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| 1 | Dental remineralization via poly(amido amine) and restorative materials containing calcium phosphate nanoparticles显示文摘Tooth decay is prevalent,and secondary caries causes restoration failures,both of which are related to demineralization.There is an urgent need to develop new therapeutic materials with remineralization functions.This article represents the first review on the cutting edge research of poly(amido amine)(PAMAM) in combination with nanoparticles of amorphous calcium phosphate (NACP).PAMAM was excellent nucleation template,and could absorb calcium (Ca) and phosphate (P) ions via its functional groups to activate remineralization.NACP composite and adhesive showed acid-neutralization and Ca and P ion release capabilities.PAMAM +NACP together showed synergistic effects and produced triple benefits: excellent nucleation templates,superior acidneutralization,and ions release.Therefore,the PAMAM+NACP strategy possessed much greater remineralization capacity than using PAMAM or NACP alone.PAMAM+NACP achieved dentin remineralization even in an acidic solution without any initial Ca and P ions.Besides,the long-term remineralization capability of PAMAM+NACP was established.After prolonged fluid challenge,the immersed PAMAM with the recharged NACP still induced effective dentin mineral regeneration.Furthermore,the hardness of predemineralized dentin was increased back to that of healthy dentin,indicating a complete remineralization.Therefore,the novel PAMAM+NACP approach is promising to provide long-term therapeutic effects including tooth remineralization,hardness increase,and caries-inhibition capabilities. | Kunneng Liang Suping Wang Siying Tao Shimeng Xiao Han Zhou Ping Wang Lei Cheng Xuedong Zhou Michael D.Weir Thomas W.Oates Jiyao Li Hockin H.K.Xu | 2019 | International Journal of Oral Science2019，11，3： | 3 |
| 2 | Intrauterine growth restriction alters nutrient metabolism in the intestine of porcine offspring显示文摘Background:Intrauterine growth restriction(IUGR)has negative impacts on the postnatal survival,growth and development of humans and animals,with not only on newborns but also adulthood.However,the characteristics for nutrient digestion and absorption in IUGR offspring are still largely unknown.Therefore,the normal birth weight(NBW)and IUGR growing pigs were used in this study to investigate their differences in nutrient utilization,with an expectition for further nutritional optimization of the IUGR offspring during their later life.Methods:Twelve IUGR and 12 NBW growing pigs were fitted with catheters in their portal vein to measure blood flow rate as well as nutrients and metabolites in plasma.The digestibilities of nutrients in different intestinal segments,and bacterial fermentation in the large intestine were examined to reveal the characteristics of nutrients utilization in IUGR versus NBW pigs.Results:The rate of portal venous blood flow did not differ beween IUGR and NBW pigs.Plasma concentrations of total cholesterol,triglycerides and glucose were much lower but those of urea were higher in the portal vein of IUGR pigs,compared with the NBW pigs.The ileal digestibility of dry matter,gross energy and starch were lower in IUGR pigs than in NBW pigs.IUGR increased hindgut microbial diversity and bacterial fermentation activity in the caecum.In vitro cross-fermentation of ileal digesta by caecal microbes of NBW and IUGR pigs showed that gas production was much higher for IUGR ileal digesta regardless of the source of caecal inocula.Conclusion:IUGR impairs the nutrient digestion and absorption in small intestine,reduces caecal microbial diversity and promotes bacterial fermentation in the large intestine during the growing phase.These findings aid in our understanding of nutrient metabolism in IUGR pigs and provide the basis for future nutritional interventions. | Tiantian Li Shimeng Huang Long Lei Shiyu Tao Yi Xiong Guoyao Wu Jie Hu Xiongkun Yuan Shengjun Zhao Bin Zuo Hongjian Yang Yingping Xiao Gang Lin Junjun Wang | 2021 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2021，12，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Assessment of air temperatures from different meteorological reanalyses for the East Antarctic region between Zhongshan and Dome A显示文摘The accuracy of daily mean 2 meter air temperatures from five reanalyses are assessed against in-situ observations from Automatic Weather Stations in East Antarctica for 2005 to 2008.The five reanalyses all explain more than 70%of the average variance,and have annual root mean square errors(RMSE)between 3.4 and 6.9°C.The NOAA reanalyses,NCEP-1,NCEP-2and 20CRv2,have cool biases of 2.5,1.4 and 1.5°C,respectively.The ERA Interim and JCDAS reanalyses have warm biases of 1.7 and 2.0°C.All reanalyses generally perform better in the austral spring and worse in winter and autumn.They also show the best performance at an inland plateau site at 2800 m elevation,but are worst at Dome A,the summit of the East Antarctic ice sheet.In general,ERA Interim is superior to the other reanalyses,probably because of its 4D assimilation scheme.The three NOAA reanalyses perform worst;Their assimilation scheme is more constrained by limited observations and 20CRv2has less input data,assimilating only surface pressure observations.Despite deficiencies and limitations,the reanalyses are still powerful tools for climate studies in the Antarctic region.However,more in-situ observations are required,especially from the vast interior of Antarctica. | XIE AiHong Ian ALLISON XIAO CunDe WANG ShiMeng REN JiaWen QIN DaHe | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Targeting cAMP in D1-MSNs in the nucleus accumbens, a new rapid antidepressant strategy显示文摘Studies have suggested that the nucleus accumbens(NAc)is implicated in the pathophysiology of major depression;however,the regulatory strategy that targets the NAc to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit has not been elucidated.Here,we identified a specific reduction of cyclic adenosine monophosphate(cAMP)in the subset of dopamine D1 receptor medium spiny neurons(D1-MSNs)in the NAc that promoted stress susceptibility,while the stimulation of cAMP production in NAc D1-MSNs efficiently rescued depression-like behaviors.Ketamine treatment enhanced cAMP both in D1-MSNs and dopamine D2 receptor medium spiny neurons(D2-MSNs)of depressed mice,however,the rapid antidepressant effect of ketamine solely depended on elevating cAMP in NAc D1-MSNs.We discovered that a higher dose of crocin markedly increased cAMP in the NAc and consistently relieved depression 24 h after oral administration,but not a lower dose.The fast onset property of crocin was verified through multicenter studies.Moreover,crocin specifically targeted at D1-MSN cAMP signaling in the NAc to relieve depression and had no effect on D2-MSN.These findings characterize a new strategy to achieve an exclusive and outstanding anti-depression benefit by elevating cAMP in D1-MSNs in the NAc,and provide a potential rapid antidepressant drug candidate,crocin. | Yue Zhang Jingwen Gao Na Li Peng Xu Shimeng Qu Jinqian Cheng Mingrui Wang Xueru Li Yaheng Song Fan Xiao Xinyu Yang Jihong Liu Hao Hong Ronghao Mu Xiaotian Li Youmei Wang Hui Xu Yuan Xie Tianming Gao Guangji Wang Jiye Aa | 2024 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2024，14，2： | 0 |
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