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| 1 | Investigation of PM_(2.5) pollution during COVID-19 pandemic in Guangzhou,China显示文摘The COVID-19 pandemic has raised awareness about various environmental issues,includ-ing PM_(2.5) pollution.Here,PM_(2.5) pollution during the COVID-19 lockdown was traced and an-alyzed to clarify the sources and factors influencing PM_(2.5) in Guangzhou,with an emphasis on heavy pollution.The lockdown led to large reductions in industrial and traffic emissions,which significantly reduced PM_(2.5) concentrations in Guangzhou.Interestingly,the trend of PM_(2.5) concentrations was not consistent with traffic and industrial emissions,as minimum concentrations were observed in the fourth period(3/01-3/31,22.45 μg/m^(3))of the lockdown.However,the concentrations of other gaseous pollutants,e.g.,SO_(2),NO_(2) and CO,were corre-lated with industrial and traffic emissions,and the lowest values were noticed in the sec-ond period(1/24-2/0_(3))of the lockdown.Meteorological correlation analysis revealed that the decreased PM_(2.5) concentrations during COVID-19 can be mainly attributed to decreased in-dustrial and traffic emissions rather than meteorological conditions.When meteorological factors were included in the PM_(2.5) composition and backward trajectory analyses,we found that long-distance transportation and secondary pollution offset the reduction of primary emissions in the second and third stages of the pandemic.Notably,industrial PM_(2.5) emis-sions from western,southern and southeastern Guangzhou play an important role in the formation of heavy pollution events.Our results not only verify the importance of control-ling traffic and industrial emissions,but also provide targets for further improvements in PM_(2.5) pollution. | Luyao Wen Chun Yang Xiaoliang Liao Yanhao Zhang Xuyang Chai Wenjun Gao Shulin Guo Yinglei Bi Suk-Ying Tsang Zhi-Feng Chen Zenghua Qi Zongwei Cai | 2022 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2022，34，5： | 2 |
| 2 | Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite scintillators for mixed field radiation detection显示文摘Sensitive and fast detection of neutrons and gamma rays is vital for homeland security,high-energy physics,and proton therapy.Fast-neutron detectors rely on light organic scintillators,andγ-ray detectors use heavy inorganic scintillators and semiconductors.Efficient mixed-field detection using a single material is highly challenging due to their contradictory requirements.Here we report hybrid perovskites(C_(8)H_(12)N)_(2)Pb(Br_(0.95)Cl_(0.05))_(4)that combine light organic cations and heavy inorganic skeletons at a molecular level to achieve unprecedented performance for mixed-field radiation detection.High neutron absorption due to a high density of hydrogen,strong radiative recombination within the highly confined[PbX_(6)]^(4-)layer,and sub-nanometer distance between absorption sites and radiative centers,enable a light yield of 41000 photons/MeV,detection pulse width of 2.97 ns and extraordinary linearity response toward both fast neutrons andγ-rays,outperforming commonly used fast-neutron scintillators.Neutron energy spectrum,time-of-flight based fast-neutron/γ-ray discrimination and neutron yield monitoring were all successfully achieved using(C_(8)H_(12)N)_(2)Pb(Br_(0.95)Cl_(0.05))_(4)detectors.We further demonstrate the monitoring of reaction kinetics and total power of a nuclear fusion reaction.We envision that molecular hybridized scintillators open a new avenue for mixed-field radiation detection and imaging. | Mengling Xia Guangda Niu Linyue Liu Runlong Gao Tong Jin Pengying Wan Weicheng Pan Xianpeng Zhang Zuoxiang Xie Sam Teale Zenghua Cai Jiajun Luo Shan Zhao Haodi Wu Shiyou Chen Zhiping Zheng Qingguo Xie Xiaoping Ouyang Edward HSargent Jiang Tang | 2022 | InfoMat2022，4，9： | 2 |
| 3 | Application of a real-ambient fine particulate matter exposure system on different animal models显示文摘Simulation of fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))exposure is essential for evaluating adverse health effects.In this work,an ambient exposure system that mimicked real atmospheric conditions was installed in Taiyuan,China to study impacts of chronic PM_(2.5) exposure on adult and aged mice as well as Sirtuin3 knockout(Sirt3 KO)mice and wild-type(WT)mice.The real-ambient exposure system eliminated the possible artificial effects caused from exposure experiments and maintained the physiochemical characteristics of PM_(2.5).The case studies indicated that aged mice exhibited apparent heart dysfunction involving in-creased heart rate and decreased blood pressure after 17-week of real-ambient PM_(2.5) exposure.Meanwhile,15-week of real-ambient PM_(2.5) exposure decreased the heart rate and amounts of associated catecholamines to induce heart failure in Sirt3 KO mice.Additionally,the increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and decreased platelet related indices suggested that inflammation occurred.The changes of biomarkers detected by targeted metabolomics confirmed metabolic disorder in WT and Sirt3 KO mice after exposed to real-ambient PM_(2.5).These results indicated that the real-ambient PM_(2.5) exposure system could evaluate the risks of certain diseases associated with air pollution and have great potential for support-ing the investigations of PM_(2.5) effects on other types of rodent models. | Yuanyuan Song Lifang Zhao Zenghua Qi Yanhao Zhang Guodong Cao Ruijin Li Lin Zhu Zhu Yang Chuan Dong Zongwei Cai | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，7： | 1 |
| 4 | Modulating J-V hysteresis of planar perovskite solar cells and mini-modules via work function engineering显示文摘Commercialization of perovskite solar cells(PSCs) requires the development of high-efficiency devices with none current density-voltage(J-V) hysteresis. Here, electron transport layers(ETLs) with gradual change in work function(WF) are successfully fabricated and employed as an ideal model to investigate the energy barriers, charge transfer and recombination kinetics at ETL/perovskite interface. The energy barrier for electron injection existing at ETL/perovskite is directly assessed by surface photovoltage microscopy, and the results demonstrate the tunable barriers have significant impact on the J-V hysteresis and performance of PSCs. By work function engineering of ETL, PSCs exhibit PCEs over 21% with negligible hysteresis. These results provide a critical understanding of the origin reason for hysteresis effect in planar PSCs, and clear reveal that the J-V hysteresis can be effectively suppressed by carefully tuning the interface features in PSCs. By extending this strategy to a modified formamidinium-cesium-rubidium(FA-Cs-Rb) perovskite system, the PCEs are further boosted to 24.18%. Moreover, 5 cm × 5 cm perovskite mini-modules are also fabricated with an impressive efficiency of 20.07%, demonstrating compatibility and effectiveness of our strategy on upscaled devices. | Zenghua Wang Bing Cai Deyu Xin Min Zhang Xiaojia Zheng | 2023 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2023，，10： | 0 |
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