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| 1 | Effect of process parameters on additive-free electrospinning of regenerated silk fibroin nonwovens显示文摘Silk fibroin is a biomaterial with multiple beneficial properties for use in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering.When dissolving and processing the reconstituted silk fibroin solution by electrospinning,the arrangement and size of fibers can be manifold varied and according fiber diameters reduced to the nanometer range.Such nonwovens show high porosity as well as potential biocompatibility.Usually,electrospinning of most biomaterials demands for the application of additives,which enable stable electrospinning by adjusting viscosity,and are intended to evaporate during processing or to be washed out afterwards.However,the use of such additives increases costs and has to be taken into account in terms of biological risks when used for biomedical applications.In this study,we explored the possibilities of additive-free electrospinning of pure fibroin nonwovens and tried to optimize process parameters to enable stable processing.We used natural silk derived from the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori.After degumming,the silk fibroin was dissolved and the viscosity of the spinning solution was controlled by partial evaporation of the initial solving agent.This way,we were able to completely avoid the use of additives and manufacture nonwovens,which potentially offer higher biocompatibility and reduced immunogenicity.Temperature and relative humidity during electrospinning were systematically varied(25–35°C,25–30%RH).In a second step,the nonwovens optionally underwent methanol treatment to initiate beta-sheet formation in order to increase structural integrity and strength.Comprehensive surface analysis on the different nonwovens was performed using scanning electron microscopy and supplemented by additional mechanical testing.Cytotoxicity was evaluated using BrdU-assay,XTT-assay,LDH-assay and live-dead staining.Our findings were,that an increase of temperature and relative humidity led to unequal fiber diameters and defective nonwovens.Resistance to penetration decreased accordingly.The most uniform fiber diameters of 998±63 nm were obtained at 30°C and 25%relative humidity,also showing the highest value for resistance to penetration(0.20 N).The according pure fibroin nonwoven also showed no signs of cytotoxicity.However,while the biological response showed statistical evidence,the material characteristics showed no statistically significant correlation to changes of the ambient conditions within the investigated ranges.We suggest that further experiments should explore additional ranges for temperature and humidity and further focus on the repeatability of material properties in dependency of suitable process windows. | Alexander Kopp Ralf Smeets Martin Gosau Nadja Kröger Sandra Fuest Marius Köpf Magnus Kruse Judith Krieger Rico Rutkowski Anders Henningsen Simon Burg | 2020 | Bioactive Materials2020，5，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Genetic and cellular defects contributing to benign tumor formation in neurofibromatosis type 1 显示文摘 | Rutkowski JL Wu K Gutmann DH | 2000 | Hum Mol Genet2000，9，： | 1 |
| 3 | AT1 Receptor Antagonist Can- desartan Attenuates Genomic Damage in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes of Patients on Maintenance Hemodialysis Treatment显示文摘 | Schupp N Rutkowski P Sebekova K | 2011 | Kidney and blood pressure research2011，34，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Renal disease in obesity: the need for greater attention显示文摘 | Rutkowski P Klassen A Sebekova K | 2006 | 16:216-2232006，16，： | 1 |
| 5 | Interleukin - lbeta and tumor necrosis factor - alpha stimulate DNA binding of hypoxiainducible factor- 1 显示文摘 | Hellwig- Burgel T Rutkowski K Metzen E | 1999 | Blood1999，94，： | 1 |
| 6 | Renal di sease in obsity:the need for greater attention显示文摘 | RUTKOWSKI P KLASSEN A SEBEKOVA K | 2006 | J Ren Nutr2006，16，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Predic- tors of radiotherapy outcome in patients with T2 su- praglottic carcinoma显示文摘 | Rutkowski T Wygoda A Skladowski K | 2012 | Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol2012，269，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Altering the therapeutic para- digm towards a distal bowel margin of < 1 cm in patients with low - ly- ing rectal cancer: a systematic review and commentary显示文摘 | Pahlman L Bujko K Rutkowski A | 2013 | Colorcctal Dis2013，15，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Renal disease in obsity:the need for greater attention显示文摘 | RUTKOWSKI P KLASSEN A SEBEKOVA K | 2006 | J Ren Nutr2006，16，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Effects of estradiol on ischemic factor-induced astrocyte swelling and AQP4 protein abundance显示文摘 | Rutkowsky J M Wallace B K Wise P M | 2011 | Am J Physiol Cell Physiol2011，301，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Blue shifted F3 CH … FCD3 and Cl3 CH … FCD3 weakly H - bound complexes: Cryospectroscopic and ab initio study 显示文摘 | Rutkowski K S Rodziewicz P Melikova S M | 2005 | Chem Phys2005，313，13： | 1 |
| 12 | lnterleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha stinmlate DNA binding of hypoxia-inducible factor-I 显示文摘 | Hellwig-Burgel T Rutkowski K Metzen E el al | 1999 | Blood1999，94，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Is the 1-cm rule of distal bowel resection margin in rectal cancer based on clinical evidence? A systematic review显示文摘 | Bujko K Rutkowski A Chang GJ | 2012 | Ann Surg On- col2012，19，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Group cohesiveness,social norms,and bystander intervention显示文摘 | Rutkowski G K Gruder C L Romer D | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 15 | Interleukin-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha stimulate DNA binding of hypoxla- inducible factor-1 显示文摘 | Hellwig-Burgel T Rutkowski K Metzen E | 1999 | Blood1999，94，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Adverse effects of an- tioxidative vitamins 显示文摘 | Rutkowski M Grzegorczyk K | 2012 | Int J Oceup Med Environ Health2012，25，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Is the 1-cm rule of dis- tal bowel resection margin in rectal cancer based on clinical evi- dence? A systematic review 显示文摘 | Bujko K Rutkowski A Chang GJ | 2012 | Ann Surg 0ncol2012，19，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Is the 1-cm Rule of Distal Bowel Resection Margin in Rectal Cancer Based on Clinical Evidence? A Systematic Review显示文摘 | Bujko K Rutkowski A Chang GJ | 2012 | Indian J Surg Oncol2012，3，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Survival andprognostic factors of early childhood medulloblastoma ; aninternational meta-analysis显示文摘 | Rutkowski S von Hoff K Emser A | 2010 | J Clin Oncol2010，28，33： | 1 |
| 20 | CD80 and CD86 expression on LPS-stimulated monocytes and the effect of CD80 and CD86 blockade on IL-4 and IFN-γ production in nonatopic bronchial asthma 显示文摘 | Rutkowski R Moniuszko T Stasiak-Barmuta A Kosztyla Hojna B Alifier M Rutkowski K | 2003 | Arch Immunol Ther Exp2003，51，6： | 1 |
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