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| 1 | Evidence of wintertime CO_2 emission from snow-covered grounds in high latitudes显示文摘In order to measure CO2 flux in wintertime arctic ecosystems, CO2 gas was sampled from various snow-covered grounds by using a closed chamber method during the First China Arctic Scientific Expedition from March to May in 1995. The CO2 gas samples were measured by using an infra-red analyzer (IRGA). The results showed that (ⅰ) CO2 emission was detected from all kinds of the snow-covered grounds, which provides direct evidence that the arctic tundra is functioning as a source of atmospheric CO2; (ⅱ) CO2 release was also detected from the permanent ice profile and icecap, and (ⅲ) CO2 evolution from terrestrial ecosystems in higher latitudes increased with an increase of surface temperature in accordance with the exponential function. This indicates a close coincidence with that under normal temperature conditions, and provides a useful method for predicting change in CO2 flux in the arctic ecosystems with the global climate change. | 方精云 唐艳鸿KOIZUMI Hiroshi(Division of Plant Ecology National Institute of Agro-Environmental Sciences Tsukuba 305 Japan)BEKKU Yukiko(National Polar Institute Tokyo 192 Japan) | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，4： | 2 |
| 2 | MOTION CONTROL OF A CLASS OF UNDERACTUATED MECHANICAL SYSTEMS: THE ACROBOT EXAMPLE显示文摘Presents a control strategy for underactuated mechanical system: the acrobot example, which combines fuzzy control and linear quadratic control. The fuzzy controller designed for the upswing ensures that the energy of the acrobot increases with each swing. After the acrobot enters a neighborhood of the unstable straight up equilibrium position, a linear quadratic regulator is designed to balance it. | Lai Xuzhi Cai Zixing (College of Information Engineering, Central South University of Technology, Changsha 410083, China) She Jinhua (Mechatronics Department, Tokyo University of Engineering,Tokyo, 192 8580, Japan) | 1999 | Journal of Central South University1999，11，2： | 0 |
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