role for surgical management of certain high risk stress fractures to improve return times and rates to sport.Following this,key recommendations are provided for the management of the common stress fracture types seen in the athlete.Five case reports are also presented to illustrate the application of sportfocussed lower limb stress fracture treatment in the clinical setting. | Greg A J Robertson Alexander M Wood | 2017 | World Journal of Orthopedics2017，8，3： | 7 |
| 3 | 原发性低密度脂蛋白胆固醇≥4.94mmol/L的男性降低低密度脂蛋白胆固醇对心血管病的影响显示文摘原发性低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)≥4.94mmol/L(190mg/dL)的患者由于长期暴露在显著升高的LDL-C下,心血管动脉粥样硬化的风险更高。因此,对于这些患者通常建议采用他汀类药物治疗,但是缺少随机试验证据支持。在该研究中,研究者提供了一些降低LDL-C对心血管病影响的初级预防资料。 | Vallejo-Vaz AJ Robertson M Catapano AL Watts GF Kastelein JJ Packard CJ Ford I Ray KK 黄洁 叶鹏 | 2017 | 中华高血压杂志2017，25，10： | 5 |
| 4 | Hip hemi-arthroplasty for neck of femur fracture:What is the current evidence?显示文摘This editorial reviews and summarises the current evidence(meta-analyses and Cochrane reviews) relating to the use of hip hemi-arthroplasty for neck of femur fractures. Regarding the optimal surgical approach,two recent meta-analyses have found that posterior approaches are associated with: higher rates of dislocation compared to lateral and anterior approaches; and higher rates of re-operation compared to lateral approaches. Posterior approaches should therefore be avoided when performing hip hemi-arthroplasty procedures. Assessing the optimal prosthesis head component,three recent meta-analyses and one Cochrane review have found that while unipolar hemiarthroplasty can be associated with increased rates of acetabular erosion at short-term follow-up(up to 1 year),there is no significant difference between the unipolar hemi-arthroplasty and bipolar hemi-arthroplasty for surgical outcome,complication profile,functional outcome and acetabular erosion rates at longer-term follow-up(2 to 4 years). With bipolar hemi-arthroplasty being the more expensive prosthesis,unipolar hemi-arthroplasty is the recommended option. With regards to the optimal femoral stem insertion technique,three recent metaanalyses and one Cochrane Review have found that,while cemented hip hemi-arthroplasties are associated with a longer operative time compared to uncemented Hip Hemi-arthroplasties,cemented prostheses have lower rates of implant-related complications(particularly peri-prosthetic femoral fracture) and improved postoperative outcome regarding residual thigh pain and mobility. With no significant difference found between the two techniques for medical complications and mortality,cemented hip hemi-arthroplasty would appear to be the superior technique. On the topic of wound closure,one recent meta-analysis has found that,while staples can result in a quicker closure time,there is no significant difference in post-operative infections rates or wound healing outcomes when comparing staples to sutures. Therefore,either suture or staple wound closure techniques appear equally appropriate for hip hemiarthroplasty procedures. | Greg AJ Robertson Alexander M Wood | 2018 | World Journal of Orthopedics2018，9，11： | 4 |
| 5 | Isolation and characterization of secretions from the plant-parasitic nematode Globodera pallida 显示文摘 | ROBERTSON L ROBERTSON W M | 1997 | Source Parasitology1997，115，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Lung infections:role of apoptosis in host defense and pathogenesis of disease显示文摘 | Behnia M Robertson KA Martin W J 2nd | 2000 | Chest2000，117，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in aerobic chemostat culture of Thiosphaera patotropha显示文摘 | ROBERTSON L A VAN NIEL E W J TORREMANS R A M | 1988 | Applied Environmental Microbiology1988，54，11： | 1 |
| 8 | Effect of atorvastatin on kidney function in chronic kidney disease: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial显示文摘 | Fassett R G Robertson I K Ball M J | 2010 | Atherosclerosis2010，213，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Molecuar weight forms of inhibin A,inkibin B and Pro-aC in maternal serum,amniotic fluid and placental extracts of normal and Down'syndrome Pregnancies显示文摘 | ThirunavukarasuPP Robertson D M Dawson J | 2002 | Prenat Diagn2002，22，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Very young women (<35 years)with operable breast cancer:features of disease at presentation显示文摘 | Colleoni M Potmensz N Robertson C | 2002 | Ann Oncology2002，13，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Adjutant therapy in pancreatic cancer: phase Ⅰ trial of radiation dose escalation with concurrent full-dose gemcitabine显示文摘 | Aaron M Allen Mark M Zalupski John M Robertson | 2004 | Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys2004，59，5： | 1 |
| 12 | A comparison of techniques for determining IVDMD at three time periods using the filter bag technique versus conventional techniques显示文摘 | Traxler M J Robertson J B Van Soest P J | 1995 | J Dairy Sci1995，78，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Pathology of aural abscesses in free - living Eastern box turtles ( Terrapene carolina carolina) 显示文摘 | Brown J D Richards J M Robertson J | 2004 | Journal of Wildlife Diseases2004，40，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Nucleotide and amino acid sequence coding for polypeptides of foot-and-mouth disease virus type A12 显示文摘 | ROBERTSON B H GRUBMAN M J WEDDELL G N | 1985 | J Virol1985，54，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Functional ex- pression cloning of Nanog, a pluripotency sustaining factor in embryonic stem cells显示文摘 | Chambers I Colby D Robertson M | 2003 | Ce112003，113，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Biology and clinical relevance of human natural killer cells显示文摘 | ROBERTSON M J RITZ J | 1990 | Blood1990，76，12： | 1 |
| 17 | How Inclusive Leadership Can Help Your Practice Adapt to Change显示文摘 | BOWERS K W ROBERTSON M PARCHMAN M L | 2012 | Family Practice Man- agement2012，19，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Metabonomic assessment of vasculitis in rats显示文摘 | Robertson DG Reily MD Albassam M | 2001 | Cardiovasc Toxicol2001，1，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Biophysical ac- tivity of an artificial surfactant containing an analogue of sur- factant protein (SP)-C and native SP B显示文摘 | Palmblad M Johansson J Robertson B | 1999 | Biochem J1999，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Effects of epidermal growth factor on hair growth in the mouse显示文摘 | Moore G P M Panaretto B A Robertson D M | 1981 | J Endocrinol1981，88，2： | 1 |
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