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| 1 | Identify lymphatic metastasis-associated genes in mouse hepatocarcinoma cell lines using gene chip显示文摘AIM: In order to obtain lymphogenous metastasisassociated genes, we compared the transcriptional profiles of mouse hepatocarcinoma cell lines Hca-F with highly lymphatic metastasis potential and Hca-P with low lymphatic metastasis potential.METHODS: Total RNA was isolated from Hca-F and Hca-P cells and synthesized into double-stranded cDNA. In vitro transcription double-stranded cDNA was labeled with biotin (i.e. biotin-labeled cRNA, used as the probe). The cRNA probes hybridized with Affymetrix GeneChip() MOE430A (containing 22 690 transcripts, including 14 500 known mouse genes and 4 371 ESTs) respectively and the signals were scanned by the GeneArray Scanner. The results were then analyzed by bioinformatics.RESULTS: Out of the 14 500 known genes investigated,110 (0.8%) were up regulated at least 23 fold. Among the total 4 371 ESTs, 17 ESTs (0.4%) (data were not presented) were up regulated at least 23 fold. According to the Gene Ontology and TreeView analysis, the 110genes were further classified into two groups: differential biological process profile and molecular function profile.CONCLUSION: Using high-throughput gene chip method,a large number of genes and their cellular functions about angiogenesis, cell adhesion, signal transduction, cell motility, transport, microtubule-based process, cytoskeleton organization and biogenesis, cell cycle, transcription,chaperone activity, motor activity, protein kinase activity,receptor binding and protein binding might be involved in the process of lymphatic metastasis and deserve to be used as potential candidates for further investigation.Cyclin D1, Fosl1, Hsp47, EGFR and AR, and Cav-1 are selected as the possible candidate genes of the metastatic phenotype, which need to be validated in later experiments.ESTs (data were not presented) might indicate novel genes associated with lymphatic metastasis. Validating the function of these genes is helpful to identify the key or candidate gene/pathway responsible for lymphatic metastasis, which might be used as the diagnostic markers and the therapeutic targets for lymphatic metastasis. | BoSong Jian-WuTang BoWang Xiao-NanCui LiHou LuSun Li-MinMao Chun-HuiZhou YueDu Li-HuiWang Hua-XinWang Ren-ShuZheng LeiSun | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，10： | 19 |
| 2 | Convective heat transfer of water flow in intersected rock fractures for enhanced geothermal extraction显示文摘Numerous intersected rock fractures constitute the fracture network in enhanced geothermal systems.The complicated convective heat transfer behavior in intersected fractures is critical to the heat recovery in fractured geothermal reservoirs.A series of three-dimensional intersected fracture models is constructed to perform the flow-through heat transfer simulations.The geometry effects of dead-end fractures(DEFs)on the heat transfer are evaluated in terms of intersected angles,apertures,lengths,and the connectivity.The results indicate that annular streamlines appear in the rough DEF and cause an ellipse distribution of the cold front.Compared to plate DEFs,the fluid flow in the rough DEF enhances the heat transfer.Both the increment of outlet water temperatureΔToutand the ratio of heat production Qrpresent the largest at the intersected angle of 90°while decline with the decrease of the intersected angle between the main flow fracture(MFF)and the DEFs.The extension of the length of intersected DEFs is beneficial to heat production while enhancing its aperture is not needed.Solely increasing the number of intersected DEFs induces a little increase of heat extraction,and more significant heat production can be obtained through connecting these DEFs with the MFF forming the flow network. | Yuedu Chen Zhihong Zhao Huan Peng | 2022 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2022，14，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Unloading-induced permeability recovery in rock fractures显示文摘Underground space creation and energy extraction, which induce unloading on rock fractures, commonly occur in various rock engineering projects, and rock engineering projects are subjected to high temperatures with increasing depth. Fluid flow behavior of rock fractures is a critical issue in many subsurface rock engineering projects. Previous studies have extensively considered permeability evolution in rock fractures under loading phase, whereas changes in fracture permeability under unloading phase have not been fully understood. To examine the unloading-induced changes in fracture permeability under different temperatures, we performed water flow-through tests on fractured rock samples subjected to decreasing confining pressures and different temperatures. The experimental results show that the permeability of fracture increases with unloading of confining pressure but decreases with loading-unloading cycles. Temperature may affect fracture permeability when it is higher than a certain threshold. An empirical model of fracture hydraulic aperture including two material parameters of initial normal stiffness and maximum normal closure can well describe the permeability changes in rough rock fracture subjected to loading-unloading cycles and heating. A coupled thermo-mechanical model considering asperity damage is finally used to understand the influences of stress paths and temperatures on fracture permeability. | Tao Lin Wen Meng Yuedu Chen Zhihong Zhao Bing Liu Jintong Zhang Sicong Chen Xingguang Zhao | 2023 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2023，15，12： | 0 |
| 4 | The role of temperature‐enhanced fault closure in promoting postinjection pressure diffusion and seismicity in enhanced geothermal systems显示文摘Post shut‐in seismic events in enhanced geothermal systems(EGSs)occur predominantly at the outer rim of the co‐injection seismic cloud.The concept of postinjection fracture and fault closure near the injection well has been proposed and validated as a mechanism for enhancing post shut‐in pressure diffusion that promotes seismic hazard.This phenomenon is primarily attributed to the poro‐elastic closure of fractures resulting from the reduction of wellbore pressure after injection termination.However,the thermal effects in EGSs,mainly including heat transfer and thermal stress,may not be trivial and their role in postinjection fault closure and pressure evolution needs to be explored.In this study,we performed numerical simulations to analyze the relative importance of poro‐elasticity,heat transfer,and thermo‐elasticity in promoting postinjection fault closure and pressure diffusion.The numerical model wasfirst validated against analytical solutions in terms offluid pressure diffusion and against heatedflow‐through experiments in terms of thermal processes.We then quantified and distinguished the contribution of each individual mechanism by comparing four different shut‐in scenarios simulated under different coupled conditions.Our results highlight the importance of poro‐elastic fault closure in promoting postinjection pressure buildup and seismicity,and suggest that heat transfer can further augment the fault closure‐induced pressure increase and thus potentially intensify the postinjection seismic hazard,with minimal contribution from thermo‐elasticity. | Yinlin Ji Yuedu Chen Hannes Hofmann Yuan Zhang Arno Zang Günter Zimmermann | 2023 | Deep Underground Science and Engineering2023，2，4： | 0 |
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