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| 1 | Early complications after excision with hepaticoenterostomy for infants and children with choledochal cysts显示文摘Objective: To retrospectively study the early compli-cations of excision with hepaticoenterostomy for in-fants and children with choledochal cysts.Methods: We analyzed 16 patients with early posto-perative complications out of 173 patients with con-genital choledochal cysts aged 27 days to 14 years(mean 2.4 years) who had undergone excisional pro-cedures and biliary tract reconstruction.Results: The early complications included bile leak-age (10 patients), abdominal wall dehiscence (3),and hepatic failure, pancreatic juice leakage andpostoperative intussusception (each in 1) respective-ly. Three patients died from bile leakage and 1 frompostoperative hepatic failure. No statistical differen-ces were observed between the procedures of biliarytract reconstruction with jejunal segment interposi-tion hepaticoduodenostomy and Roux-en-Y hepatico-jejunostomy (P>0.75). The morbidity was signifi-cantly higher in infants below 1 year than in children(P<0.005). Prevention and treatment of the com-plications were discussed.Conclusion: Bile leakage and abdominal wall dehis-cence are major early postoperative complications.The morbidity of cholechal cysts is higher in infantsthan in children. Exploratory laparotomy should notbe delayed when biliary leakage with diffuse peritoni-tis appears. The 'tension suture in the fascial spaceof the abdominal wall' is useful to prevent and treatwound dehiscence. | Min-Ju Li Jie-Xiong Feng Qi-Fei Jin From the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China | 2002 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2002，1，2： | 5 |
| 2 | 国内81个地区5—11岁儿童道德判断发展调查显示文摘目的瑞士心理学家皮亚杰(J·Piaget)在他的《儿童的道德判断》(1932)一书中,着重研究了儿童道德观念的两方面的问题:一是关于对动机意向和财物损坏(或客观后果)的道德判断问题;二是关于对惩罚的公正性的判断问题。皮亚杰之后,不断有人对这些课题加以重复验证或进行分析比较研究。直至七十年代,美国爱尔金和达贝克(D·Elkind & R·F·Dabek)又对一个新的课题——儿童关于人身伤害与财物损坏的道德判断进行了研究(1977)。这些研究为探索儿童道德观念的发展提供了有益的资料。本研究试图验证皮亚杰和爱尔金等人的研究结果,查明我国5~11岁儿童道德观念发展的特点和一般趋势,为我国儿童道德教育课程的编订和儿童心理学教材的建设提供资料。 | The cooperation study group of moral judgement of children | 1982 | 心理科学通讯1982，5，1： | 5 |
| 3 | 少先队小干部队伍建设的调研报告显示文摘少先队通过民主选举、自主活动、队长学校、岗位轮换等有效措施,调动了小干部的积极性,学会了自我教育、自我管理、自我服务,并在少先队组织中发挥了团结、带动广大少先队员的积极作用。少先队小干部队伍建设为少先队组织建设和少年儿童思想道德建设提供了许多成功的经验。少先队小干部队伍建设过程中存在的问题和不足还有待进一步改进。 | Young pioneers department of the central committee of the Communist Youth League,office of national working committee for children & Chinese Young Pioneers Work Society (Young pioneers department of the central committee of the Communist Youth League,Beijing,100051) | 2007 | 中国德育2007，2，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Age- and gender-dependent obesity in individuals with 16pl1.2 deletion显示文摘Recurrent genomic imbalances at 16p 11.2 are genetic risk factors of variable penetrance for developmental delay and autism.Recently, 16pl 1.2(chr16:29.5 Mb—30.1 Mb) deletion has also been detected in individuals with early-onset severe obesity.The penetrance of 16p11.2 deletion as a genetic risk factor for obesity is unknown.We evaluated the growth and body mass characteristics of 28 individuals with 16p11.2 (chr16:29.5 Mb—30.1 Mb) deletion originally ascertained for their developmental disorders by reviewing their medical records.We found that nine individuals could be classified as obese and six as overweight.These individuals generally had early feeding and growth difficulties,and started to gain excessive weight around 5—6 years of age.Thirteen out of the 18 deletion carriers aged 5 years and older(72%) were overweight or obese,whereas only two of 10 deletion carriers(20%) younger than five were overweight or obese.Males exhibited more severe obesity than females.Thus,the obesity phenotype of 16p11.2 deletion carriers is of juvenile onset,exhibited an age- and gender-dependent penetrance. 16p11.2 deletion appears to predispose individuals to juvenile onset obesity and in this case are similar to the well-described Prader-Willi syndrome(PWS).Early detection of this deletion will provide opportunity to prevent obesity. | David T.Miller James F.Gusella Orah S.Platt on behalf of the Children's Hospital Boston Genotype Phenotype Study Group | 2011 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2011，38，9： | 2 |
| 5 | Promoting the participation of children withdisabilities in sports,recreation,and physical activities显示文摘 | Murphy NA Carbone PS the Council on Children WithDisabilities | 2008 | Pediatrics2008，121，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Protection of Minors in Hong Kong显示文摘Ⅰ. Laws and systems 1. Laws There is no unified law or regulation in Hong Kong devoted to the protection of minors. The provisions concerning the protection of minors are reflected in many ordinances. Chapter 226 of Hong Kong Laws: Juvenile Offenders Ordinance says: It shall be conclusively presumed that no child under the age of 10 years can be guilty of an offence. Chapter 200 provides that a man who has unlawful sexual intercourse with a girl under the age of 13 shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for life. Section 125 of the Ordinance provides that a man who has unlawful sexual intercourse with a woman who is mentally incapacitated shall be guilty of an offence and shall be liable on conviction on indictment to imprisonment for 10 years. | CAO WEI lawyer, director of Committee for the Protection of Children under Fujian Provincial Lawyers’ Association. | 2007 | The Journal of Human Rights2007，6，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Eight-point glucose testing cersus the continuous glucose monitoring system in evaluation of glycemic control in type 1 diabetes显示文摘 | The Diabetes Research in Children Network (DirecNet) Study Group | 2005 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2005，90，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Sequence in the development of moral thought显示文摘 | Kohlberg L The development of children's orientations ward a moral order: I | 1963 | Vita Humana1963，6，： | 1 |
| 9 | Eight-point glucose testing cersus the continuous glucose monitoring system in evaluation of glycemic control in type 1 diabetes显示文摘 | The Diabetes Research in Children Network (DirecNet) Study Group | 2005 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab2005，90，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Longterm effects of budesonide or nedocromil in children with asthna 显示文摘 | | 2000 | N Engl J Med2000，343，： | 1 |
| 11 | Sixteen years' experience with long-term follow-up显示文摘 | Flynn J C Matthews J G Benoit R L Blind pinning of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children | 1974 | JBone Joint Surg Am1974，56，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Cross-national consistency in relationship between bullying behaviors and psychosocial adjustment显示文摘 | Nansel T Craig WM Overpeck M Saluja G Ruan J and the Health Behavior in School-aged Children Bullying Analyses Working Group | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 13 | 2010 显示文摘 | Wang Weifeng Zhao Lina Jin Shujun Yuan Ping Ma Lan area the use of antibiotics in children | 2010 | survey of General Equipment Depart merit of medical journals in the intestinal flora2010，，02： | 1 |
| 14 | A report of the International Study of Kidney Disease in Children显示文摘 | The primary nephrotic syndrome in children | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 15 | Sixteen years' experience with long-term follow-up 显示文摘 | Flynn JC Matthews JG Benoit RL Blind pinning of displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children | 1974 | J Bone Joint Surg Am1974，56，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Executive summary 显示文摘 | The offical journal of the national kidney fundcation KDOQI Clinical Practice Guideline for Nutrition in Children with CKD: 2008 update | 2009 | Am J Kidney Dis2009，53，3： | 1 |
| 17 | 知识改变大龄女童的生活(英文)显示文摘“中英大龄女童技能培训和能力建设合作伙伴项目”是英国国际发展部与全国妇联合作的国际项目,旨在帮助15-18岁的农村失学女童提高文化基础及生活技能,使她们能够为当地的经济、社会发展贡献力量。该项目的实施周期为2002年11月至2006年11月,执行地域为云南、四川、甘肃3个省6个县。作为试点之一的西畴县(位于云南省东南部)受益非浅。通过培训,许多大龄女童增长了文化知识,掌握了专业技能,充满信心地走向新生活。 | International Department of the ACWF Children’s Department of the ACWF | 2005 | Women of China2005，，12： | 1 |
| 18 | against Hinflueazae type b Capsular Polysaeeharide Antigen显示文摘 | Kyung H Kin MD Dong Sookim MD Rcaction of Scla of the korean Children Free from Hib lnvasive Diseases | 1994 | J Korean Med Sci1994，9，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Long- term effects of budesonide or nedocromil in children with asthma 显示文摘 | The Children Asthma Management Program Research Group | 2000 | N Engl J Med2000，343，15： | 1 |
| 20 | For the Outbreak Study Group显示文摘 | Chan LG Parashar UD Lye MS Deaths of children during a - n outbreak of hand foot and mouth disease in Sarawak Malaysia: clinical and pathological characteristics of the disease | 2000 | Clin Infect Dis2000，31，： | 1 |
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