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| 1 | Study of the characteristics of rocket-triggered lightning energetic radiation and its relationships with the discharge parameters显示文摘Through the use of the independently developed Thunderstorm Energetic Radiation Observation System(TEROS),observation experiments of rocket-triggered lightning energetic radiation(RLER)were conducted for the first time at the Field Experiment Base on Lightning Sciences,China Meteorological Administration from May 2021 to July 2021.A total of 17 X-ray bursts were detected during all of the 22 leader/return strokes.In this study,the energy,time,and direction characteristics of Xray burst and its relationships with the corresponding discharge parameters,such as the return stroke peak current,half-peak width,rise time,and interstroke time interval,as well as the associated physical processes,are analyzed and discussed.Results showed that energetic radiation is ubiquitous in triggered lightning and is closely related to the last downward leader phase before the return stroke.The photon energies were concentrated in tens to hundreds of ke V,and the average duration of RLER was approximately 27μs.Moreover,RLER exhibited directional property inconsistent with a vertical downward beam,which may be related to the development orientation of the lightning leader.The intensity of RLER was positively correlated with the return stroke peak current,indicating that it directly depends on the lightning intensity,but it would be modulated by the lightning channel conditions.The 17 RLER events showed 3 different time distribution patterns,namely,discrete,continuous,and discrete/continuous pulses,of which the discharge parameters were also different.The discrete pulse event had the longest duration,a small half-peak width,and a long interstroke time interval.Furthermore,all of these events occurred during the last several leader/return strokes.The continuous pulse event had a short duration and a small peak current.The discrete/continuous pulse event had a moderate duration and a large half-peak width and peak current.These three distinct time distribution patterns may be determined by different development types of lightning leaders.Our observations support the leader high-field runaway mechanism. | Xiong ZHANG Xiaoqiang LI Yang ZHANG Baofeng CAO Yi ZHENG Rubin JIANG Peng LI Hongbo ZHANG Weitao LYU | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，3： | 1 |
| 2 | Cloning,sequence determination,and regulation of the ribonucleotide reductase subunits from Plasmodium falcifarum:a target for antimalarial therapy显示文摘 | Rubin H Salem HS Li LS | 1993 | Proc Natl Ac ad Sci USA1993，90，： | 1 |
| 3 | Optical behavior of sputter - deposited vanadium pentoxide显示文摘 | Ying - Li Liu Mci Lee Kao | 1986 | J Appl Phys1986，60，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Primary pulmonary hypertension 显示文摘 | Gaine SP Rubin LI | 1998 | Lancet1998，352，9129： | 1 |
| 5 | Relation between academic achievement and social adjustment: Evidence from Chinese children 显示文摘 | Chen X Rubin K H Li D | 1997 | Developmental Psychology1997，33，： | 1 |
| 6 | Social functioning and adjustment in Chinese children: A longitudinal study显示文摘 | Chen X Rubin K H Li Z | 1995 | Developmental Psychology1995，31，： | 1 |
| 7 | Seeking the Metrology Model of EnvironmentAccounting System(M)显示文摘 | Sui Rubin Li Yun Zhang Jinsong | 2001 | The Journal of Biology-Mathematics2001，16，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Relation between academic achievement and social adjustment: Evidence from Chinese children显示文摘 | Chen X Rubin K Li D | 1997 | Develop Psychol1997，33，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Addition of inhaled treprostinil to oral therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension: a randomized cantmlled cllnical trial 显示文摘 | McLaughlin VV Benza RL Rubin LI | 2010 | J Am Coil Cardlol2010，55，18： | 1 |
| 10 | Bosentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertension显示文摘 | Rubin LI Badesch DB barst RJ | 2002 | N Eagl J Med2002，346，16： | 1 |
| 11 | Controlled gelation and degradation rates of injectable hyaluronic acid-based hydrogels through a double crosslinking strategy显示文摘 | Tan H Li H Rubin J P | 2011 | J Tissue Eng Regen Med2011，5，10： | 1 |
| 12 | I- dentification of cellular proteins required for replication of human immunodeficiency virus type l显示文摘 | Dziuba N Ferguson M R O'Brien W A Sanchez A Prussia A J McDonald N J Friedrich B M Li G Shaw M W Sheng J Hodge T W Rubin D H Murray J L | 2012 | AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses2012，28，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Social functioning and adjustment in Chinese children:A longitudinal study显示文摘 | Chen X Rubin KH Li D | 1995 | Dev Psychol1995，31，： | 1 |
| 14 | Bosentan therapy for pulmonary arterial hypertention显示文摘 | RUBIN LI BADESCH DB BARST RJ | 2002 | N Engl J Med2002，346，12： | 1 |
| 15 | Reliability of measurement in psychology:from Spearman-Brown to maximal reliability显示文摘 | Li H Rosenthal R Rubin DB | 1996 | Psychol Methods1996，1，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Paracrine and Autocrine Signals Induce and Maintain Mesenchymal and Stem Cell States in the Breast显示文摘 | Christina Scheel Elinor Ng Eaton Sophia Hsin-Jung Li Christine L. Chaffer Ferenc Reinhardt Kong-Jie Kah George Bell Wenjun Guo Jeffrey Rubin Andrea L. Richardson Robert A. Weinberg | 2011 | Cell2011，，： | 1 |
| 17 | Depressed mood in Chinese children:Relations between school performance and family environment显示文摘 | Chen X Rubin KH Li BS | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 18 | Social functioning and adjustment in chinese children:Alongitudinal study显示文摘 | Chen X Rubin KH Li Z-y | 1995 | Developmental Psychology1995，31，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Reliability of measurement in psy- chology: from Spearman-Brown to maximal reliability 显示文摘 | Li H Rosenthal R Rubin DB | 1996 | Psychol Methods1996，1，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Adipogenic Potential of Adipose Stem Cell Subpopulations显示文摘 | Han Li Ludovic Zimmerlin Kacey G. Marra Vera S. Donnenberg Albert D. Donnenberg J. Peter Rubin | 2011 | Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery2011，，3： | 1 |
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