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| 1 | Mechanisms of Optimal Defense Patterns in Nicotiana attenuata: Flowering Attenuates Herbivory-elicited Ethylene and Jasmonate Signaling显示文摘To defend themselves against herbivore attack,plants produce secondary metabolites,which are variously inducible and constitutively deployed,presumably to optimize their fitness benefits in light of their fitness costs.Three phytohormones,jasmonates (JA) and their active forms,the JA-isoleucine (JA-Ile) and ethylene (ET),are known to play central roles in the elicitation of induced defenses,but little is known about how this mediation changes over ontogeny.The Optimal Defense Theory (ODT) predicts changes in the costs and benefits of the different types of defenses and has been usefully extrapolated to their modes of deployment.Here we studied whether the herbivore-induced accumulation of JA,JA-Ile and ET changed over ontogeny in Nicotiana attenuata,a native tobacco in which inducible defenses are particularly well studied.Herbivore-elicited ET production changed dramatically during six developmental stages,from rosette through flowering,decreasing with the elongation of the first corollas during flower development.This decrease was largely recovered within a day after flower removal by decapitation.A similar pattern was found for the herbivore-induced accumulation of JA and JA-Ile.These results are consistent with ODT predictions and suggest that the last steps in floral development control the inducibility of at least three plant hormones,optimizing defense-growth tradeoffs. | Celia Diezel Silke Allmann Ian T.Baldwin | 2011 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2011，53，12： | 11 |
| 2 | Jasmonate signaling makes flowers attractive to pollinators and repellant to florivores in nature显示文摘Flowers are required for the Darwinian fitness of flowering plants,but flowers’advertisements for pollination services can attract florivores.Previous glasshouse work with Nicotiana attenuata revealed the role of jasmonate(JA)signaling in flower development,advertisement and defense.However,whether JA signaling mediates flowers’filtering of floral visitors in nature remained unknown.This field study revealed that silencing JA signaling resulted in flowers that produce less nectar and benzyl acetone,two pollinatorattractive traits.Meanwhile,flowers of defenseless plants were highly attacked by a suite of native herbivores,and damage to buds in native plants correlated negatively with their JA-Ile levels.Letter to the | ran li meredith c.schuman yang wang lucas cortes llorca julia bing anne bennion rayko halitschke ian t.baldwin | 2018 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2018，60，3： | 2 |
| 3 | Nicotiana attenuata's capacity to interact with arbuscular mycorrhiza alters its competitive ability and elicits major changes in the leaf transcriptome显示文摘To study the local and systemic effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal(AMF) colonization, Nicotiana attenuata plants impaired in their interactions with AMF due to silencing of a calcium-and calmodulin dependent protein kinase(inverted repreat(ir)CCaMK) were grown competitively in pairs with empty vector(EV) plants, with and without two different types of inoculum. When inoculated, EV plants strongly outperformed irCCaMK plants. Foliar transcript profiling revealed that AMF colonization significantly changed gene expression of P-starvation and-transporter genes in irCCaMK plants. The Pht1 family phosphate transporter NaPT_5 was not only specifically induced in roots after AMF colonization, but also in leaves of AMF-colonized irCCaMK plants, and in plants grown under low Pi conditions in the Hi gabsence of AMF. The P-starvation signature of inoculated irCCaMK plants corresponded with increases in selected amino acids and phenolic compounds in leaves. We also found a strong AMF-induced increase in amino acids and phenolic metabolites in roots. Plants impaired in their interactions with AMF clearly have a fitness disadvantage when competing for limited soil nutrients with a fully functional isogenic line. The additional role of the AMF-induced Pht1 family transporter NaPT_5 in leaves under P-starvation conditions will require further experiments to fully resolve. | Ming Wang Julia Wilde Ian T.Baldwin Karin Groten | 2018 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2018，60，3： | 2 |
| 4 | Co(i)‐ordinating defenses: NaCOI1 mediates herbivore‐ induced resistance in Nicotiana ?attenuata and reveals the role of herbivore movement in avoiding defenses显示文摘 | AnjaPaschold RaykoHalitschke Ian T.Baldwin | 2007 | The Plant Journal2007，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | The evolutionary context for herbivore-induced plant volatiles:beyond the 'cry for help'显示文摘 | MARCEL DICKE IAN T.BALDWIN | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 6 | ZEITLUPE is required for shade avoidance in the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata^FA显示文摘Being shaded is a common environmental stress for plants, especial y for densely planted crops. Shade de-creases red: far-red (R:FR) ratios that inactivate phyto-chrome B (PHYB) and subsequently release phytochrome interaction factors (PIFs). Shaded plants display elongated hypocotyls, internodes, and petioles, hyponastic leaves, early flowering and are inhibited in branching: traits col ectively cal ed the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS). ZEITLUPE (ZTL) is a circadian clock component and blue light photoreceptor, which is also involved in floral rhythms and plant defense in Nicotiana attenuata. ztl mutants are hypersensitive to red light and ZTL physical y interacts with PHYB, suggesting the involvement of ZTL in R:FR light signaling. Here, we show that N. attenuata ZTL-silenced plants display a phenotype op-posite to that of the SAS under normal light. After simulated shade, the normal y induced transcript levels of the SAS mar-ker gene, ATHB2 are attenuated in ZTL-silenced plants. The auxin signaling pathway, known to be involved in SAS, was also significantly attenuated. Furthermore, NaZTL directly in-teracts with NaPHYBs, and regulates the transcript levels of PHYBs, PIF3a, PIF7 and PIF8 under shade. Our results suggest that ZTL may regulate PHYB- and the auxin-mediated sig-naling pathway, which functions in the SAS of N. attenuata. | Yong Zou Ran Li Ian T.Baldwin | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2020，62，9： | 1 |
| 7 | Olive fruits infested with olive fly larvae respond with an ethylene burst and the emission of specific volatiles显示文摘Olive fly(Bactrocera oleae R.) is the most harmful insect pest of olive(Olea europaea L.) which strongly affects fruits and oil production. Despite the expanding economic importance of olive cultivation, up to now, only limited information on plant responses to B. oleae is available. Here,we demonstrate that olive fruits respond to B. oleae attack by producing changes in an array of different defensive compounds including phytohormones, volatile organic compounds(VOCs), and defense proteins. Bactrocera oleaeinfested fruits induced a strong ethylene burst and transcript levels of several putative ethylene-responsive transcription factors became significantly upregulated. Moreover, infested fruits induced significant changes in the levels of 12-oxophytodienoic acid and C12 derivatives of the hydroperoxide lyase. The emission of VOCs was also changed quantitatively and qualitatively in insect-damaged fruits, indicating that B.oleae larval feeding can specifically affect the volatile blend offruits. Finally, we show that larval infestation maintained high levels of trypsin protease inhibitors in ripe fruits, probably by affecting post-transcriptional mechanisms. Our results provide novel and important information to understand the response of the olive fruit to B. oleae attack; information that can shed light onto potential new strategies to combat this pest. | Fiammetta Alagna Mario Kallenbach Andrea Pompa Francesca De Marchis Rosa Rao Ian T.Baldwin Gustavo Bonaventure Luciana Baldoni | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2016，58，4： | 1 |
| 8 | Can an evidence-based fall prevention program be translated for use in culturally diverse communities?显示文摘Older adult falls are a significant public health problem,but one that is amenable to preventive interventions.1,2 Despite the progress made in identifying risk factors,developing efficacious health-related interventions,and promoting evidencebased programs in the community,much work remains before these strategies are broadly available and effectively used to reduce fall-related injuries.3 As Newton and ScottFindlay4 have pointed out,the translation of basic scientific knowledge into clinical studies,and the transformation of clinical studies into improvements in health services and public health practices,remain major obstacles to widespread adoption. | David A.Sleet Grant T.Baldwin | 2014 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2014，3，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Fitness consequences of a clock pollinator filter in Nicotiana attenuata flowers in nature显示文摘Nicotiana attenuata flowers, diurnally open,emit scents and move vertically to interact with nocturnal hawkmoth and day-active hummingbird pollinators. To examine the fitness consequences of these floral rhythms, we conducted pollination trials in the plant's native habitat with phase-shifted flowers of plants silenced in circadian clock genes. The results revealed that some pollination benefits observed under glasshouse conditions were not reproduced under natural field conditions. Floral arrhythmicity increased pollination success by hummingbirds, while reducing those by hawkmoths in the field. Thus, floral circadian rhythms may influence a plant's fitness by filtering pollinators leading to altered seed set from outcrossed pollen. | felipe yon danny kessler youngsung joo sang-gyu kim ian t.baldwin | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2017，59，11： | 1 |
| 10 | Transfer of Training:AReview and Directions for Future Research显示文摘 | Timothy T.Baldwin J.Kevin Ford | | 0，，41： | 1 |
| 11 | The circadian clock contributes to diurnal patterns of plant indirect defense in nature显示文摘The plant circadian clock regulates the rhythms of plant metabolism.Many herbivore-induced plant volatiles(HIPVs)fluctuate,diurnally,but the role of the circadian clock in the emission of HIPVs and their ecological consequences remains largely unknown.Here,we show that the timing of herbivore attack can alter the outcome of tri-trophic interactions,and this is mediated by the circadian clock,under both field and glasshouse conditions.Although most HIPV emissions did not have a circadian rhythm,the circadian clock modulated HIPV emissions in a time-dependent manner.HIPVs mediate tri-trophic interactions,and the circadian clock may affect these interactions by modulating HIPV emission in nature. | Youngsung Joo Jay K.Goldberg Lucille T.S.Chretien Sang-Gyu Kim Ian T.Baldwin Meredith C.Schuman | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2019，61，8： | 1 |
| 12 | Sex ratio of mirid populations shifts in response to hostplant co-infestation or altered cytokinin signaling显示文摘Herbivore species sharing a host plant often compete. In this study, we show that host plant-mediated interaction between two insect herbivores-a generalist and a specialist-results in a sex ratio shift of the specialist's offspring. We studied demographic parameters of the specialist Tupiocoris notatus(Hemiptera: Miridae)when co-infesting the host plant Nicotiana attenuata(Solanaceae) with the generalist leafhopper Empoasca sp.(Hemiptera: Cicadellidae). We show that the usually female-biased sex ratio of T. notatus shifts toward a higher male proportion in the offspring on plants coinfested by Empoasca sp. This sex ratio change did not occur after oviposition, nor is it due differential mortality of female and male nymphs. Based on pyrosequencing and PCR of bacterial 16 S rRNA amplicons, we concluded that sex ratio shifts were unlikely to be due to infection with Wolbachia or other known sex ratio-distorting endosymbionts. Finally, we used transgenic lines of N.attenuata to evaluate if the sex ratio shift could be mediated by changes in general or specialized host plant metabolites. We found that the sex ratio shift occurred on plants deficient in two cytokinin receptors(irCHK2/3).Thus, cytokinin-regulated traits can alter the offspring sex ratio of the specialist T.notatus. | Nora Adam Theresa Erler Mario Kallenbach Martin Kaltenpoth Grit Kunert Ian T.Baldwin Meredith C.Schuman | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2017，59，1： | 0 |
| 13 | Shifting Nicotiana attenuata's diurnal rhythm does not alter its resistance to the specialist herbivore Manduca sexta显示文摘Arabidopsis thaliana plants are less resistant to attack by the generalist lepidopteran herbivore Trichoplusia ni when plants and herbivores are entrained to opposite, versus identical diurnal cycles and tested under constant conditions.This effect is associated with circadian fluctuations in levels of jasmonic acid, the transcription factor MYC2, and glucosinolate contents in leaves. We tested whether a similar effect could be observed in a different plant–herbivore system: the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata and its co-evolved specialist herbivore, Manduca sexta. We measured larval growth on plants under both constant and diurnal conditions following identical or opposite entrainment, profiled the metabolome of attacked leaf tissue, quantified specific metabolites known to reduce M. sexta growth, and monitored M. sexta feeding activity under all experimental conditions. Entrainment did not consistently affect M. sexta growth or plant defense induction.However, both were reduced under constant dark conditions,as was M. sexta feeding activity. Our data indicate that the response induced by M. sexta in N. attenuata is robust to diurnal cues and independent of plant or herbivore entrainment. We propose that while the patterns of constitutive or general damage-induced defense may undergo circadian fluctuation, the orchestration of specific induced responses is more complex. | Jasmin Herden Stefan Meldau Sang-Gyu Kim Grit Kunert Youngsung Joo lan T.Baldwin Meredith C.Schuman | 2016 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2016，58，7： | 0 |
| 14 | Natural variation in linalool metabolites:One genetic locus,many functions?显示文摘The ubiquitous volatile linalool is metabolized in plants to nonvolatile derivatives.We studied Nicotiana attenuata plants which naturally vary in(S)-(+)-linalool contents,and lines engineered to produce either(R)-(-)-or(S)-(+)-linalool.Only(S)-(+)-linalool production was associated with slower growth of a generalist herbivore,and a large fraction was present as nonvolatile derivatives.We found that variation in volatile linalool and its nonvolatile glycosides mapped to the same genetic locus which harbored the biosynthetic gene,NaLIS,but that free linalool varied more in environmental responses.This study reveals how(S)-(+)-linalool and conjugates differ in their regulation and possible functions in resistance. | Jun He Rayko Halitschke Ian T.Baldwin Meredith C.Schuman | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2021，63，8： | 0 |
| 15 | 时间域网络解析器的精确度和速度在电力系统中的应用显示文摘通过比较5个商业软件包的精确度和执行时间,论文研究了具有固定时间和变换时间的网络仿真方法的性能差异。包含了多个三相二极管整理器和一个PWM电压源反向器的一系列基准实例显示:固定时间步长法对于线整流电路执行时间更具有优越性。然而,为了得到准确的结果,即使较低的开关频率PWM应用可能也需要非常小的时间步长。得到如下结论:当使用太大时间步长时,即使波形看起来是正确的, PWM反向器控制信号也可能有严重的错误。 | M.Steurer S.Woodruff R.Wen H.Lee T.Baldwin | 2007 | 变频器世界2007，，6： | 0 |
| 16 | NaMYB8 regulates distinct,optimally distributed herbivore defense traits显示文摘When herbivores attack, plants specifically reconfigure their metabolism. Herbivory on the wild tobacco Nicotiana attenuata strongly induces the R2R3 MYB transcriptional activator MYB8, which was reported to specifically regulate the accumulation of phenolamides(PAs). We discovered that transcriptional regulation of trypsin protease inhibitors(TPIs) and a threonine deaminase(TD) also depend on MYB8 expression. Induced distributions of PAs, TD and TPIs all meet predictions of optimal defense theory: their leaf concentrations increase with the fitness value and the probability of attack of the tissue. Therefore, we suggest that these defensive compounds have evolved to be co-regulated by MYB8. | Martin Schafer Christoph Brutting Shuqing Xu Zhihao Ling Anke Steppuhn lan T.Baldwin Meredith C.Schuman | 2017 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2017，59，12： | 0 |
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