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| 1 | Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography: From methodology to major clinical applications显示文摘Non-invasive Doppler ultrasonographic study of cerebral arteries [transcranial Doppler(TCD)] has been extensively applied on both outpatient and inpatient settings. It is performed placing a low-frequency(≤ 2 MHz) transducer on the scalp of the patient over specific acoustic windows, in order to visualize the intracranial arterial vessels and to evaluate the cerebral blood flow velocity and its alteration in many different conditions. Nowadays the most widespread indication for TCD in outpatient setting is the research of right to left shunting, responsable of so called 'paradoxical embolism', most often due to patency of foramen ovale which is responsable of the majority of cryptogenic strokes occuring in patients younger than 55 years old. TCD also allows to classify the grade of severity of such shunts using the so called 'microembolic signal grading score'. In addition TCD has found many useful applications in neurocritical care practice. It is useful on both adults and children for day-to-day bedside assessment of critical conditions including vasospasm in subarachnoidal haemorrhage(caused by aneurysm rupture or traumatic injury), traumatic brain injury, brain stem death. It is used also to evaluate cerebral hemodynamic changes after stroke. It also allows to investigate cerebral pressure autoregulation and for the clinical evaluation of cerebral autoregulatory reserve. | Antonello D'Andrea Marianna Conte Massimo Cavallaro Raffaella Scarafile Lucia Riegler Rosangela Cocchia Enrica Pezzullo Andreina Carbone Francesco Natale Giuseppe Santoro Pio Caso Maria Giovanna Russo Eduardo Bossone Raffaele Calabrò | 2016 | World Journal of Cardiology2016，8，7： | 10 |
| 2 | Cardiac damage in athlete's heart: When the “supernormal” heart fails!显示文摘Intense exercise may cause heart remodeling to compensate increases in blood pressure or volume by increasing muscle mass. Cardiac changes do not involve only the left ventricle, but all heart chambers. Physiological cardiac modeling in athletes is associated with normal or enhanced cardiac function, but recent studies have documented decrements in left ventricular function during intense exercise and the release of cardiac markers of necrosis in athlete's blood of uncertain significance. Furthermore, cardiac remodeling may predispose athletes to heart disease and result in electrical remodeling, responsible for arrhythmias. Athlete's heart is a physiological condition and does not require a specific treatment. In some conditions, it is important to differentiate the physiological adaptations from pathological conditions, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic dysplasia of the right ventricle, and non-compaction myocardium, for the greater risk of sudden cardiac death of these conditions. Moreover, some drugs and performance-enhancing drugs can cause structural alterations and arrhythmias, therefore, their use should be excluded. | Andreina Carbone Antonello D’Andrea Lucia Riegler Raffaella Scarafile Enrica Pezzullo Francesca Martone Raffaella America Biagio Liccardo Maurizio Galderisi Eduardo Bossone Raffaele Calabrò | 2017 | World Journal of Cardiology2017，9，6： | 3 |
| 3 | Left atrial myocardial function in either physiological or pathological left ventricular hypertrophy : a two-dimensional speckle strain study 显示文摘 | D'Andrea A De Corato G Scarafile R | 2008 | Br J Sports Med2008，42，8： | 1 |
| 4 | eftatrial myocardial function in either physiological or pathological left ventricular hypertrophy: a two-dimensional speckle strain study 显示文摘 | Andrea A Corato G Scarafile R | 2008 | BrJ Sports Med2008，42，8： | 1 |
| 5 | Left atrial myocardial function in either physiologic or pathologic left ventricular hypertrophy:a two-dimensional speckle strain study显示文摘 | D Andrea A De Corato G Scarafile R | | 0，，08： | 1 |
| 6 | Biventricular myocardial adaptation to different training protocols in competitive master athletes显示文摘 | ANTONELLO D ANDREA A PIO CASO RAFFAELLA SCARAFILE | 2007 | Int J Cardiol2007，，115： | 1 |
| 7 | An unusual case of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in transplanted heart显示文摘 | D'Andrea A Scarafile R Ferrara I | 2010 | Monaldi Arch Chest Dis2010，74，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Left atrial myocardial function in either physiologic or pathologic left ventricular hypertrophy : a two-dimensional speckle strain study 显示文摘 | D'Andrea A De Corato G Scarafile R | 2008 | Br J Sports Med2008，42，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Left atrial myocardial function in either physiological or pathological left ventricular hyper-trophy:a two-dimensional speckle strain study显示文摘 | D′Andrea A De Corato G Scarafile R | | 0，，08： | 1 |
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