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| 1 | Progress in China's Unconventional Oil & Gas Exploration and Development and Theoretical Technologies显示文摘The new century has witnessed a strategic breakthrough in unconventional oil & gas.Hydrocarbon accumulated in micro-/nano-scale pore throat shale systems has become an important domain that could replace current oil & gas resources.Unconventional oil & gas plays an increasingly important role in our energy demand.Tight gas,CBM,heavy oil and asphaltic sand have served as a key domain of exploration & development,with tight oil becoming a 'bright spot' domain and shale gas becoming a 'hotspot' domain.China has made great breakthroughs in unconventional oil & gas resources,such as tight gas,shale gas,tight oil and CBM,and great progress in oil shale,gas hydrate,heavy oil and oil sand.China has an estimated(223-263)×10~8t of unconventional oil resources and(890-1260)×l0^(12)m^3 of gas resources.China has made a breakthrough for progress in unconventional oil & gas study.New progress achieved in fine-grained sedimentary studies related to continental open lacustrine basin large-scale shallow-water delta sand bodies,lacustrine basin central sandy clastic flow sediments and marine-continental fine-grained sediments provide a theoretical basis for the formation and distribution of basin central reservoir bodies.Great breakthroughs have been made in unconventional reservoir geology in respect of research methodology & technology,multi-scale data merging and physical simulation of formation conditions.Overall characterization of unconventional reservoirs via multi-method and multi-scale becomes increasingly popular and facilitates the rapid development of unconventional oil & gas geological theory,method and technology.The formation of innovative,continuous hydrocarbon accumulation theory,the establishment of the framework of the unconventional oil & gas geological theory system,and the determination of the implications,geological feature,formation mechanism,distribution rule and core technology of unconventional oil& gas geological study lays a theoretical foundation for extensive unconventional oil & gas exploration and development.Theories and technologies of unconventional oil & gas exploration and development developed rapidly,including some key evaluation techniques such as 'sweet spot zone' integrated evaluation and a six-property evaluation technique that uses hydrocarbon source,lithology,physical property,brittleness,hydrocarbon potential and stress anisotropy,and some key development &engineering technologies including micro-seismic monitoring,horizontal drilling & completion and 'factory-like' operation pattern, 'man-made reservoir' development,which have facilitated the innovative development of unconventional oil & gas.These breakthroughs define a new understanding in four aspects:①theoretical innovation;② key technologies;③ complete market mechanism and national policy support;and ④ well-developed ground infrastructure,which are significant for prolonging the life cycle of petroleum industry,accelerating the upgrade and development of theories and technologies and altering the global traditional energy structure. | ZOU Caineng YANG Zhi ZHU Rukai ZHANG Guosheng HOU Lianhua WU Songtao TAO Shizhen YUAN Xuanjun DONG Dazhong WANG Yuman WANG Lan HUANG Jinliang WANG Shufang | 2015 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2015，89，3： | 27 |
| 2 | Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in tight-skin mice identifies miR-151-5p as a therapeutic target for systemic sclerosis显示文摘全身的硬化(SSc ) ,自体免疫的疾病,可以由于 IL4R/mTOR 小径的激活引起重要 osteopenia。间充质的干细胞移植(MSCT ) 能改善在经由导致有免疫力的忍耐的 SSc 的有免疫力的混乱。然而, MSCT 是否在 SSc 救 osteopenia 显型,是未知的。这里,我们证明 MSCT 能有效地改善在由 rescuing 的 SSc 老鼠的 osteopenia 损害了接受者骨头髓 MSC 的系区别。机械学地,我们证明施主 MSC 在 SSc 老鼠把 miR-151-5p 转移到接受者骨头髓 MSC 禁止 IL4R 表示,这样提高 osteogenic 区别和还原剂 adipogenic 区别的 downregulating mTOR 小径激活。而且, miR-151-5p 的全身的交货能够在 SSc 老鼠的 rescuing osteopenia,损害骨头髓 MSC,紧密的皮,和有免疫力的混乱,建议那 miR-151-5p 可以是为 SSc 治疗的一个特定的目标。我们发现在把 miRNAs 转移到接受者干细胞改善识别 MSCT 的一个以前未被认出的角色经由 rescuing 的 osteopenia 一条非编码的 RNA 小径。 | Chider Chen Dandan Wang Alireza Moshaverinia Dawei Liu Xiaoxing Kou Wenjing Yu Ruili Yang Lingyun Sun Songtao Shi | 2017 | Cell Research2017，27，4： | 26 |
| 3 | Surveillance, epidemiology, and pathogen spectrum of hand, foot, and mouth disease in mainland of China from 2008 to 2017显示文摘Hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD)was reported in May 2,2008 to be the 38th legally notifiable disease in China's National Notifiable Disease Reporting and Surveillance System.In order to solve the infection,an extensive three-level HFMD surveillance laboratory network was established.In this study,the framework of that network is assessed and the incidence of HFMD in China from 2008 to 2017 is reported using a descriptive epidemiologic method.During these 10 years,a series of techniques have been widely applied in all the network laboratories.Using information and material obtained from the network,a virus bank and database containing 18,238 viruses were established.Nationally,18,184,834 HFMD cases,including 152,436 severe cases and 3633 fatal cases,were reported in mainland of China.The average annual incidence in the population was 133.99/100,000 people,with a maximum incidence of 205.06/100,000 people in 2014.The incidence and mortality rates of HFMD were the highest in children aged 1–2 years.The numbers of reported cases fluctuated,with a high incidence observed every 2 years.An overall increase in the number of reported cases was also observed throughout the study period.Despite this,the incidence of severe cases and the mortality rate have been decreasing.High-risk regions are located in southern,eastern,and central China.Two peaks of HFMD infection cases were observed annually except for Northeast China.Different proportions of enterovirus serotypes were observed during the studied years.The predominant enterovirus varies from year to year,but the disease severity is always closely related to the specific serotype.EV-A71 is the dominant serotype associated with severe and fatal cases,with constituent ratios of 70.03%and 92.23%,respectively.The studied highly sensitive and efficient surveillance network provides information that is critical for prevention and control of the disease.It is extremely necessary and important to continuously conduct extensive virological surveillance for HFMD. | Tianjiao Ji Taoli Han Xiaojuan Tan Shuangli Zhu Dongmei Yan Qian Yang Yang Song Aili Cui Yan Zhang Naiying Mao Songtao Xu Zhen Zhu Dandan Niu Yong Zhang Wenbo Xu | 2019 | Biosafety and Health2019，1，1： | 26 |
| 4 | Circulating apoptotic bodies maintain mesenchymal stem cell homeostasis and ameliorate osteopenia via transferring multiple cellular factors显示文摘 | Dawei Liu Xiaoxing Kou Chider Chen Shiyu Liu Yao Liu Wenjing Yu Tingting Yu Ruili Yang Runci Wang Yanheng Zhou Songtao Shi | 2018 | Cell Research2018，28，9： | 17 |
| 5 | MicroRNA-663 induces immune dysregulation by inhibiting TGF-β1 production in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus显示文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are critical for immune regulation.Although several microRNAs(miRNAs)have been shown to participate in autoimmune pathogenesis by affecting lymphocyte development and function,the roles of miRNAs in MSC dysfunction in autoimmune diseases remain unclear.Here,we show that patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)display a unique miRNA signature in bone marrow-derived MSCs(BMSCs)compared with normal controls,among which miR-663 is closely associated with SLE disease activity.MiR-663 inhibits the proliferation and migration of BMSCs and impairs BMSC-mediated downregulation of follicular T helper(Tfh)cells and upregulation of regulatory T(Treg)cells by targeting transforming growth factorβ1(TGF-β1).MiR-663 overexpression weakens the therapeutic effect of BMSCs,while miR-663 inhibition improves the remission of lupus disease in MRL/lpr mice.Thus,miR-663 is a key mediator of SLE BMSC regulation and may serve as a new therapeutic target for the treatment of lupus. | Linyu Geng Xiaojun Tang Kangxing Zhou Dandan Wang Shiying Wang Genhong Yao Weiwei Chen Xiang Gao Wanjun Chen Songtao Shi Nan Shen Xuebing Feng Lingyun Sun | 2019 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2019，16，3： | 16 |
| 6 | Influence Analysis of Secondary O-ring Seals in Dynamic Behavior of Spiral Groove Gas Face Seals显示文摘The current research on secondary O-ring seals used in mechanical seals has begun to focus on their dynamic properties. However, detailed analysis of the dynamic properties of O-ring seals in spiral groove gas face seals is lacking. In particular a transient study and a difference analysis of steady-state and transient performance are imperative. In this paper, a case study is performed to gauge the effect of secondary O-ring seals on the dynamic behavior(steady-state performance and transient performance) of face seals. A numerical finite element method(FEM) model is developed for the dynamic analysis of spiral groove gas face seals with a flexibly mounted stator in the axial and angular modes. The rotor tilt angle, static stator tilt angle and O-ring damping are selected to investigate the effect of O-ring seals on face seals during stable running operation. The results show that the angular factor can be ignored to save time in the simulation under small damping or undamped conditions. However, large O-ring damping has an enormous effect on the angular phase difference of mated rings, affecting the steady-state performance of face seals and largely increasing the possibility of face contact that reduces the service life of face seals. A pressure drop fluctuation is carried out to analyze the effect of O-ring seals on the transient performance of face seals. The results show that face seals could remain stable without support stiffness and O-ring damping during normal stable operation but may enter a large-leakage state when confronting instantaneous fluctuations. The oscillation-amplitude shortening effect of O-ring damping on the axial mode is much greater than that on the angular modes and O-ring damping prefers to cater for axial motion at the cost of angular motion. This research proposes a detailed dynamic-property study of O-ring seals in spiral groove gas face seals, to assist in the design of face seals. | HU Songtao HUANG Weifeng LIU Xiangfeng WANG Yuming | 2016 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2016，29，3： | 14 |
| 7 | Achieve Personalized Anonymity Through Query Blocks Exchanging显示文摘In cyberspace security,the privacy in location-based services(LBSs) becomes more critical. In previous solutions,a trusted third party(TTP) was usually employed to provide disturbance or obfuscation,but it may become the single point of failure or service bottleneck. In order to cope with this drawback,we focus on another important class,establishing anonymous group through short-range communication to achieve k-anonymity with collaborative users. Along with the analysis of existing algorithms,we found users in the group must share the same maximum anonymity degree,and they could not ease the process of preservation in a lower one. To cope with this problem,we proposed a random-QBE algorithm to put up with personalized anonymity in user collaboration algorithms,and this algorithm could preserve both query privacy and location privacy. Then we studied the attacks from passive and active adversaries and used entropy to measure user's privacy level. Finally,experimental evaluations further verify its effectiveness and efficiency. | Chunguang Ma Lei Zhang Songtao Yang Xiaodong Zheng Pinhui Ke | 2016 | China Communications2016，13，11： | 13 |
| 8 | Evidence of the Near-Source Accumulation of the Tight Sandstone Gas in Northern Ordos Basin,North-Central China显示文摘The tight sandstone gas in Upper Paleozoic Formation of the northern Ordos Basin is a typical giant unconventional tight gas province. Evidences from geochemistry, reservoir geology and paleotectonic setting all verify that the present-day tight sandstone gas accumulation in the Ordos Basin is the result of near-source accumulation. The evidences are listed as following: tight sandstone gas is mainly distributed in the area with high gas-generating strength; gas composition was not subjected to fractionation; gas saturation significantly decreases with the distance away from the source rocks; gas isotopes suggest their origin is the same and maturity is consistent with in-place source rocks; reservoirs have experienced three types of densification digenesis, including intense compaction, siliceous cementation and calcareous cementation, which took place before the formation of a large amount of tight sandstone gas, forming tight reservoirs with low porosity and permeability, fine pore throat and great capillary resistance; the paleo-structural gradient ratio is small from the main hydrocarbon generation period to present. It is indicated the present distribution of tight sandstone gas in the northern Ordos Basin is the result of near-source and short-distance migration and accumulation. | YANG Zhi LI Qiyan WU Songtao LIN Senhu LIU Xinshen | 2017 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2017，91，5： | 13 |
| 9 | Characteristics and Origin of Tight Oil Accumulations in the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation of the Ordos Basin,North-Central China显示文摘The Upper Triassic oil accumulations in the Ordos Basin is the most successful tight oil play in China,with average porosity values of less than 10% and permeability values below 1.0 mD.This study investigated the geological characteristics and origin of the tight oil accumulations in the Chang 6 member of the Upper Triassic Yanchang Formation in the Shanbei area based on over 50,000 petrological,source-rock analysis,well logging and production data.The tight oil accumulation of the Chang 6 member is distributed continuously in the basin slope and the centre of the basin.The oilwater relationships are complex.Laumontite dissolution pores are the most important storage spaces,constituting 30%-60% of total porosity and showing a strong positive relationship with oil production.The pore-throat diameter is less than 1 μm,and the calculated critical height of the oil column is much larger than the tight sand thickness,suggesting that the buoyancy was probably of limited importance for oil migration.The pressure difference between the source rocks and sandstone reservoirs is inferred to have provided driving force for hydrocarbon migration.Two factors of source-reservoir configuration and laumontite dissolution contributed to the formation of the Chang 6 tight oil accumulations.Intense hydrocarbon generation and continuous sand bodies close to the hydrocarbon kitchen are the foundation for the large-scale oil distribution.Dissolution of feldspar-laumontite during the process of organic matter evolution generated abundant secondary pores and improved the reservoir quality. | WU Songtao ZOU Caineng ZHU Rukai YAO Jingli TAO Shizhen YANG Zhi ZHAI Xiufen CUI Jingwei LIN Senhu | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，5： | 13 |
| 10 | Concentrations and gas-particle partitioning of PCDD/Fs in the urban air of Dalian,China显示文摘PCDD/Fs in the urban air of Dalian,China were monitored with high-volume active sampler from November 2009 to October 2010.The concentration of Cl 4-8 DD/Fs ranged from 3065 to 49538 fg m-3,with an average of 10249 fg m-3.The international toxic equivalents(I-TEQ) value of that was 61.8 1182 fg m-3,with an average of 235 fg m-3,which was comparable to those in the other urban locations around the world.It was found that the Cl 4 8 DD/Fs appeared to be present mainly in the particle phase during winter,spring and autumn,while during summer which were dominantly in gas phase.The ratio of Cl 4-8 DD/Fs present in particle phase increased with the increasing level of chlorination.The concentrations of PCDFs and PCDDs decreased with the increase of chlorinated level,while the concentrations of 2,3,7,8-PCDDs congeners increased with the increase of chlorination level.The homolog profiles of the concentrations of PCDFs presented were higher than those of the PCDDs,which indicated the PCDD/Fs pollution source of the air in Dalian was characteristic for thermal source pollution.The correlation analysis of meteorological parameters with the concentrations of Cl 4-8 CDD/Fs was conducted using SPSS packages,and it was found that the ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure were important factors influence the concentration of PCDD/Fs in the air.The respiratory risk and intake dioxins of the residents around the sampling sites were studied in the paper.It was found that Junge-Pankow model was much more accurate in predicting the gas-particle partitioning behavior of PCDD/Fs homologues during winter,while the Harner-Bidleman model shows better agreement with the measured data during winter and summer. | QIN SongTao ZHU XiuHua WANG Wei CHEN JiPing NI YuWen LI XiaoXiao MU Jun Xu Qian SCHRAMM Karl-Werner | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，26： | 10 |
| 11 | Methods for Shale Gas Play Assessment: A Comparison between Silurian Longmaxi Shale and Mississippian Barnett Shale显示文摘Based on field work, organic geochemical analyses and experimental testing, a six-property assessment method for shale gas is proposed. These six properties include organic matter properies, lithofacies, petrophysical properties, gas content, brittleness and local stress field. Due to the features of continuous distribution over a large area and low resource abundance in shale plays, a sweet spot should have these following properties:(a) TOC>2%;(b) brittle minerals content(>40%) and clay minerals(<30%);(c) Ro(>1.1%);(d) porosity(>2%) and permeability(>0.000 1 m D), and(e) effective thickness(30–50 m). Applying these criteria in the Sichuan Basin, the Silurian Longmaxi shale consists of four prospecting sweet spots, including blocks of Changning, Weiyuan, Zhaotong and Fushun-Yongchuan. Although these four blocks have some similarities, different features were usually observed. After comprehensive analyses using the six-property assessment method, the Fushun-Yongan Block ranks the most favorable sweet spot, followed by the Weiyuan Block. For the other two blocks, the Changning Block is better than the Zhaotong Block. By comparing with the Mississippian Barnett shale, characteristics that are crucial for a high-yielding in the Sichuan Basin include a high content of organic matter(TOC>2.5%), a moderate thermal maturity(Ro=0.4%–2%), a high content of brittle minerals(quartz: 30%–45%), a high gas content(>2.5 m3?t-1), and types I and II1 kerogen. | Songqi Pan Caineng Zou Zhi Yang Dazhong Dong Yuman Wang Shufang Wang Songtao Wu Jinliang Huang Qun Liu Dule Wang Ziyuan Wang | 2015 | Journal of Earth Science2015，26，2： | 10 |
| 12 | Study on the Effects of End-bend Cantilevered Stator in a 2-stage Axial Compressor显示文摘Leading edge recambering is applied to the cantilevered stator vanes in a 2-stage compressor in this paper. Differentcurving effects are produced when the end-bend stator vanes are stacked in different ways. Stacking on theleading edge induces a positive curving effect near the casing.When it is stacked on the centre of gravity, a negativecurving effect takes place. The numerical investigation shows that the flow field is redistributed when theend-bend stators with leading edge stacking are applied. The variations in the stage matching for the mainstreamand near the hub have an impact on the performance of the 2-stage compressor. The isentropic efficiency and thetotal pressure ratio of the compressor are increased near the design condition. The compressor total pressure ratiois decreased near choke and near stall. The maximum flow rate is reduced and the stall margin is decreased. | Songtao WANG Xin DU Zhongqi WANG Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. BOX 458, Harbin 150001, China | 2009 | Journal of Thermal Science2009，18，2： | 9 |
| 13 | Shale Gas Formation and Occurrence in China: An Overview of the Current Status and Future Potential显示文摘Shale gas is one of the most promising unconventional resources both in China and abroad. It is known as a form of self-contained source-reservoir system with large and continuous dimensions. Through years of considerable exploration efforts, China has identified three large shale gas fields in the Fuling, Changning and Weiyuan areas of the Sichuan Basin, and has announced more than 540 billion m^3 of proven shale gas reserves in marine shale systems. The geological theories for shale gas development have progressed rapidly in China as well. For example, the new depositional patterns have been introduced for deciphering the paleogeography and sedimentary systems of the Wufeng shale and Longmaxi shale in the Sichuan Basin. The shale gas storage mechanism has been widely accepted as differing from conventional natural gas in that it is adsorbed on organic matter or a mineral surface or occurs as free gas trapped in pores and fractures of the shale. Significant advances in the techniques of microstructural characterization have provided new insights on how gas molecules are stored in micro- and nano-scale porous shales. Furthermore, newly-developed concepts and practices in the petroleum industry, such as hydraulic fracturing, microseismic monitoring and multiwell horizontal drilling, have made the production of this unevenly distributed but promising unconventional natural gas a reality. China has 10–36 trillion m^3 of promising shale gas among the world's whole predicted technically recoverable reserves of 206.6 trillion m^3. China is on the way to achieving its goal of an annual yield of 30–50 billion m^3 by launching more trials within shale gas projects. | ZOU Caineng YANG Zhi PAN Songqi CHEN Yanyan LIN Senhu HUANG Jinliang WU Songtao DONG Dazhong WANG Shufang LIANG Feng SUN Shasha HUANG Yong WENG Dingwei | 2016 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2016，90，4： | 9 |
| 14 | Alpl prevents bone ageing sensitivity by specifically regulating senescence and differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells显示文摘Mutations in the liver/bone/kidney alkaline phosphatase(Alpl) gene cause hypophosphatasia(HPP) and early-onset bone dysplasia,suggesting that this gene is a key factor in human bone development. However, how and where Alpl acts in bone ageing is largely unknown. Here, we determined that ablation of Alpl induces prototypical premature bone ageing characteristics, including bone mass loss and marrow fat gain coupled with elevated expression of p16^(INK4A)(p16) and p53 due to senescence and impaired differentiation in mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs). Mechanistically, Alpl deficiency in MSCs enhances ATP release and reduces ATP hydrolysis. Then, the excessive extracellular ATP is, in turn, internalized by MSCs and causes an elevation in the intracellular ATP level, which consequently inactivates the AMPKα pathway and contributes to the cell fate switch of MSCs. Reactivating AMPKα by metformin treatment successfully prevents premature bone ageing in Alpl+/-mice by improving the function of endogenous MSCs.These results identify a previously unknown role of Alpl in the regulation of ATP-mediated AMPKα alterations that maintain MSC stemness and prevent bone ageing and show that metformin offers a potential therapeutic option. | Wenjia Liu Liqiang Zhang Kun Xuan Chenghu Hu Shiyu Liu Li Liao Bei Li Fang Jin Songtao Shi Yan Jin | 2018 | Bone Research2018，6，4： | 9 |
| 15 | Automatic detection of oceanic eddies in reanalyzed SST images and its application in the East China Sea显示文摘Oceanic eddies may cause local sea surface temperature(SST), height, and salinity anomalies in remote sensing(RS) images. Remote sensed SST imagery has proven to be an effective technique in oceanic eddy detection, because of its high temporal and spatial resolution. Various techniques have been used to identify eddies from SST images. However, mainly owing to the strong morphological variation of oceanic eddies, there is arguably no uniquely correct eddy detection method. A scheme of algorithm based on quasi-contour tracing and clustering of eddy detection from SST dataset is presented. The method does not impose fixed restrictions or limitations during the course of 'suspected' eddy detection, and any eddy-like structures can be detected as 'suspected' eddies. Then, 'true' eddies can be identified based on the combination of intensity and spatial/temporal scale criteria. This approach has been applied to detect eddies in the East China Sea by using Operational SST & Sea Ice Analysis(OSTIA) dataset. Experiments proved that oceanic eddies ranging in diameter from tens to hundreds of kilometers can be detected. Through investigation of the 2007–2011 OSTIA daily SST dataset from the Kuroshio region in the East China Sea, we found that the most active regions for oceanic eddies are those along the Kuroshio path, northeast of Taiwan Island, the Yangtze Estuary and the Ryukyu Islands. About 86% of the cyclonic eddies and 87% of the anticyclonic eddies have the size of 50–100 km in diameter. Only 25% of the anticyclonic eddy and 26% of the cyclonic eddy have the strength more than 0.4°C in the sea surface layer. | ZHANG ChunHua LI HongLin LIU SongTao SHAO LianJun ZHAO Zhao LIU HongWei | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，12： | 8 |
| 16 | Preventive Control for Power System Transient Security Based on XGBoost and DCOPF with Consideration of Model Interpretability显示文摘This paper proposes a new approach for online power system transient security assessment(TSA)and preventive control based on XGBoost and DC optimal power flow(DCOPF).The novelty of this proposal is that it applies the XGBoost and data selection method based on the 1-norm distance in local feature importance evaluation which can provide a certain model interpretability.The method of SMOTE+ENN is adopted for data rebalancing.The contingency-oriented XGBoost model is trained with databases generated by time domain simulations to represent the transient security constraint in the DCOPF model,which has a relatively fast speed of calculation.The transient security constrained generation rescheduling is implemented with the differential evolution algorithm,which is utilized to optimize the rescheduled generation in the preventive control.Feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach are demonstrated on an IEEE 39-bus test system and a 500-bus operational model for South Carolina,USA. | Songtao Zhang Dongxia Zhang Ji Qiao Xinying Wang Zhijian Zhang | 2021 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2021，7，2： | 8 |
| 17 | A subset of IL-17+ mesenchymal stem cells possesses anti-Candida albicans effect显示文摘骨头髓间充质的干细胞(MSC ) 与深刻 immunomodulatory 性质包括出生后的祖先房间的一张异构的人口,例如 Foxp3 + 的 upregulation 规章的 T 房间(Tregs ) 和 Th17 房间的 downregulation。然而,它是未知的是否不同 MSC subpopulations 拥有 immunomodulatory 的一样的范围功能。这里,我们证明生产 IL-17 的单个导出殖民地的 MSC 的一个子集与体积 MSC 人口不同因为它不能 upregulate Tregs, downregulate Th17 房间,或改善在一只大肠炎老鼠的疾病显型当模特儿。机械学地,我们揭示那 IL-17,由这些 MSC 生产了,激活 NFκ B 小径到 downregulate TGF-β在 MSC 的生产,导致基于 MSC 的 immunomodulation 的废除。而且,我们显示出那 NFκ B 能直接绑在 TGF-β倡导者区域将调整 TGF-β在 MSC 的表示。而且,这些 IL-17 + MSC 在 C 在 vitro 和治疗学的效果拥有 anti-Candida albicans 生长效果。感染 albicans 的老鼠。在摘要,这研究证明 MSC 包含能够禁止 C 的一个 IL-17 + 子集。albicans 生长,而是 attenuating 经由 NFκ 的基于 MSC 的免疫力的抑制; TGF-β 的调停 B 的 downregulation;。 | Ruili Yang Yi Liu Peyman Kelk Cunye Qu Kentaro Akiyama Chider Chen Ikiru Atsuta WanJun Chen Yanheng Zhou Songtao Shi | 2013 | Cell Research2013，23，1： | 8 |
| 18 | Evaluating the reliability of microsatellite genotyping from low-quality DNA templates with a polynomial distribution model显示文摘Molecular studies using trace DNA, such as from museum specimens, ancient or forensic samples and samples obtained noninvasively, often have a common problem of low quality of DNA templates. Amplification errors, such as allelic dropout and false allele, may arise during polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using such samples. A mathematical model which treats homozygotes and heterozygotes discriminately has been developed to measure sample quality and compute the confidence level of using multipletube approaches. We use plucked hair samples collected from 26 individual Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxel- lana) to test the model. In this case, a confidence level of 99% can be achieved by three positive PCRs. If the sample quality is very poor and requires many PCR replicates, an alternative multiplestep genotyping method is recommended. This model enables researchers to optimize experimental protocols through pilot studies and obtain reliable genetic information using noninvasive sampling method. | HE Gangi HUANG Kang GUO SongTao JI WeiHong QI XiaoGuang REN Yi JIN XueLin LI BaoGuo | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，24： | 8 |
| 19 | Infrared image segmentation method based on 2D histogram shape modification and optimal objective function显示文摘In the methods of image thresholding segmentation,such methods based on two-dimensional(2D) histogram and optimal objective functions are important.However,when they are used for infrared image segmentation,they are weak in suppressing background noises and worse in segmenting targets with non-uniform gray level.The concept of 2D histogram shape modification is proposed,which is realized by target information prior restraint after enhancing target information using plateau histogram equalization.The formula of 2D minimum Renyi entropy is deduced for image segmentation,then the shape-modified 2D histogram is combined with four optimal objective functions(i.e.,maximum between-class variance,maximum entropy,maximum correlation and minimum Renyi entropy) respectively for the application of infrared image segmentation.Simultaneously,F-measure is introduced to evaluate the segmentation effects objectively.The experimental results show that F-measure is an effective evaluation index for image segmentation since its value is fully consistent with the subjective evaluation,and after 2D histogram shape modification,the methods of optimal objective functions can overcome their original forms' deficiency and their segmentation effects are more or less improvements,where the best one is the maximum entropy method based on 2D histogram shape modification. | Songtao Liu Donghua Gao Fuliang Yin | 2013 | Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics2013，24，3： | 8 |
| 20 | A mesoscale eddy detection method of specific intensity and scale from SSH image in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific显示文摘Mesoscale eddies exist almost everywhere in the ocean and play important roles in the ocean circulation of the world. These eddies may cause sound spread singular regions and bring great influences to the upwater ship and underwater aircraft. Due to the lack of hydrographic survey datasets, study of mesoscale eddies has been greatly restricted. Fortunately, satellite altimeter provided an effective way to study mesoscale eddies. An automatic detection algorithm is introduced to detect mesoscale eddies of specific intensity and spatial/temporal scale based on satellite sea surface height(SSH) data and the algorithm is applied in a strong eddy activity region: the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific. The algorithm includes four steps. The first step is preprocessing of the SSH image, which includes elimination of error SSH data and interpolation. The second step is to detect suspected mesoscale eddies from preprocessed SSH images by dynamic threshold adjustment and morphological method, and the suspected mesoscale eddy detection includes two procedures: suspected mesoscale eddy core region detection and suspected mesoscale eddy brim extraction. The third step is to pick out mesoscale eddies satisfied with specified criteria from suspected mesoscale eddies. The criteria include three items, that is, intensity criterion, spatial scale, criterion and temporal scale criterion. The last step is algorithm performance analysis and verification. The algorithm has the capability of adaptive parameter adjustment, and can extract mesoscale eddies of interested intensity and spatial/temporal scale. The paper can provide a basis for analyzing space-time characteristics of mesoscale eddy in the South China Sea and the Northwest Pacific. | ZHANG ChunHua XI XiaoLiang LIU SongTao SHAO LianJun HU XiaoHua | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，8： | 8 |
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