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| 1 | Lamivudine resistance mutations in patients infected with hepatitis B virus genotype D显示文摘AIM: To determine the distribution of viral genotypes for primary or acquired lamivudine resistance. METHODS: A total of 283 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (245 patients with chronic hepatitis B and 38 inactive hepatitis B surface antigen carriers) were included in the study. The HBV geno-type was determined by using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis, and tyrosine-methionine-aspartate-aspartate (YMDD) motif mutations were determined using the reverse transcriptase hybridization method. RESULTS: Lamivudine resistance was determined in a total of 25 (10.7%) chronic hepatitis B patients. Eight subjects (4%) had primary resistance to lamivudine, and 17 (53.1%) had secondary resistance to lamivudine. Genotype D, which was isolated from 267 of the patients with chronic HBV infection, was the dominant genotype in Turkey. CONCLUSION: Identification of YMDD motif mutations should have a positive impact on the selection of proper antiviral medication for patients, even for those who are nucleoside nave. | Orhan Yιldιz Bilgehan Aygen Nese Demirtürk Tuna Demirdal Dilara Inan Taner Yιldιrmak Arzu Kantürk Ediz Tütüncü Hepatitis B Study Group | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，45： | 3 |
| 2 | cDNA cloning of a Trichoderma reesei cellulase and demonstration of endoglucanase activity by expression in yeast显示文摘 | MARKKU S TUNA N MAIJA T | 1997 | Eur J Biochem1997，249，： | 1 |
| 3 | Long-term Efficacy and safety of lamivudine, entecavir, and tenofovir for treatment of hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis 显示文摘 | Kuklti S Tuna Y Gtilsen M T | 2013 | Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol2013，11，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Long-term efficacyand safety of lamivudine, entecavir, and tenofovir fortreatment ofhepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis 显示文摘 | Koklu S Tuna Y Gulsen M T al | 2013 | ClinGastroenterol Hepatol2013，11，1： | 1 |
| 5 | A digitally controlled dB-Linear CMOS AGC for low voltage mixed signal applications 显示文摘 | Hassan O E Tuna B T Mohammed I | 1998 | IEEE CNF1998，9，： | 1 |
| 6 | Prognoisis and prognostic factors in nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic haemorrhage: a follow - up study in 29 patients显示文摘 | Iidan F Tuna M Erman T | 2002 | surg Neuroi2002，57，： | 1 |
| 7 | Accrual Reliability, Earnings Persistence and Stock Prices显示文摘 | Richardson S A R G Sloan M T Sohrmn I Tuna | 2005 | Jour- nal of Accounting and Economics2005，，39： | 1 |
| 8 | A hydride-ligated dysprosium single-molecule magnet显示文摘 | VENUGOPAL A TUNA F SPANIOL T P | 2013 | Chem Commun2013，49，： | 1 |
| 9 | The effects of long-acting B2-ago- nists plus inhaled corticosteroids for early reversibility in patients with airway obstruction 显示文摘 | Ozkaya S Dirican A Tuna T | 2013 | J Thorac Dis2013，5，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Prognosis and prognosis factors in nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic hemorrhage:a follow-up study in 29 patients显示文摘 | Idan F Tuna I Eran T | 2002 | Surgical Neurol2002，57，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Pragnosis and!prognosis factors in nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic hemorrhage:a follow-up study in 29 patients显示文摘 | Idan F Tuna I Eran T | 2002 | Surgical Neurol2002，57，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Pragnosis and prognosis factors in nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic hemorrhage:a follow-up study in 29 patients显示文摘 | Idan F Tuna I Eran T | 2002 | Surgical Neurol2002，57，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of neutraliza- tion of rat interleukin 6 bioaetivity on inducible nitric oxide syn- thase up - regulation and cerebral ischemic damage 显示文摘 | TUNA M YILMAZ D M ERMAN T | 2009 | Neurol Res2009，31，7： | 1 |
| 14 | Prognosis and prognostic factors for unexplained subarachnoid hemorr-hage: reiew of 84 cases显示文摘 | Ildan F Tuna M Erman T Gocer AI | 2002 | Neurosurgery2002，50，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of neutralization of ratinterleukin 6 bioactivity on inducible nitric oxide synthase up -regulation and cerebral ischemic damage 显示文摘 | Tuna M Yilmaz DM Erman T | 2009 | Neurol Res2009，31，7： | 1 |
| 16 | An Iron(Ⅱ)Complex Exhibiting Five Anhydrous Phases,Two of which Interconvert by Spin-crossover with Wide Hysteresis显示文摘 | Roberts T D Tuna F Malkin T L | 2012 | Chem Sci2012，3，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Nasopharyngeal tuberculosis显示文摘 | Guven GM Tuna ED Ahu T | 2007 | Rev Laryngol Otol Rhinol2007，128，12： | 1 |
| 18 | Effect of anti-rat interleukin-6 antibody after spinal cord injury in the rat: inducible nitric oxide synthase expression, sodium- and potassium-activated, magnesi- um-dependent adenosine-5 triphosphatase and superoxide dis- mutase activation, and ultrastructural changes显示文摘 | Tuna M Polat S Erman T | 2001 | Neurosurg2001，95，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Analgesics and palliative care 显示文摘 | Mathieu N Tuna T | 2008 | Rev Med Brux2008，29，4： | 1 |
| 20 | Prognosis and prognostic factors in nonaneurysmal perimesencephalic hemorrhage:a follow-up study in 29 patients显示文摘 | Tuna M Erman T | 2002 | Surg Neurol2002，57，： | 1 |
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