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| 1 | 产后出血的预防和处理指南显示文摘目的:为产后出血(PPH)的预防和临床处理作一综述,为临床医师提供预防和处理产后出血的指南。涉及方面:预防、适当干预、使其影响最小化的方法。结果:建立常规,便于临床医师鉴别可能的高危人群,一旦发生产后过多出血,可指导临床如何迅速处理。证据:遵循加拿大定期健康检查办公室制定的证据等级。评估:由产科专家完善。利弊和成本:评估子宫收缩药和其他积极处理措施的方便性、正确性、有效性和安全性。建议:根据证据的等级,本指南分等级列出了12条建议。确认:按照MeSH词表推荐的postpartum haemorrhage在medline上查询相关文献,在Cochrane图书馆查找相关研究文献,并参考the ALARMcourse Manual。发起人:由产科临床实践委员会制定和综述,并由SOGC(加拿大妇产科协会)委员会批准。 | Nan Schuurmans MD FRCSC, Edmonton AB Catherine MacKinnon MD FRCSC, Brantford ON Carolyn Lane MD CCFP Calgary AB Duncan Etches MD CCFP Vancouver BC 刘铭(译) 段涛(译) | 2007 | 现代妇产科进展2007，16，3： | 152 |
| 2 | Revisiting the origin of modern humans in China and its implications for global human evolution显示文摘The debates over the origin of modern humans have long been centered on two competing theories:the 'Out-of-Africa'(single-place origin) theory and the 'Multi-regional Evolution' theory.China is an extremely important region where many ancient human fossils were collected along with numerous associated faunal remains and artefacts.These cultural remains,unearthed from different areas in the country and covering a long time span,will help clarify the controversy.The study of cultural materials in China is expected to shed important light on biological evolutionary patterns and social and technical developments of those early humans as well as their environmental conditions.Based on the analysis of Chinese fossils and associated materials,in conjunction with some genetic studies,this paper aims at evaluating each of the two theories in order to stimulate more discussions.Our study suggests that the evolutionary model of 'Continuity with Hybridization' is most relevant in reflecting the current understanding of human evolutionary history in China.Furthermore,we propose that the concept of regional diversity of evolutionary models should be seriously considered to illustrate different evolutionary modes applied to different parts of the world. | GAO Xing1,2*,ZHANG XiaoLing1,2,3,YANG DongYa2,4,SHEN Chen2,5 & WU XinZhi1,2 1 Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China 2 Laboratory of Human Evolution,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100044,China 3 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 4 Department of Archaeology,Simon Fraser University,Vancouver V5A 1S6,Canada 5 The Royal Ontario Museum,Toronto M5S 2C6,Canada | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，12： | 11 |
| 3 | Mixed-layer water oscillations in tropical Pacific for ENSO cycle显示文摘The main modes of interannal variabilities of thermocline and sea surface wind stress in the tropical Pacific and their interactions are investigated,which show the following results.(1) The thermocline anomalies in the tropical Pacific have a zonal dipole pattern with 160°W as its axis and a meridional seesaw pattern with 6-8°N as its transverse axis.The meridional oscillation has a phase lag of about 90° to the zonal oscillation,both oscillations get together to form the El Ni?o/La Ni?a cycle,which be-haves as a mixed layer water oscillates anticlockwise within the tropical Pacific basin between equator and 12°N.(2) There are two main patterns of wind stress anomalies in the tropical Pacific,of which the first component caused by trade wind anomaly is characterized by the zonal wind stress anomalies and its corresponding divergences field in the equatorial Pacific,and the abnormal cross-equatorial flow wind stress and its corresponding divergence field,which has a sign opposite to that of the equatorial region,in the off-equator of the tropical North Pacific,and the second component represents the wind stress anomalies and corresponding divergences caused by the ITCZ anomaly.(3) The trade winds anomaly plays a decisive role in the strength and phase transition of the ENSO cycle,which results in the sea level tilting,provides an initial potential energy to the mixed layer water oscillation,and causes the opposite thermocline displacement between the west side and east side of the equator and also between the equator and 12°N of the North Pacific basin,therefore determines the amplitude and route for ENSO cycle.The ITCZ anomaly has some effects on the phase transition.(4) The thermal anomaly of the tropical western Pacific causes the wind stress anomaly and extends eastward along the equator accompanied with the mixed layer water oscillation in the equatorial Pacific,which causes the trade winds anomaly and produces the anomalous wind stress and the corresponding divergence in favor to conduce the oscillation,which in turn intensifies the oscillation.The coupled system of ocean-atmo-sphere interactions and the inertia gravity of the mixed layer water oscillation provide together a phase-switching mechanism and interannual memory for the ENSO cycle.In conclusion,the ENSO cycle essentially is an inertial oscillation of the mixed layer water induced by both the trade winds anomaly and the coupled ocean-atmosphere interaction in the tropical Pacific basin between the equator and 12°N.When the force produced by the coupled ocean-atmosphere interaction is larger than or equal to the resistance caused by the mixed layer water oscillation,the oscillation will be stronger or maintain as it is,while when the force is less than the resistance,the oscillation will be weaker,even break. | ZHAO YongPing1,CHEN YongLi1,WANG Fan1 & WU AiMing2 1 Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China 2 Department of Earth & Ocean Sciences,University of British Columbia,Vancouver,BC,V6T 1Z4,Canada | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，12： | 7 |
| 4 | ELIMIMATION OF RANDOM DEFACTS IN AEROSPACE MATERIALS显示文摘In the pastfew years,severalnew melting processeshavebeenindustrialised forthe produc tion ofsuperalloys,titanium alloysand high qualitysteelsfor useintheaero engineindustry.Theseincludeelectron beam , plasma,inductionskull,andthe”triple melt”process( VIM + ESR+ VAR) . These developments have allbeen instituted in responsetothe major per ceived problem oftheindustry ;that oftheincidence of random defectsin the alloys whichcause problemsinregardto predictablelifing ofthefinished partinservice. Thedirectconse quenceofthe uncertaintyislossof revenue due to premature retirement of parts which mayhavecompleted on a fraction oftheir actualservicelife; a conservatism on the partof design parameters whichleadsto uneccesary weightin thepart;and ariskofeitherservicefailuresor partrecalls whichinterruptengine performance. Thebenefitsoftheprocesschangesinrespectoftheproducts’absolute propertiesand alsoonthereproducibility and inspectability ofthose properties have been substantial. Itisclearthattheprocesses offer the industry a solution to the present dilem ma of how to treatthe ”rare”defectsfrom the pointof view of fracture mechanicslifing methodology. The use ofprocesscontrols which guarantee”zero defect”productisdevelopingintoacriticaltoolfortheextension oftherangeof a given alloy’s use. Itislikelyto permit very substantial gainsinboth componentlife and intheallowablestressin rotating parts withoutthe needtointroduce new materials carrying new problems of user confidence, production reliability and data base. Weconcludethatthenew processesareatastageof development wherethey arereadyforwideindustry usein production. They will not add significantly tothecomponentcost andthey willgive a renwed lifespan to the more familiar materials and methodsof aero engineconstruction. | A. Mitchell Advanced Materials Research Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver BC,Canada | 1999 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)1999，12，4： | 2 |
| 5 | An Exploratory Examination of Person-organization Fit:Organizational Goal Congruence显示文摘 | Vancouver J B Schmitt N W | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 6 | To conform or not to con- form? An examination of perceived emotional display rule norms among international sojourners 显示文摘 | Gullekson N L Vancouver J B | 2010 | International Journal oflntercultural Relational2010，34，： | 1 |
| 7 | Goal Constructs in Psychology: Structure, Process, and Content显示文摘 | AUSTIN J T VANCOUVER J B | 1996 | Psychological Bulletin1996，120，3： | 1 |
| 8 | An Explora tionary Examination of Person-Organization Fit: Or ganizational Goal Congruence显示文摘 | VANCOUVER J B SCHMITT N W | 1991 | Personnel Psy chology1991，44，2： | 1 |
| 9 | An Exploratory Examination Of Person - organization Fit: Organizational Goal Congruence 显示文摘 | VANCOUVER J B SCHMIIT N W | 1991 | Personnel Psychology1991，，44： | 1 |
| 10 | An exploratory examinat- ion of person-organization fit:Organizational goal congr- uence显示文摘 | Vancouver J B Schmitt N W | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Analysis of Informa- tion Seeking: The Effects of Perceived Costs and Benefits 显示文摘 | Morrison E W Vancouver J B Within P | 2000 | Journal of Management2000，26，1： | 1 |
| 12 | Two studies examining the negative effect of self-efficacy on performance 显示文摘 | Vancouver J B Thompson C M Tisehner C Putka D J | 2002 | Journal of Applied Psychology2002，87，3： | 1 |
| 13 | A Formal, Computational Theory of Multiple-goal Pursuit: Integrating Goal-Choice and Goal-Striving Processes 显示文摘 | VANCOUVER J B WEINHARDT J M SCHMIDT A M | 2010 | Journal of Applied Psychology2010，95，6： | 1 |
| 14 | An exploratory exami- nation of person-organization fit: Organization goal congruence 显示文摘 | Vancouver JB Schmitt NW | 1991 | Personnel Psychology1991，44，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Within-person a-nalysis of information seeking:the effects of perceivedcost and benefits显示文摘 | MORRISON E W VANCOUVER J B | 2000 | Journal of Management2000，26，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Within-person A-nalysis of Information Seeking:The Effects of Perceived Cost andBenefits显示文摘 | Elizabeth W Morrison Jeffrey B Vancouver | 2000 | Journal of Management2000，26，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Within person analysis of information seeking: the effects of perceived costs and bene- fits 显示文摘 | MORRISON E W VANCOUVER J B | 2000 | Journal of Management2000，26，1： | 1 |
| 18 | MODELLING OF MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION ANDPROPERTIES OF LOW-CARBON STEELS显示文摘The microstructure evolution has been investigated for hot rolling of advanced low carbon steels containing Nb, Ti, V and Cu. The critical processing step to develop the properties of hot rolled steels is cooling after rolling when the austenite-to-ferrite transformation as well as precipitation takes place thereby determining the final mi- crostructure. Thus, the modelling work emphasizes the kinetics of errite formation. Ferrite growth rates can adequately be described by taking into account a solute-drag- like effect of Mn and Nb. The emphasis of the model is to predict the phase transfor- mation kinetics for the industrial practice of accelerated cooling. The ferrite grain size is essentially determined at the early stages of transformation and can be correlated to the trunsformation start temperature. Pcarbides and nitrides of Nb, Ti and V is controlled by Ostwald ripening of these particles. The ageing behaviour can then be described based on the Shercliff-Ashby model for precipitation hardening. The situa- tion is more complex for Cu precipitation where the ageing response is also related to a sequence of different precipitation types. | M. Militzer The Centre for Metallurgical Process Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4 | 2000 | Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters)2000，13，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Multilevel analysis of organizational goal congruence 显示文摘 | Millsap RE Peters PA | 1994 | Journal of Applied Psychology1994，79，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Positron emission tomography in premotor Parkinson's disease显示文摘 | Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre University of British Columbia & Vancouver Coastal Health | 2007 | Parkinsonism Relat Disord2007，13，： | 1 |
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