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| 1 | Comparison of different magnetic resonance imaging sequences for assessment of fistula-in-ano显示文摘AIM: To assess agreement between different forms of T2 weighted imaging(T2WI), and post-contrast T1WI in the depiction of fistula tracts, inflammation, and internal openings with that of a reference test. METHODS: Thirty-nine consecutive prospective cases were enrolled. The following sequences were used for T2WI: 2D turbo-spin-echo(2D T2 TSE); 3D T2 TSE; short tau inversion recovery(STIR); 2D T2 TSE with fat saturation performed in all patients. T1WI were either a 3D T1-weighted prepared gradient echo sequence with fat saturation or a 2D T1 fat saturation [Spectral presaturation with inversion(SPIR)]. Agreement for each sequence for determination of fistula extension, internal openings, and the presence of active inflammation was assessed separately and blindly against a reference test comprised of follow-up, surgery, endoscopic ultrasound, and assessment by an independent experienced radiologist with access to all images.RESULTS: Fifty-six fistula tracts were found: 2 intersphincteric, 13 trans-sphincteric, and 24 with additional tracts. The best T2 weighted sequence for depiction of fistula tracts was 2D T2 TSE(Cohen's kappa = 1.0), followed by 3D T2 TSE(0.88), T2 with fat saturation(0.54), and STIR(0.19). Internal openings were best seen on 2D T2 TSE(Cohen's kappa = 0.88), followed by 3D T2 TSE(0.70), T2 with fat saturation(0.54), and STIR(0.31). Detection of inflammation showed Cohen's kappa of 0.88 with 2D T2 TSE, 0.62 with 3D T2 TSE, 0.63 with STIR, and 0.54 with T2 with fat saturation. STIR, 3D T2 TSE, and T2 with fat saturation did not make any contributions compared to 2D T2 TSE. Post-contrast 3D T1 weighted prepared gradient echo sequence with fat saturation showed better agreement in the depiction of fistulae(Cohen's kappa = 0.94), finding internal openings(Cohen's kappa = 0.97), and evaluating inflammation(Cohen's kappa = 0.94) compared to post-contrast 2D T1 fat saturation or SPIR where the corresponding figures were 0.71, 0.66, and 0.87, respectively. Comparing the best T1 and T2 sequences showed that, for best results, both sequences were necessary. CONCLUSION: 3D T1 weighted sequences were best for the depiction of internal openings and active inflammatory components, while 2D T2 TSE provided the best assessment of fistula extension. | Michael R Torkzad Hkan Ahlstrm Urban Karlbom | 2014 | World Journal of Radiology2014，6，5： | 5 |
| 2 | Methods for the development and assessment of atrial fibrillation and heart failure dog models显示文摘与动物的发展报导 Medtronic 经验的目的用为 AF 模型,的为 CHF.Methods 的为 AF 和 microemboli 的高率的踱步为 atrial 纤维性颤动( AF )和长期的心失败( CHF )当模特儿一根 atrial 皮带被纳入 Medtronic 协同作用 neurostimulator ,它被规划在开关责任 cycle.Atrial natnuretic 肽( ANP )在 50 Hz 刺激,大脑 natriuretic 肽( BNP )和N终端职业人员大脑 natriuretic 肽( NT-proBNP )皮脂腺囊瘤;在精选时间 points.For CHF 模型,的 assayed 在 62,400 beads/mL 的 90 m 聚苯乙烯 microspheres 的连续注射( Polybead , Polysciences 公司)被执行导致全球局部缺血,有每周监视的任何一个和 embolization 时间表(集团 1 , n = 25 )或与监视的双周刊和 emboliation 时间表(集团 2 , n36 ) .Echocardiograms 每周与 ventriculograms 和磁性的回声成像扫描一起被使用估计心脏的功能和 ANP , BNP 和 NT-proBNP 是为 AF 模型的 monitored.Results ,为 CHF 模型,遇见 CHF 端点的日子在集团 2 .For 在集团 1 和 89 是 116 AF 和 CHF 模型, NT-proBNP 与在为动物的搜索的研究人员为估计基于设备的治疗的安全和功效建模的我们为 AF 和 CHF 狗模型的发展和评价的经验可以帮助的疾病 states.Conclusion 的发展相关很好。 | Jon F Urban Renee L Gerhart Jason R Krzeszak Corey R Leet Linnea R Lentz Carolyn B McClay | 2011 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2011，8，3： | 3 |
| 3 | The case for early detection显示文摘 | ETZIONI R URBAN N RAMSEY S | 2003 | Nat Rev Cancer2003，3，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Resorption evaluation of a large bolus of calcium sulfate in a canine medullary defect 显示文摘 | TURNER T M URBAN R M GITELIS S | 2003 | Orthopedics2003，26，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Landscape ecology: Ahierarchical perspective can help scientists understand spatial patterns显示文摘 | Urban D L O'Neill R V Shugart H H | 1987 | BioScience1987，37，： | 1 |
| 6 | Fetomatemal adrenomedullin levels in diabetic pregnancy 显示文摘 | Di Iorio R Marinoni E Urban G | 2001 | Horm Metab Res2001，33，8： | 1 |
| 7 | Particle dynamics in concentrated colloidal suspensions显示文摘 | ROJAS L F VAVRIN R URBAN C | 2003 | Faraday Discuss2003，123，： | 1 |
| 8 | Why make monofilament sutures out of polyvinylidenefluoride 显示文摘 | Urban E King MW Guidoin R | 1994 | asaio J1994，40，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect of hip hemiarthroplasty on articular cartilage and bone in a canine model显示文摘 | Minihane K P Turner T M Urban R M | 2005 | Clin Orthop Relat Res2005，，437： | 1 |
| 10 | Vehicle lateral control for automated highway systems 显示文摘 | O'Brien R T Iglesias P A Urban T J | 1996 | IEEE Trans Contr Syst Technol1996，4，3： | 1 |
| 11 | Strategies to inhibit entry of HBV and HDV into hepatocytes 显示文摘 | Urban S Bartenschlager R Kubitz R | 2014 | Gastroenterology2014，147，1： | 1 |
| 12 | soil management: agrow- hag concern 显示文摘 | Kimpe D C R Morel J L Urban | 2000 | Soil Science2000，165，1： | 1 |
| 13 | The CPKA Gene of Magnaporthe grisea is Essential for Appressorial Penetration显示文摘 | XU J R URBAN M SWEIGARD J A | 1997 | Mol Plant- Microbe Interact1997，10，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Addition of sulfur to organic matter during early diagenesis of lake sediments显示文摘 | URBAN N R ERNST K BERNASCONI S | 1999 | Geochim Cosmochim Acta1999，63，6： | 1 |
| 15 | A new linearly extended bifocal microwave plasma device 显示文摘 | KAISEM URBAN H EMMIERICH R | 2001 | Surface and Coatings Technology2001，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Fracture of a modular femoral neck after total hip arthroplasty : a case report 显示文摘 | Wright G Sporer S Urban R | 2010 | J Bone Joint Surg Am2010，92，6： | 1 |
| 17 | The Effect of Extraeellular pH on Matrix Turnover by Cells of the Bovine Nucleus Pulposes显示文摘 | Razaq S Wilkins R J Urban J P | 2003 | Eur Spine J2003，12，4： | 1 |
| 18 | Osseous healing using injectable calcium sulfate-based putty for the delivery of demineralized bone matrix and cancellous bone chips显示文摘 | Turner T M Urban R M Hall D J | 2003 | Orthopedics2003，26，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis: a study of 69 cases 显示文摘 | Urban T Lazor R Lacronique M | 1999 | Medicine1999，78，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Anatomic and metabolic evaluation of peripheral nerve sheath tumors in patients with neurofibromatosis 1 using whole-body MRI and 18F-FDG PET fusion显示文摘 | Urban T Lim R Merker VL | 2014 | Clin Nucl Med2014，39，5： | 1 |
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