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| 1 | Relaxation of canine gallbladder to nerve stimulation involves adrenergic and non‐adrenergic non‐cholinergic mechanisms显示文摘 | S.Alcón S.Morales P. J.Camello G. M.Salido S. M.Miller M. J.Pozo | 2002 | Neurogastroenterology & Motility2002，，6： | 1 |
| 2 | Passive Strategies for the Prevention of Muscle Wasting During Recovery from Sports Injuries显示文摘Background Recovery from sport injuries commonly involves a muscle disuse situation(i.e.,reduction in physical activity levels sometimes preceded by joint immobilization)with subsequent negative effects on muscle mass and function.Purpose To summarize the current body of knowledge on the effectiveness of different physical strategies that are currently available to mitigate the negative effects of muscle disuse during recovery from sports injury.Methods A narrative review was conducted to summarize the information available on neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES),blood flow restriction(BFR)and vibration intervention.Results The concomitant application of BFR and low-intensity exercise has shown promising results in the prevention of disuse-induced muscle atrophy.Some benefits might also be obtained with BFR alone(i.e.,with no exercise),but evidence is still inconclusive.NMES,which can be applied both passively and synchronously with exercise,can also attenuate most of the negative changes associated with disuse periods.In turn,the mechanical stimulus elicited by vibration seems effec-tive to reduce the loss of bone mineral density that accompanies muscle disuse and could also provide some benefits at the muscle tissue level.Conclusions Different physical strategies are available to attenuate disuse-induced negative consequences during recovery from injury.These interventions can be applied passively,which makes them feasible during the first stages of the recovery.However,it would be advisable to apply these strategies in conjunction with low-intensity voluntary exercise as soon as this is feasible. | Pedro L.Valenzuela Javier S.Morales Alejandro Lucia | 2019 | Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise2019，1，1： | 0 |
| 3 | Neurocognitive outcomes in pediatric brain tumors after treatment with proton versus photon radiation:a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Background Advances in cancer treatments,particularly the development of radiation therapy,have led to improvements in survival outcomes in children with brain tumors.However,radiation therapy is associated with significant long-term neurocognitive morbidity.The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the neurocognitive outcomes of children and adolescents with brain tumors treated with photon radiation(XRT)or proton therapy(PBRT).Methods A systematic search was conducted(PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,and Web of Science from inception until 02/01/2022)for studies comparing the neurocognitive outcomes of children and adolescents with brain tumors treated with XRT vs.PBRT.The pooled mean differences(expressed as Z scores)were calculated using a random effects method for those endpoints analyzed by a minimum of three studies.Results Totally 10 studies(n=630 patients,average age range:1–20 years)met the inclusion criteria.Patients who had received PBRT achieved significantly higher scores(difference in Z scores ranging from 0.29–0.75,all P<0.05 and significant in sensitivity analyses)after treatment than those who had received XRT for most analyzed neurocognitive outcomes(i.e.,intelligence quotient,verbal comprehension and perceptual reasoning indices,visual motor integration,and verbal memory).No robust significant differences(P>0.05 in main analyses or sensitivity analyses)were found for nonverbal memory,verbal working memory and working memory index,processing speed index,or focused attention.Conclusions Pediatric brain tumor patients who receive PBRT achieve significantly higher scores on most neurocognitive outcomes than those who receive XRT.Larger studies with long-term follow-ups are needed to confirm these results. | Álvaro Lassaletta Javier S.Morales Pedro L.Valenzuela Borja Esteso Lisa S.Kahalley Donald J.Mabbott Soumya Unnikrishnan Elena Panizo Felipe Calvo | 2023 | World Journal of Pediatrics2023，19，8： | 0 |
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