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| 1 | Evaluation of the Xpert^(■)MTB/RIF assay and microscopy for the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Namibia显示文摘Background:Tuberculosis(TB)kills approximately two million people and infects around nine million worldwide annually.Its proper management,especially in resource-limited settings,has been hindered by the lack of rapid and easy-to-use diagnostic tests.Sputum smear microscopy remains the cheapest,readily available diagnostic method but it only identifies less than half of the patients with a HIV/TB co-infection because the bacilli would have disseminated from the lungs to other areas of the body.The fully automated Xpert^(■)MTB/RIF assay is a promising innovation for diagnosing TB and detecting resistance to rifampicin.This study aimed to evaluate the use of Xpert^(■)MTB/RIF assay and microscopy in the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Namibia,by determining the disease’s epidemiology and calculating the proportion of cases infected just with TB and those with a resistance to rifampicin among the total suspected cases of TB in the country.Methods:This retrospective study analysed TB cases that were diagnosed using both the Xpert^(■)MTB/RIF assay and microscopy.Data were collected from patient records from the Meditech laboratory information system of the Namibia Institute of Pathology for the time period of July 2012-April 2013.Data from 13 regions were collected.Results:The total number of specimens collected from patients with symptoms of pulmonary TB was 1842.Of these,594(32.20%)were found to be positive for MTB by Xpert^(■)MTB/RIF assay,out of which 443(24.05%)were also found to be positive by microscopy.The remainder was negative.The male patients were more resistant to rifampicin when compared to the female patients.Conclusions:Tuberculosis is widely distributed throughout Namibia,with slightly more males infected than females.Most TB patients are also co-infected with HIV.Both microscopy and Xpert^(■)MTB/RIF assay are crucial for the diagnosis of TB in the country.Screening diagnostic efforts should focus on the sexually active HIV positive male population who could be the source of more RIF-resistant TB than females to prevent its spread. | Rooyen T.Mavenyengwa Emma Shaduka Innocent Maposa | 2017 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2017，6，1： | 4 |
| 2 | Practical application of probabilistic approaches to the management of water resource systems 显示文摘 | Basson M S Van Rooyen J A | 2001 | Journal of Hydrology2001，241，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Performance trends of an air-Cooled steam condenser under windy conditions显示文摘 | Van Rooyen J A Kr ger D G | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 4 | Construction of cellobiose-growing and fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains显示文摘 | VAN ROOYEN R HAHN-HAGERDEL B LA GRANGE D C | 2005 | Journal of Biotechnology2005，120，3： | 1 |
| 5 | Properties of nitrogen-containing stainless alloy designed for high resistance to pitting 显示文摘 | Bandy R Rooyen D V | 1985 | Corrosion1985，41，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Prevalence and burden of overactive bladder in United States 显示文摘 | STEWARD W F VON ROOYEN J B CUNDIFF G W | 2003 | World J Urol2003，20，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Surgical treatment of comminuted, displaced fractures of the greater tuberosity of the proxi- mal humerus:a new technique of double-row suture-anchor fixation and long-term results显示文摘 | Bhatia DN van Rooyen Ks du Toit DF | 2006 | Injury2006，37，10： | 1 |
| 8 | Detecting vegetation change in the southern Kalahari using Landsat TM data显示文摘 | PALMER A R VAN ROOYEN A F | 1998 | J Arid Environ1998，39，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Metallographic Analyses of Laser Gladded WC-Ni and WC-Co Hard-facing Metals显示文摘Laser cladding is performed to improve the surface properties of metallic machine components. Extensive work is being conducted to investigate the relationships among the cladding parameters, clad powder characteristics and the quality of the clad layer. This work presents some of the metallographic analyses results of WC -Ni and WC-Co clad layers. The clad layers are characterised with non-uniform carbide particles, mostly WC imbedded in a more ductile matrix. The transition from the clad layer to the substrate metal had a distinct dilution zone. The ratio of this zone to the clad height was in the range of 10 -12% and this still needs to be refined. | HK Chikwanda M Chiremba C Van Rooyen | 2004 | 材料热处理学报2004，25，05B： | 1 |
| 10 | sensitive Liquid Chromatography-tandem Mass Spectrometry Method for the Determination of Claithromycin in Human Plasma显示文摘 | Van Rooyen G F Smit M J De Jager A D | 2002 | J Chromatogr B2002，768，2： | 1 |
| 11 | What makes agood reviewer and a good review for a general medical journal? 显示文摘 | Nick B Susan van Rooyen Fiona G | 1998 | JAMA1998，280，： | 1 |
| 12 | Performance trends of an air-cooled steam condenser under windy conditions 显示文摘 | VAN ROOYEN J A KROGER D G | 2008 | Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power2008，130，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Prevalence and burden of overactive bladder in the United States显示文摘 | Stewart W F Rooyen J B Cundiff G W | 2003 | World J Urol2003，20，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Prevalence and burden of overactive bladder in the United States显示文摘 | W. Stewart J. Van Rooyen G. Cundiff P. Abrams A. Herzog R. Corey T. Hunt A. Wein | 2003 | World Journal of Urology2003，，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Prevalence and burden of overactive bladder in the United States 显示文摘 | Stewart WF Van Rooyen JB Cundiff GW | 2003 | World J Urol2003，20，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Probabilistic flow pattern-based heat transfer correlation for condensing intermittent flow of refrigerants in smooth horizontal tubes 显示文摘 | van Rooyen E Christians M Liebenberg L Meyer J P | 2010 | International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer2010，53，： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of blinding and unmasking on the quality of peer review: a randomized trial 显示文摘 | Van Rooyen S Godlee F Evans S | 1998 | JAMA1998，280，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Surgical treatmentof comminuted,displaced fractures of the greater tuberosity of theproximal humerus:A new technique of double-row suture-anchorfixation and long-term results显示文摘 | Bhatia DN Van Rooyen KS Du Toit DF | 2006 | Injury2006，37，9： | 1 |
| 19 | SREBP-2:a link between insulin resistance,hepatic cholesterol,and inflammation in NASH显示文摘 | Van Rooyen DM Farrell GC | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 20 | Effect of blinding and unmasking on the quality of peer review显示文摘 | Van Rooyen S Godlee F Evans S | 1999 | J Gen Intern Med1999，14，10： | 1 |
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