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| 1 | 帕博利珠单抗单用或与放疗联用治疗转移性非小细胞肺癌:两个随机试验的汇总分析显示文摘背景放疗可以提高整个机体对免疫治疗的应答。在Ⅱ期PEMBRO-RT研究和Ⅰ/Ⅱ期MDACC研究中,患有转移性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的患者被随机分配入组,接受免疫治疗(帕博利珠单抗)+放疗联合疗法,或免疫治疗单一疗法。当上述2个研究单独分析时,联合疗法组显示出潜在获益。由于每个研究的样本量较小,缓解率和结局并未显示出统计学意义,然而却有显著的临床获益。因此,本研究进行汇总分析,来判断放疗是否会改善转移性NSCLC患者的免疫治疗应答。方法PEMBRO-RT和MDACC研究纳入标准:患者年龄≥18岁,患有转移性NSCLC,且有≥1处未经放疗照射的病灶,以便进行射野外应答监测。PEMBRO-RT研究纳入曾接受过化疗患者,MDACC研究纳入曾接受过治疗或新诊断患者。2个研究中的患者均未接受过免疫治疗。在PEMBRO-RT研究中患者被等比例随机分配入组,并根据吸烟状态进行分层(分为<10年组和≥10年组)。MDACC研究的患者根据放疗计划可行性被等比例随机分配入2个受试组。由于联合治疗组的干预本质,每个研究中的放疗均不适用盲法。在2个研究中,不论是否进行放疗,均静脉滴入帕博利珠单抗(每3周200 mg)。在PEMBRO-RT研究中,在放疗(24 Gy 3次分割照射)结束后1周给予第1剂帕博利珠单抗。在MDACC研究中,在第1次放疗(50 Gy 4次分割照射或45 Gy 15次分割照射)同时给予帕博利珠单抗。仅检测未经照射病灶的应答。本研究的终点为最佳射野外(远隔)应答率(ARR)、最佳射野外疾病控制率(ACR)、12周时ARR、12周时ACR、无进展生存期(PFS)和总生存期(OS)。2个研究的意向治疗(ITT)人群均纳入分析。PEMBRO-RT研究(NCT02492568)和MDACC研究(NCT02444741)均在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册。发现纳入148例患者,76例接受帕博利珠单抗治疗,72例接受帕博利珠单抗+放疗治疗。所有患者随访时间中位数为33个月[四分位距(IQR):32.4~33.6]。148例患者中124例(84%)组织学特征为非鳞癌,111例(75%)患者曾经接受过化疗。组间没有基线特征差异,包括PD-L1表达状态和转移灶体积。最常见的照射部位为肺转移灶(39%,28/72)、胸腔内淋巴结(21%,15/72)和非原发灶(17%,12/72)。帕博利珠单抗组和联合治疗组的最佳ARR分别为19.7%(15/76)和41.7%(30/72),OR=2.96,95%CI:1.42~6.20,P=0.0039;最佳ACR分别为43.4%(33/76)和65.3%(47/72),OR=2.51,95%CI:1.28~4.91,P=0.0071;PFS中位数分别为4.4(IQR:2.9~5.9)和9.0个月(IQR:6.8~11.2),HR=0.67,95%CI:0.45~0.99,P=0.045;OS中位数分别为8.7(IQR:6.4~11.0)和19.2个月(IQR:14.6~23.8),OR=0.67,95%CI:0.54~0.84,P=0.0004。在汇总分析中没有发现新的安全问题。解读帕博利珠单抗免疫疗法+放疗显著提高转移性NSCLC患者的应答和改善治疗结局。这些结果需要在三期临床试验中进行验证。 | 陈大卫(翻译) 于金明(校对) Willemijn S M E Theelen Vivek Verma Brian P Hobbs Heike M U Peulen Joachim G J V Aerts Idris Bahce Anna Larissa N Niemeijer Joe Y Chang Patricia M de Groot Quynh-Nhu Nguyen Nathan I Comeaux George R Simon Ferdinandos Skoulidis Steven H Lin Kewen He Roshal Patel John Heymach Paul Baas James W Welsh | 2021 | 中华肿瘤防治杂志2021，28，24： | 49 |
| 2 | Gastroesophageal reflux disease and severe obesity:Fundoplication or bariatric surgery?显示文摘Increases in the prevalence of obesity and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have paralleled one another over the past decade, which suggests the possibility of a linkage between these two processes. In both instances, surgical therapy is recognized as the most effective treatment for severe, refractory disease. Current surgical therapies for severe obesity include (in descending frequency) Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, adjustable gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy, and biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch, while fundoplication remains the mainstay for the treatment of severe GERD. In several large series, however, the outcomes and durability of fundoplication in the setting of severe obesity are not as good as those in patients who are not severely obese. As such, bariatric surgery has been suggested as a potential alternative treatment for these patients. This article reviews current concepts in the putative pathophysiological mechanisms by which obesity contributes to gastroesophageal reflux and their implications with regards to surgical therapy for GERD in the setting of severe obesity. | Vivek N Prachand John C Alverdy | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，30： | 10 |
| 3 | KOH activated carbon derived from biomass-banana fibers as an efficient negative electrode in high performance asymmetric supercapacitor显示文摘Here we demonstrate the fabrication, electrochemical performance and application of an asymmetric supercapacitor(AS) device constructed with β–Ni(OH)_2/MWCNTs as positive electrode and KOH activated honeycomb-like porous carbon(K-PC) derived from banana fibers as negative electrode. Initially,the electrochemical performance of hydrothermally synthesized β–Ni(OH)_2/MWCNTs nanocomposite and K-PC was studied in a three-electrode system using 1 M KOH. These materials exhibited a specific capacitance(Cs) of 1327 F/g and 324 F/g respectively at a scan rate of 10 m V/s. Further, the AS device i.e.,β–Ni(OH)_2/MWCNTs//K-PC in 1 M KOH solution, demonstrated a Cs of 156 F/g at scan rate of 10 m V/s in a broad cell voltage of 0–2.2 V. The device demonstrated a good rate capability by maintaining a Cs of 59 F/g even at high current density(25 A/g). The device also offered high energy density of 63 Wh/kg with maximum power density of 5.2 kW/kg. The AS device exhibited excellent cycle life with 100% capacitance retention at 5000 th cycle at a high current density of 25 A/g. Two AS devices connected in series were employed for powering a pair of LEDs of different colors and also a mini fan. | ChaitraK Vinny R T Sivaraman P Narendra Reddy Chunyan Hu Krishna Venkatesh Vivek C S Nagaraju N Kathyayini N | 2017 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2017，26，1： | 4 |
| 4 | Use of locking compression plates for long bone nonunions without removing existing in tram edulary nail review of literature and our experience显示文摘 | Biren N Shekhar S Vivek M | 2008 | Trauma2008，65，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Robust Hausdorff distance measure for face recognition 显示文摘 | Vivek E P Sudha N | 2007 | Pattern Recognition2007，40，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Mechanistic insight into the superoxide induced ring opening in propylene carbonate based electrolytes using in situ surface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy显示文摘 | VIVEK J P BERRY N PAPAGEORGIOU G | 2016 | Journal of the American Chemical Society2016，138，11： | 1 |
| 7 | Robust Hausdorff distance measure for face recognition显示文摘 | Vivek E P Sudha N | 2007 | Pattern Recognition2007，40，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Exploring structure indenture of some aminopyrazolopyridine ureas as potent VEGFR/ PDGFR multiargeted kinase inhibitors: a QSAR approach显示文摘 | VIVEK K V GARVITA J BASANT N | 2011 | Indian Journal of Chemistry2011，50，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Effect of solvents on selectivity in separation using molecularly imprinted adsorptions: separation of phenol and bisphenol显示文摘 | Vivek P J Rohini N K Mohan G K | 1999 | Industrial and Engineering Chemistry1999，38，： | 1 |
| 10 | Non-invasive vaccine delivery in transfersomes, niosomes and liposomes: a comparative study显示文摘 | PREM N G VIVEK M AMIT R | 2005 | Int J Pharm2005，293，： | 1 |
| 11 | Comparative analysis of fecal fat quantitation via nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy ( l H NMR ) and gra- vimetry 显示文摘 | NICHOLE L K S JENNIE N W VIVEK K | 2009 | Clinica Chimica Acta2009，400，12： | 1 |
| 12 | A bilevel programming framework for enterprise-wide process networks under uncertainty显示文摘 | Ryu J H Vivek D Pistikopoulos E N | 2004 | Computers and Chemical Engineering2004，28，67： | 1 |
| 13 | Heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and sudden death in ACE2 transgenic mice with downregulated connexins显示文摘 | Mary Donoghue Hiroko Wakimoto Colin T Maguire Susan Acton Paul Hales Nancy Stagliano Victoria Fairchild-Huntress Jian Xu John N Lorenz Vivek Kadambi Charles I Berul Roger E Breitbart | 2003 | Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology2003，，9： | 1 |
| 14 | Congenital adrenal hyperplasia and P450 oxidoreductase deficiency显示文摘 | Krone N Vivek D Hannah E | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 15 | Isothiocyanate profileand selective antibacterial activity of root,stem,and leaf extractsderived from Raphanus sativus L显示文摘 | SYED S B LAKSHMI N M VIVEK D | 2009 | Foodborne Pathogens andDisease2009，6，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Hydrodynamics of trickle-bed reactors显示文摘 | PRASHANT R G MADHAVANAND N K VIVEK V R | 2005 | Ind Eng Chem Res2005，44，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Solitary intraosseous neurooflbroma of mandible显示文摘 | Vivek N Manikandhun R James PC | 2006 | Indian J Dent Res2006，17，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Quantitative risk measure- ment:public sector banks 显示文摘 | KAP1L S MISHRA P N VIVEK S | 2010 | SCMS Journal of Indian Manage- ment2010，，1012： | 1 |
| 19 | A Snore Extraction Method from Mixed Sound for a Mobile Snore Recorder显示文摘 | Vivek N Roland P | 2006 | Journal of Medical Systems2006，30，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Accessing Heart Dynamics to Estimate Durations of Heart Sounds显示文摘 | Vivek N Roland P | 2005 | Physiological Measurement2005，26，6： | 1 |
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