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| 1 | 限制热量摄入6个月对超重者寿命指标、代谢调节及氧化应激的影响——随机对照试验AuthorAffiliations:PenningtonBiomedicalResearchCenter.LouisianaStateUniversity.BatonRouge;andGarvan.InstituteforMedicalResearch.Dadinghurst,AustraIia(DrHeilbronn).显示文摘背景:长期限制热量摄入可延长啮齿类动物的寿命。但是,尚未有研究观测长期限制人体热量是否会影响其寿命及氧化应激指标,降低代谢率。
目的:在超重但不肥胖(体重指数为25—30)的人群中研究限制热量6个月伴/不伴运动对其产生的影响。
设计、地点及参试者:于2002年3月至2004年8月在位于路易斯安娜州首府巴顿鲁治的研究中心对48名不好动的健康人进行随机对照研究。
干预:参试者在6个月内随机分为4个组:对照组(饮食可维持体重);限制热量组(限制基线所需能量的25%);限制热量+运动组(限制12.5%的热量+运动增加12.5%的能耗);极低热量饮食组(每日摄入890keal,直至体重减少15%,随后采用维持体重的饮食)。
主要观测指标:机体组成;硫酸脱氢表雄酮(dehydroepiandrostemne sulfate,DHEAS)、葡萄糖及胰岛素水平;蛋白羰基化合物;DNA损伤;24小时能耗;核心体温。
结果:6个月时各组体重变化的均值(标准误)为:对照组-1.0%(1.1%);限制热量组-10.4%(0.9%);限制热量+运动组-10.0%(0.8%);极低热量饮食组-13.9%(0.7%)。6个月时,各干预组空腹血糖水平较基线明显降低(P均〈0.01),而DHEAS和葡萄糖水平没有改变。限制热量组及限制热量+运动组核心体温有所下降(P均〈0.05)。对机体组成进行校正后发现,对照组24小时静息能耗无变化,但限制热量组(-135kcal/d[42kcal/d])、限制热量+运动组(-117kcal/d[52kcal/d])和极低热量饮食组(-125kcal/d[35kcal/d])24小时静息能耗有所下降(P均〈0.008)。上述“代谢调节”(超出预计值的-6%)与对照组相比存在显著差异(P〈0.05)。6个月时,各组蛋白羰基化合物的浓度较基线时无变化,而各干预组DNA损伤有所减少(P〈0.005)。
结论:我们的研究结果显示,长期限制热量可降低人类寿命的2种指标(即空腹胰岛素水平和体温)。此外,我们的研究结果还支持下述理论,即限制热量能降低代谢率,且超过缩小代谢面积产生的相应效应。我们尚需开展远期研究来评价限制热量能否延缓人类衰老过程。 | Leonie K. Heibronn Lilian de Jonge Madlyn I. Frisard James P. DeLany D. Enette Larson-Meyer Jennifer Rood Tuong Nguyen Corby K. Martin Julia Volaufova Marlene M. Most Frank L. Greenway Steven R. Smith Walter A. Deutsch Donald A. Williamson Eric Ravussin 顾佳(译) | 2006 | 美国医学会杂志(中文版)2006，25，5： | 18 |
| 2 | 国际视野下的数字人文教育--基础设施视角的社区驱动型数字人文课程登记中心显示文摘数字人文以其新实践、新途径和新方法丰富了传统的人文学科领域。进入21世纪以来,暑期学校、研讨会和其他类似形式的教育活动普及了一系列与之相关的必备技能,以保证学生、学者们能够把握数字时代的新机会,同时世界各地推出了越来越多相关的学士和硕士项目。本文论述的焦点--数字人文课程登记中心(Digital Humanities Course Registry,DHCR)的创建就是为了展现全球日益兴盛的数字人文教育状况,其使命是广泛收集同类课程的资料,提供数字人文领域教学和培训的最新动态。文章探讨了数字人文这一新兴领域,并对CLARIN和DARIAH这两个欧洲基础设施进行介绍--它们是DHCR的共同运营者。文中还具体描述了DHCR的数据模型和数据管护流程,简要介绍其历史。利用DHCR实时数据,以定量方式描绘了数字人文教学的国际格局。 | Tanja Wissik Jennifer Edmond Frank Fischer Franciska de Jong Stefania Scagliola Andrea Scharnhorst Hendrik Schmeer Walter Scholger Leon Wessels 郑炜楠(译) 肖鹏(译) 林佩倩(校) | 2020 | 图书馆论坛2020，40，6： | 6 |
| 3 | Outcome After Colectomy for Clostridium Difficile Colitis显示文摘 | Walter E. Longo M.D. John E. Mazuski M.D. Katherine S. Virgo Ph.D. Paul Lee M.D. Anil N. Bahadursingh M.D. Frank E. Johnson M.D | 2004 | Diseases of the Colon & Rectum2004，，10： | 2 |
| 4 | Global hot-spots of heat stress on agricultural crops due to climate change显示文摘 | Edmar I. Teixeira Guenther Fischer Harrij van Velthuizen Christof Walter Frank Ewert | 2011 | Agricultural and Forest Meteorology2011，，： | 2 |
| 5 | Lower gastrointestinal bleeding显示文摘 | Dr. Anthony M. Vernava M.D. Beth A. Moore M.D. Walter E. Longo M.D. Frank E. Johnson M.D | 1997 | Diseases of the Colon & Rectum1997，，7： | 2 |
| 6 | Noninvasive Identification of the Unstable Carotid Plaque显示文摘 | Brajesh K. Lal Robert W. Hobson Meera Hameed Peter J. Pappas Frank T. Padberg Zafar Jamil Walter N. Durán | 2006 | Annals of Vascular Surgery2006，，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Palladium catalyst Ⅲ reduction of ketones显示文摘 | WALTER H H FRANK S C | 1934 | J of Am Chem Soc1934，56，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Risk factors for morbidity and mortality after colectomy for colon ca- ncer显示文摘 | Walter E Iamgo Katherine S Virgo Frank E Johnson | 2000 | Dis Colon & Rectum2000，43，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Stochastic Resonance and Sensory Information Processing: A Tutorial and Review of Application 显示文摘 | Frank M Lawrence M Walter G | 2004 | Clinical Neurophysiology2004，115，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Lares developments in the open-die forging industry显示文摘 | Duerr Oliver Frank Arno Grimm Walter | 2000 | Stahl un( Eisen2000，，： | 1 |
| 11 | Weather or weathering?Growth of Nothofagus dombeyi on volcanic soils differing in nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations显示文摘Aims We tested whether—in addition to weather conditions—the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in the substrate have an effect on the radial stem increment of Nothofagus dombeyi trees in old-growth forest stands on volcanic soil at the western slopes of the Andes in South-Central Chile.Methods We took soil samples and tree increment cores from five proximate sites(1000-1300 m a.s.l.)that are located in the volcanic region of the Conguillío National Park and differ in the age of the substrate(Miocene—3500 years B.P.)and in its concentrations of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P).The soil samples were also analysed on their concentrations of other plant mineral nutrients,carbon(C)and nitrogen isotope ratios(δ^(15)N).Tree-ring widths and the stem basal area increment(BAI)were related to climate parameters.In selected tree rings,the stable isotope ratios of carbon(δ^(13)C)and oxygen(δ^(18)O)were determined and related to growth and climate parameters.Important FindingsConsistent with theory,the soils on the oldest substrate showed the highest(least negative)δ^(15)N values,but mineral N was the only nutrient whose concentration exhibited a straightforward(increasing)relationship with increasing substrate age.The BAI was largest on the soil with the highest concentration of plant-available P.In contrast to BAI,tree-ring chronologies did not differ among the study sites.However,tree-ring chronologies and BAI exhibited significantly positive correlations with summer precipitation,and negative correlations,with summer(December)temperature.A negative correlation was found betweenδ^(13)C and precipitation anomalies in the growing season(November-March).We interpret the negative correlations between growth and temperature,and betweenδ^(13)C andδ^(18)O in the tree rings,as an impairment of net carbon assimilation by anomalously warm weather conditions during the growing season.We conclude that the growth of N.dombeyi is mainly affected by high temperature and low precipitation in spring and summer irrespective of the substrate’s age,and enhanced by higher concentrations of plant-available P in the soil.Our results may be representative of N.dombeyi stands on volcanic substrate within their principal distribution range along the Andes of South America. | Christoph Walter Cecilia A.Pérez Frank M.Thomas | 2016 | Journal of Plant Ecology2016，9，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Eating patterns and type 2 diabetes risk in older women: breakfast consumption and eating frequency123显示文摘 | Rania A Mekary Edward Giovannucci Leah Cahill Walter C Willett Rob M van Dam Frank B Hu | 2013 | American Journal of Clinical Nutrition2013，，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Recovery From Aphasia After Hemicraniectomy for Infarction of the Speech-Dominant Hemisphere显示文摘 | Frank Kastrau Marcus Wolter Walter Huber Frank Block | 2005 | Stroke2005，，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Fatty acid synthase drives the synthesis of phospholipids partitioning into detergent-resistant membrane microdomains显示文摘 | Johannes V Swinnen Paul P Van Veldhoven Leen Timmermans Ellen De Schrijver Koen Brusselmans Frank Vanderhoydonc Tine Van de Sande Hannelore Heemers Walter Heyns Guido Verhoeven | 2003 | Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications2003，，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Perspectives on fuel ethanol consumption and trade显示文摘 | Walter Arnaldo Rosillo-Calle Frank Dolzan Paulo | 2008 | Biomass and Bioenergy2008，32，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Characterization of murine lung interstitial macrophages in comparison with alveolar macrophages in vitro 显示文摘 | Franke Ullmann G Pfortner C Walter P | 1996 | J Immunol1996，157，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Development and field-test of a 10kV/10MVA resistive current limiter based on bulk MCP-BSCCO 2212显示文摘 | Joachim Bock Frank Breuer Heribert Walter | 2005 | IEEE Trans on Applied Superconductivity2005，15，2： | 1 |
| 18 | A Comparison of Adrenalectomy with Other Resections for Metastatic Cancers显示文摘 | Terence P Wade Walter E Longo Katherine S Virgo Frank E Johnson | 1998 | The American Journal of Surgery1998，，3： | 1 |
| 19 | A model of a trust-based recommendation system on a social network显示文摘 | Frank Edward Walter Stefano Battiston Frank Schweitzer | 2008 | Autonomous Agents and Multi - Agent Systems2008，，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Lower gastrointestinal bleeding显示文摘 | Dr. Anthony M. Vernava M.D. Beth A. Moore M.D. Walter E. Longo M.D. Frank E. Johnson M.D | 1997 | Diseases of the Colon & Rectum1997，，7： | 1 |
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