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| 1 | 淹水土壤有机酸积累与秸秆碳氮比及氮供应的关系显示文摘有机酸积累和毒害是稻田秸秆还田中受到广泛关注的问题。本文以水稻与小麦秸秆为材料,采用淹水培养研究了甲酸、乙酸、丙酸及丁酸在土壤中的积累及其与秸秆碳氮比、氮肥添加量的关系。结果表明,在不施用氮肥的情况下,随秸秆用量的增加,秸秆处理的有机酸积累均显著增多。与稻秸处理相比,麦秸处理的有机酸(尤其是丙酸)积累量显著较高,土壤溶液中NH4+浓度显著较低。加入尿素明显减少有机酸积累,促进CH4排放,但对CO2的排放无显著影响;氮素的影响在麦秸处理中表现的尤为明显。上述结果说明麦秸的高碳氮比增加了无机氮的生物固定,抑制有机酸向CH4转化,从而导致麦秸处理有机酸积累量高于稻秸处理。施用氮肥是减少麦秸还田后有机酸积累的有效措施之一,但此措施将可能促进CH4的排放。 | 单玉华 蔡祖聪 韩勇 Sarah E Johnson Roland J Buresh | 2006 | 土壤学报2006，43，6： | 68 |
| 2 | Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy for functional dyspepsia: Systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate whether Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) eradication therapy benefits patients with functional dyspepsia(FD).METHODS: Randomized controlled trials(RCTs) investigating the efficacy and safety of H. pylori eradication therapy for patients with functional dyspepsia published in English(up to May 2015) were identified by searching Pub Med, EMBASE, and The Cochrane Library. Pooled estimates were measured using the fixed or random effect model. Overall effect was expressed as a pooled risk ratio(RR) or a standard mean difference(SMD). All data were analyzed with Review Manager 5.3 and Stata 12.0.RESULTS: This systematic review included 25 RCTs with a total of 5555 patients with FD. Twenty-three of these studies were used to evaluate the benefits of H. pylori eradication therapy for symptom improvement; the pooled RR was 1.23(95%CI: 1.12-1.36, P < 0.0001). H. pylori eradication therapy demonstrated symptom improvement during long-term follow-up at ≥ 1 year(RR = 1.24; 95%CI: 1.12-1.37, P < 0.0001) but not during short-term follow-up at < 1 year(RR = 1.26; 95%CI: 0.83-1.92, P = 0.27). Seven studies showed no benefit of H. pylori eradication therapy on quality of life with an SMD of-0.01(95%CI:-0.11 to 0.08, P = 0.80). Six studies demonstrated that H. pylori eradication therapy reduced the development of peptic ulcer disease compared to no eradication therapy(RR = 0.35; 95%CI: 0.18-0.68, P = 0.002). Eight studies showed that H. pylori eradication therapy increased the likelihood of treatment-related side effects compared to no eradication therapy(RR = 2.02; 95%CI: 1.12-3.65, P = 0.02). Ten studies demonstrated that patients who received H. pylori eradication therapy were more likely to obtain histologic resolution of chronic gastritis compared to those who did not receive eradication therapy(RR = 7.13; 95%CI: 3.68-13.81, P < 0.00001).CONCLUSION: The decision to eradicate H. pylori in patients with functional dyspepsia requires individual assessment. | Li-Jun Du Bin-Rui Chen John J Kim Sarah Kim Jin-Hua Shen Ning Dai | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，12： | 30 |
| 3 | No association between cyclooxygenase-2 and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A6 genetic polymorphisms and colon cancer risk显示文摘AIM:To investigate the association of variations in the cyclooxygenase-2(COX2) and uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A6(UGT1A6) genes and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) use with risk of colon cancer.METHODS:NSAIDs,which are known to reduce the risk of colon cancer,act directly on COX2 and reduce its activity.Epidemiological studies have associated variations in the COX2 gene with colon cancer risk,but others were unable to replicate this finding.Similarly,enzymes in the UGT1A6 gene have been demonstrated to modify the therapeutic effect of NSAIDs on colon adenomas.Polymorphisms in the UGT1A6 gene have been statistically shown to interact with NSAID intake to influence risk of developing colon adenomas,but not colon cancer.Here we examined the association of tagging single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) in the COX2 and UGT1A6 genes,and their interaction with NSAID consumption,on risk of colon cancer in a population of 422 colon cancer cases and 481 population controls.RESULTS:No SNP in either gene was individually statistically significantly associated with colon cancer,nor did they statistically significantly change the protective effect of NSAID consumption in our sample.Like others,we were unable to replicate the association of variants in the COX2 gene with colon cancer risk(P > 0.05),and we did not observe that these variants modify the protective effect of NSAIDs(P > 0.05).We were able to confirm the lack of association of variants in UGT1A6 with colon cancer risk,although further studies will have to be conducted to confirm the association of these variants with colon adenomas.CONCLUSION:Our study does not support a role of COX2 and UGT1A6 genetic variations in the development of colon cancer. | Cheryl L Thompson Sarah J Plummer Alona Merkulova Iona Cheng Thomas C Tucker Graham Casey Li Li | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，18： | 11 |
| 4 | Intermittent fasting promotes adipose thermogenesis and metabolic homeostasis via VEGF-mediated alternative activation of macrophage显示文摘 | Kyoung-Han Kim Yun Hye Kim Joe Eun Son Ju Hee Lee Sarah Kim Min Seon Choe Joon Ho Moon Jian Zhong Kiya Fu Florine Lenglin Jeong-Ah Yoo Philip J Bilan Amira Klip Andras Nagy Jae-Ryong Kim Jin Gyoon Park Samer MI Hussein Kyung-Oh Doh Chi-chung Hui Hoon-Ki Sung | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，11： | 9 |
| 5 | One hundred and seventy-eight consecutive pancreatoduodenectomies without mortality:role of the multidisciplinary approach显示文摘BACKGROUND:Pancreatoduodenectomy offers the only chance of cure for patients with periampullary cancers.This,however,is a major undertaking in most patients and is associated with a significant morbidity and mortality.A multidisciplinary approach to the workup and follow-up of patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy was initiated at our institution to improve the diagnosis,resection rate,mortality and morbidity.We undertook the study to assess the effect of this approach on diagnosis,resection rates and short-term outcomes such as morbidity and mortality.METHODS:A prospective database of patients presenting with periampullary cancers to a single surgeon between April 2004 and April 2010 was reviewed.All cases were discussed at a multidisciplinary meeting comprising surgeons,gastroenterologists,radiologists,oncologists,radiation oncologists,pathologists and nursing staff.A standardized investigation and management algorithm was followed.Complications were graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification.RESULTS:A total of 295 patients with a periampullary lesion were discussed and 178 underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (resection rate 60%).Sixty-one patients (34%) required either a vascular or an additional organ resection.Eighty-nine patients experienced complications,of which the commonest was blood transfusion (12%).Thirty-four patients (19%) had major complications,i.e.grade 3 or above.There was no in-hospital,30-day or 60-day mortality.CONCLUSIONS:Pancreatoduodenectomy can safely be performed in high-volume centers with very low mortality.The surgeon's role should be careful patient selection,intensive preoperative investigations,use of a team approach,and an unbiased discussion at a multidisciplinary meeting to optimize the outcome in these patients. | Jaswinder S Samra Raul Alvarado Bachmann Julian Choi Anthony Gill Michael Neale Vikram Puttaswamy Cameron Bell Ian Norton Sarah Cho Steven Blome Ritchie Maher Sivakumar Gananadha Thomas J Hugh | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，4： | 8 |
| 6 | Eukaryotic nucleotide excision repair: from understanding mechanisms to influencing biology显示文摘笨重脱氧核糖核酸的修理由小径是的核苷酸切除修理(NER ) 使内收更万用的脱氧核糖核酸之一为脱氧核糖核酸损害的移动修理小径。有 NER 小径,全球 genomic-NER (GG-NER ) 和联合抄写的 NER (TC-NER ) 的二个子集,它仅仅在包含脱氧核糖核酸损害的识别的步不同。损坏的后面的识别,亚小径然后为充满的切口 / 切除步骤和结扎步骤收敛。这评论将集中于 NER 的 GGR 亚小径,当 TCR 亚小径将在这个问题在另一篇文章被盖住时。到修理的 NER 小径的能力一个宽数组使内收部分地,茎在影响人的生理的回答和事件的一个同等地宽的数组的 NER 损坏脱氧核糖核酸和结果从涉及起始的识别的机制走。在这评论, carcinogenesis 上的 NER 的影响,神经病学的功能,到环境因素的敏感和到癌症的敏感,治疗学将被讨论。在过去的 40 年在我们 NER 小径的理解产生的知识从进展,以及从体质研究和参予这条小径的蛋白质和酶的结构的分析导致了动物模型系统,哺乳动物的遗传和试管内生物化学的领域。每研究的这些大街显著地作出贡献到我们 NER 小径怎么并且怎么工作的理解在 NER 活动的改变,积极、否定,影响人生物学。 | Sarah C Shuck Emily A Short John J Turchi | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，1： | 7 |
| 7 | Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis severity is defined by a failure in compensatory antioxidant capacity in the setting of mitochondrial dysfunction显示文摘AIM To comprehensively evaluate mitochondrial(dys) function in preclinical models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).METHODS We utilized two readily available mouse models of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) with or without progressive fibrosis: Lep^(ob)/Lep^(ob)(ob/ob) and FATZO mice on high trans-fat, high fructose and high cholesterol(AMLN) diet. Presence of NASH was assessed using immunohistochemical and pathological techniques, and gene expression profiling. Morphological features of mitochondria were assessed via transmission electron microscopy and immunofluorescence, and function was assessed by measuring oxidative capacity in primary hepatocytes, and respiratory control and proton leak in isolated mitochondria. Oxidative stress was measured by assessing activity and/or expression levels of Nrf1, Sod1, Sod2, catalase and 8-OHdG. RESULTS When challenged with AMLN diet for 12 wk, ob/ob and FATZO mice developed steatohepatitis in the presence of obesity and hyperinsulinemia. NASH development was associated with hepatic mitochondrial abnormalities, similar to those previously observed in humans, including mitochondrial accumulation and increased proton leak. AMLN diet also resulted in increased numbers of fragmented mitochondria in both strains of mice. Despite similar mitochondrial phenotypes, we found that ob/ob mice developed more advanced hepatic fibrosis. Activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) was increased in ob/ob AMLN mice, whereas FATZO mice displayed increased catalase activity, irrespective of diet. Furthermore, 8-OHd G, a marker of oxidative DNA damage, was significantly increased in ob/ob AMLN mice compared to FATZO AMLN mice. Therefore, antioxidant capacity reflected as the ratio of catalase:SOD activity was similar between FATZO and C57 BL6 J control mice, but significantly perturbed in ob/ob mice. CONCLUSION Oxidative stress, and/or the capacity to compensate for increased oxidative stress, in the setting of mitochondrial dysfunction, is a key factor for development of hepatic injury and fibrosis in these mouse models. | Michelle L Boland Stephanie Oldham Brandon B Boland Sarah Will Jean-Martin Lapointe Silvia Guionaud Christopher J Rhodes James L Trevaskis | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，16： | 7 |
| 8 | 针对患者利益的机器学习和人工智能研究:在透明性、可重复性、伦理和有效性等方面的20个关键问题显示文摘机器学习(ML)、人工智能(AI)和其他现代统计方法正为利用先前尚未开发且极速增长的数据资源提供新的机会,以期让患者获益。尽管目前正在进行许多有前景的研究,特别是在图像方面,但就文献整体而言还缺乏透明度、对可重复性清晰的阐述、对潜在伦理问题的探究,以及对有效性的明确验证。这些问题的存在有许多原因,其中最重要的一点(为此我们提供了初步解决方案)就是当前缺乏针对ML和AI的最佳实践指南。我们认为从事研究的跨学科团队和应用ML/AI影响健康的项目,将因解决有关透明度、可重复性、伦理和有效性(TREE)的一系列问题而受益。这里提出的20个关键问题为研究团队提供了一个研究设计、实施和报告框架;帮助编辑和同行评审专家评估文献的贡献;让患者、临床医生和政策制定者评估新发现可能会给患者带来的获益。 | Sebastian Vollmer Bilal A Mateen Gergo Bohner Franz J Kirdly Rayid Ghani Pall Jonsson Sarah Cumbers Adrian Jonas Katherine S L McAllister Puja Myles David Granger Mark Birse Richard Branson Karel G M Moons Gary S Collins John P A Chris Holmes Harry Hemingwayp 李峰(译) 徐磊(校) 赵邑(校) | 2020 | 英国医学杂志中文版2020，23，9： | 5 |
| 9 | Correlation of endoscopic disease severity with pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index score in children and young adults with ulcerative colitis显示文摘AIM To investigate of pediatric ulcerative colitis activity index(PUCAI) in ulcerative colitis correlate with mucosal inflammation and endoscopic assessment of disease activity(Mayo endoscopic score).METHODS We reviewed charts from ulcerative colitis patients who had undergone both colonoscopy over 3 years. Clinical assessment of disease severity within 35 d(either before or after) the colonoscopy were included. Patients were excluded if they had significant therapeutic interventions(such as the start of corticosteroids or immunosuppressive agents) between the colonoscopy and the clinical assessment. Mayoendoscopic score of the rectum and sigmoid were done by two gastroenterologists. Inter-observer variability in Mayo score was assessed.RESULTS We identified 99 patients(53% female, 74% pancolitis) that met inclusion criteria. The indications for colonoscopy included ongoing disease activity(62%), consideration of medication change(10%), assessment of medication efficacy(14%), and cancer screening(14%). Based on PUCAI scores, 33% of patients were in remission, 39% had mild disease, 23% had moderate disease, and 4% had severe disease. There was 'moderate-substantial' agreement between the two reviewers in assessing rectal Mayo scores(kappa = 0.54, 95%CI: 0.41-0.68). CONCLUSION Endoscopic disease severity(Mayo score) assessed by reviewing photographs of pediatric colonoscopy has moderate inter-rater reliability, and agreement was less robust in assessing patients with mild disease activity. Endoscopic disease severity generally correlates with clinical disease severity as measured by PUCAI score. However, children with inflamed colons can have significant variation in their reported clinical symptoms. Thus, assessment of both clinical symptoms and endoscopic disease severity may be required in future clinical studies. | Basavaraj Kerur Heather J Litman Julia Bender Stern Sarah Weber Jenifer R Lightdale Paul A Rufo Athos Bousvaros | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，18： | 5 |
| 10 | Human dNK cell function is differentially regulated by extrinsic cellular engagement and intrinsic activating receptors in first and second trimester pregnancy显示文摘蜕膜的生来的杀手(dNK ) 房间表示一连串的激活受体在早怀孕期间调整胎盘的免疫和开发。我们在在 dNK 和 trophoblast 房间之间的怀孕期和相互作用的第一和第二个三个月期间调查了人的 dNK 房间的功能的特性。尽管 CD56 + 在全部的 CD45 + 白血球之中的 CD16 − dNK 没在这个句号,激活的受体的表示, NKp80 和 NKG2D 上变化,极大地 upregulated。我们与第二三个月蜕膜比较在第一个三个月在最近观察了 extravillous trophoblast 房间的一个显著地更高的数字到 dNK 房间。当 co 有教养时,由第一个三个月 dNK 房间的 NKG2D 表示与 HTR-8 trophoblast 房间线被减少。在第二个三个月, dNK 激活的功能的标记,即, angiogenic 因素生产(例如,脉管的 endothelial 生长因素, interleukin-8, interferon-gamma ) ,尽管有 NKp80 或 NKG2D 表面表示的增加的仍然是的马厩。而且, dNK 房间的 degranulation 能力由 CD107a 估计了在第二个三个月被减少。我们建议在第一个三个月, trophoblast-dNK 相互作用与压制的激活的显型产生 dNK 房间的一张人口。在第二个三个月, trophoblast-dNK 相互作用的损失导致了 dNK 房间功能的抑制,尽管他们的激活的受体表示被增加。我们推测在怀孕期间,二机制操作调制激活受体的 dNK 房间 activation:suppression,这由在第二个三个月联合的 receptor-ligand 的 trophoblasts 和解开在第一个三个月铺平。 | Jianhong Zhang Caroline E Dunk Melissa Kwan Rebecca L Jones Lynda K Harris Sarah Keating Stephen J Lye | 2017 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2017，14，2： | 4 |
| 11 | MicroRNA-31 functions as an oncogenic microRNA in mouse and human lung cancer cells by repressing specific tumor suppressors显示文摘 | Liu Xi Sempere Lorenzo F Ouyang Haoxu Memoli Vincent A Andrew Angeline S Luo Yue Demidenko Eugene Korc Murray Shi Wei Preis Meir Dragnev Konstantin H Li Hua DiRenzo James Bak Mads Freemantle Sarah J Kauppinen Sakari Dmitrovsky Ethan | 2010 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2010，，4： | 3 |
| 12 | Hospitalized prevalence and 5-year mortality for IBD:Record linkage study显示文摘AIM:To establish the hospitalized prevalence of severe Crohn's disease(CD) and ulcerative colitis(UC) in Wales from 1999 to 2007;and to investigate long-term mortality after hospitalization and associations with social deprivation and other socio-demographic factors.METHODS:Record linkage of administrative inpatient and mortality data for 1467 and 1482 people hospitalised as emergencies for ≥ 3d for CD and UC,respectively.The main outcome measures were hospitalized prevalence,mortality rates and standardized mortality ratios for up to 5 years follow-up after hospitalization.RESULTS:Hospitalized prevalence was 50.1 per 100 000 population for CD and 50.6 for UC.The hospitalized prevalence of CD was significantly higher(P < 0.05) in females(57.4) than in males(42.2),and was highest in people aged 16-29 years,but the prevalence of UC was similar in males(51.0) and females(50.1),and increased continuously with age.The hospital-ized prevalence of CD was slightly higher in the most deprived areas,but there was no association between social deprivation and hospitalized prevalence of UC.Mortality was 6.8% and 14.6% after 1 and 5 years follow-up for CD,and 9.2% and 20.8% after 1 and 5 years for UC.For both CD and UC,there was little discernible association between mortality and social deprivation,distance from hospital,urban/rural residence and geography.CONCLUSION:CD and UC have distinct demographic profiles.The higher prevalence of hospitalized CD in more deprived areas may reflect higher prevalence and higher hospital dependency. | Lori A Button Stephen E Roberts Michael J Goldacre Ashley Akbari Sarah E Rodgers John G Williams | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，4： | 3 |
| 13 | Meeting report:a hard look at the state of enamel research显示文摘The Encouraging Novel Amelogenesis Models and Ex vivo cell Lines(ENAMEL) Development workshop was held on 23 June 2017 at the Bethesda headquarters of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research(NIDCR). Discussion topics included model organisms, stem cells/cell lines, and tissues/3 D cell culture/organoids. Scientists from a number of disciplines,representing institutions from across the United States, gathered to discuss advances in our understanding of enamel, as well as future directions for the field. | ophir d klein olivier duverger wendy shaw rodrigo s lacruz derk joester janet moradian-oldak megan k pugach j timothy wright sarah e millar ashok b kulkarni john d bartlett thomas gh diekwisch pamela den besten james p simmer | 2017 | International Journal of Oral Science2017，9，4： | 3 |
| 14 | Hospital readmissions in decompensated cirrhotics: Factors pointing toward a prevention strategy显示文摘AIM To reduce readmissions and improve patient outcomes in cirrhotic patients through better understanding of readmission predictors.METHODS We performed a single-center retrospective study of patients admitted with decompensated cirrhosis from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2013(n = 222). Primary outcomes were time to first readmission and 30-d readmission rate due to complications of cirrhosis. Clinical and demographic data were collected to help describe predictors of readmission, along with care coordination measures such as post-discharge status and outpatient follow-up. Univariate and multivariateanalyses were performed to describe variables associated with readmission.RESULTS One hundred thirty-two patients(59.4%) were readmitted at least once during the study period. Median time to first and second readmissions were 54 and 93 d, respectively. Thirty and 90-d readmission rates were 20.7 and 30.1 percent, respectively. Predictors of 30-d readmission included education level, hepatic encephalopathy at index, ALT more than upper normal limit and Medicare coverage. There were no statistically significant differences in readmission rates when stratified by discharge disposition, outpatient follow-up provider or time to first outpatient visit.CONCLUSION Readmissions are challenging aspect of care for cirrhotic patients and risk continues beyond 30 d. More initiatives are needed to develop enhanced, longitudinal post-discharge systems. | Siamak M Seraj Emily J Campbell Sarah K Argyropoulos Kara Wegermann Raymond T Chung James M Richter | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，37： | 3 |
| 15 | No association between phosphatase and tensin homolog genetic polymorphisms and colon cancer显示文摘AIM: To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) tumor suppressor gene and risk of colon cancer. METHODS: We utilized a population-based casecontrol study of incident colon cancer individuals (n= 421) and controls (n = 483) aged ≥ 30 years to conduct a comprehensive tagSNP association analysis of the PTEN gene. RESULTS: None of the PTEN SNPs were statistically significantly associated with colon cancer when controlled for age, gender, and race, or when additionally adjusted for other known risk factors (P > 0.05). Haplotype analyses similarly showed no association between the PTEN gene and colon cancer. CONCLUSION: Our study does not support PTEN as a colon cancer susceptibility gene. | Lynette S Phillips Cheryl L Thompson Alona Merkulova Sarah J Plummer Thomas C Tucker Graham Case Li Li | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，30： | 2 |
| 16 | Hematopoietic AMPK [Beta]1 reduces mouse adipose tissue macrophage inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity显示文摘 | Galic Sandra Fullerton Morgan D Schertzer Jonathan D Sikkema Sarah Marcinko Katarina Walkley Carl R Izon David Honeyman Jane Chen Zhi-Ping van Denderen Bryce J Kemp Bruce E Steinberg Gregory R | 2011 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2011，，12： | 2 |
| 17 | 1400W reduces ischemia reperfusion injury in an ex-vivo porcine model of the donation after circulatory death kidney donor显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of 1400W-a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase(iN OS) inhibitor in a model of donation after circulatory death(DCD) kidneys. METHODS: Porcine kidneys were retrieved after 25 min warm ischemia. They were then stored on ice for 18 h before being reperfused ex vivo with oxygenated autologous blood on an isolated organ perfusion system. The selective i NOS inhibitor 1400W(10 mg/kg) was administered before reperfusion(n = 6) vs control group(n = 7). Creatinine(1000 μmol/L) was added to the system, renal and tubular cell function and the level of ischemia reperfusion injury were assessed over 3 h of reperfusion using plasma, urine and tissue samples. RESULTS: Kidneys treated with 1400 W had a higher level of creatinine clearance(CrC l) [area under the curve(AUC) CrC l: 2.37 ± 0.97 mL /min per 100 g vs 0.96 ± 0.32 mL /min per 100 g, P = 0.004] and urine output [Total: 320 ± 96 mL vs 156 ± 82 mL, P = 0.008]. There was no significant difference in levels of fractional excretion of sodium(AUC, Fr ex Na+: Control, 186.3% ± 81.7%.h vs 1400 W, 153.4% ± 12.1%.h, P = 0.429). Levels of total protein creatinine ratio were significantly lower in the 1400 W group after 1 h of reperfusion(1h Pr/Cr: 1400 W 9068 ± 6910 mg/L/mmol/L vs Control 21586 ± 5464 mg/L/mmol/L, P = 0.026). Levels of 8-isoprostane were significantly lower in the 1400 W group [8-iso/creatinine ratio: Control 239 ± 136 pg/L/mmol/L vs 1400 W 139 ± 47 pg/L/mmol/L, P = 0.041].CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that 1400 W reduced ischaemia reperfusion injury in this porcine kidney model of DCD donor. Kidneys had improved renal function and reduced oxidative stress. | Sarah A Hosgood Phillip J Yates Michael L Nicholson | 2014 | World Journal of Transplantation2014，4，4： | 2 |
| 18 | Mutifactorial analysis of risk factors for reduced bone mineral density in patients with Crohn’s disease显示文摘AIM: To determine the prevalence of osteoporosis in a cohort of patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and to identify the relative significance of risk factors for osteoporosis. METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-eight unselected patients (92 M, 166 F) with CD were studied. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the lumbar spine and hip by dual X-ray absorptiometry. Bone formation was assessed by measuring bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BSAP) and bone resorption by measuring urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and N-telopeptide (NTX). RESULTS: Between 11.6%-13.6% patients were osteoporotic (T score < -2.5) at the lumbar spine and/or hip. NTX levels were significantly higher in the patients with osteoporosis (P < 0.05) but BSAP and DPD levels were not significantly different. Independent risk factors for osteoporosis at either the lumbar spine or hip were a low body mass index (P < 0.001), increasing corticosteroid use (P < 0.005), and male sex (P < 0.01). These factors combined accounted for 23% and 37% of the reduction in BMD at the lumbar spine and hip respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm that osteoporosis is common in patients with CD and suggest that increased bone resorption is the mechanism responsible for thebone loss. However, less than half of the reduction in BMD can be attributed to risk factors such as corticosteroid use and low BMI and therefore remains unexplained. | Sarah A Bartram Robert T Peaston David J Rawlings David Walshaw Roger M Francis Nick P Thompson | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，35： | 2 |
| 19 | Increased presence of effector lymphocytes during Helicobacter hepaticus-induced colitis显示文摘AIM:To identify and characterize drosophila mothers against decapentaplegic(SMAD)3-dependent changes in immune cell populations following infection with Helicobacter hepaticus(H.hepaticus).METHODS:SMAD3 -/-(n=19)and colitis-resistant SMAD3+/-(n=24)mice(8-10 wk of age)were in-fected with H.hepaticus and changes in immune cell populations[T lymphocytes,natural killer(NK)cells,T regulatory cells]were measured in the spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes(MsLNs)at 0 d,3 d,7 d and 28 d post-infection using flow cytometry.Genotypedependent changes in T lymphocytes and granzyme B+ cells were also assessed after 28 d in proximal colon tissue using immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:As previously observed,SMAD3 -/-,but not SMAD3+/-mice,developed colitis,peaking at 4 wk post-infection.No significant changes in T cell subsets were observed in the spleen or in the MsLNs between genotypes at any time point.However,CD4+and CD8+/ CD62Llo cells,an effector T lymphocyte population,as well as NK cells(NKp46/DX5+)were significantly higher in the MsLNs of SMAD3-/-mice at 7 d and 28 d post-infection.In the colon,a higher number of CD3+cells were present in SMAD3-/-compared to SMAD3+/-mice at baseline,which did not significantly change during infection.However,the number of granzyme B+cells,a marker of cytolytic lymphocytes,significantly increased in SMAD3-/-mice 28 d post-infection compared to both SMAD3+/-mice and to baseline values.This was consistent with more severe colitis development in these animals.CONCLUSION:Data suggest that defects in SMAD3 signaling increase susceptibility to H.hepaticus-induced colitis through aberrant activation and/or dysregulation of effector lymphocytes. | Sarah J McCaskey Elizabeth A Rondini Jonathan F Clinthorne Ingeborg M Langohr Elizabeth M Gardner Jenifer I Fenton | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，13： | 2 |
| 20 | Silent brain infarcts: a systematic review显示文摘 | Sarah E Vermeer William T Longstreth Peter J Koudstaal | 2007 | Lancet Neurology2007，，7： | 2 |
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