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| 1 | Alcoholic liver disease:Utility of animal models显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease(ALD) is a major cause of acute and chronic liver injury. Extensive evidence has been accumulated on the pathological process of ALD during the past decades. However, effective treatment options for ALD are very limited due to the lack of suitable in vivo models that recapitulate the full spectrum of ALD. Experimental animal models of ALD, particularly rodents, have been used extensively to mimic human ALD. An ideal animal model should recapitulate all aspects of the ALD process, including significant steatosis, hepatic neutrophil infiltration, and liver injury. A better strategy against ALD depends on clear diagnostic biomarkers, accurate predictor(s) of its progression and new therapeutic approaches to modulate stop or even reverse the disease. Numerous models employing rodent animals have been established in the last decades to investigate the effects of acute and chronic alcohol exposure on the initiation and progression of ALD. Although significant progress has been made in gaining better knowledge on the mechanisms and pathology of ALD, many features of ALD are unknown, and require further investigation, ideally with improved animal models that more effectively mimic human ALD. Although differences in the degree and stages of alcoholic liver injury inevitably exist between animal models and human ALD, the acquisition and translational relevance will be greatly enhanced with the development of new and improved animal models of ALD. | Arantza Lamas-Paz Fengjie Hao Leonard J Nelson Maria Teresa Vázquez Santiago Canals Manuel Gómez del Moral Eduardo Martínez-Naves Yulia A Nevzorova Francisco Javier Cubero | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，45： | 26 |
| 2 | Dissecting the molecular pathophysiology of drug-induced liver injury显示文摘Drug-induced liver injury(DILI) has become a major topic in the field of Hepatology and Gastroenterology. DILI can be clinically divided into three phenotypes: hepatocytic, cholestatic and mixed. Although the clinical manifestations of DILI are variable and the pathogenesis complicated, recent insights using improved preclinical models, have allowed a better understanding of the mechanisms that trigger liver damage. In this review, we will discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying DILI. The toxicity of the drug eventually induces hepatocellular damage through multiple molecular pathways, including direct hepatic toxicity and innate and adaptive immune responses. Drugs or their metabolites, such as the common analgesic, acetaminophen, can cause direct hepatic toxicity through accumulation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial dysfunction. The innate and adaptive immune responses play also a very important role in the occurrence of idiosyncratic DILI. Furthermore, we examine common forms of hepatocyte death and their association with the activation of specific signaling pathways. | Hui Ye Leonard J Nelson Manuel Gómez del Moral Eduardo Martínez-Naves Francisco Javier Cubero | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，13： | 19 |
| 3 | Metastatic type 1 gastric carcinoid:A real threat or just a myth?显示文摘AIM:To describe disease characteristics and treatment modalities in a group of rare patients with metastatic gastric carcinoid type 1(GCA1).METHODS:Information on clinical,biochemical,radiological,histopathological findings,the extent of the disease,as well as the use of different therapeutic modalities and the long-term outcome were recorded.Patients’data were assessed at presentation,and thereafter at 6 to 12 monthly intervals both clinically and biochemically,but also endoscopically and histopathologically.Patients were evaluated for the presence of specific symptoms;the presence of autoimmune disorders and the presence of other gastrointestinal malignancies in other family members were also recorded.The evaluation of response to treatment was defined using established WHO criteria.RESULTS:We studied twenty consecutive patients with a mean age of 55.1 years.The mean follow-up period was 83 mo.Twelve patients had regional lymph node metastases and 8 patients had liver metastases.The primary tumor mean diameter was 20.13±10.83mm(mean±SD).The mean Ki-67 index was 6.8%±11.2%.All but one patient underwent endoscopic or surgical excision of the tumor.The disease was stable in all but 3 patients who had progressive liver disease.All patients remained alive during the follow-up period.CONCLUSION:Metastatic GCA1 carries a good overall prognosis,being related to a tumor size of≥1 cm,an elevated Ki-67 index and high serum gastrin levels. | Simona Grozinsky-Glasberg Dimitrios Thomas Jonathan R Strosberg Ulrich-Frank Pape Stephan Felder Apostolos V Tsolakis Krystallenia I Alexandraki Merav Fraenkel Leonard Saiegh Petachia Reissman Gregory Kaltsas David J Gross | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，46： | 11 |
| 4 | Circulating MicroRNA Is a Biomarker of Pediatric Crohn Disease显示文摘 | Adam M Zahm Meena Thayu Nicholas J Hand Amber Horner Mary B Leonard Joshua R Friedman | 2011 | Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition2011，，1： | 3 |
| 5 | 青少年甘油磷酸胆碱代谢和心血管病的危险因素:一项队列研究显示文摘甘油磷酸胆碱(glycerophosphocholine,GPC)代谢物可调节动脉粥样硬化,从而导致心血管病风险。临床前期心血管病可能从青春期就开始。研究人员应用靶向血清脂质组学鉴定一组新的GPC,并测试在青春期时这些GPC中的任何一种是否与心血管病传统危险因子,如过量内脏脂肪、升高的血压、胰岛素抵抗和致动脉粥样硬化血脂异常相关。 | Syme C Czajkowski S Shin J Abrahamowicz M Leonard G Perron M Richer L Veillette S Gaudet D Strug L Wang Y Xu H Taylor G Paus T Bennett S Pausova Z 刘莉 叶鹏 | 2016 | 中华高血压杂志2016，24，10： | 3 |
| 6 | piRNAs Can Trigger a Multigenerational Epigenetic Memory in the Germline of C. elegans显示文摘 | Alyson Ashe Alexandra Sapetschnig Eva-Maria Weick Jacinth Mitchell Marloes P. Bagijn Amy C. Cording Anna-Lisa Doebley Leonard D. Goldstein Nicolas J. Lehrbach Jérémie Le Pen Greta Pintacuda Aisa Sakaguchi Peter Sarkies Shawn Ahmed Eric A. Miska | 2012 | Cell2012，，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Increasing diabetes self-management education in community settings显示文摘 | Susan L Norris Phyllis J Nichols Carl J Caspersen Russell E Glasgow Michael M Engelgau Leonard Jack Susan R Snyder Vilma G Carande-Kulis George Isham Sanford Garfield Peter Briss David McCulloch | 2002 | American Journal of Preventive Medicine2002，，4： | 2 |
| 8 | Finite element analysis of the field patterns of higher-order TE and TM modes in rectangular-groove guide 显示文摘 | Lu Mai Leonard P J | 2001 | International Journal of Infrared and Millimeter Waves2001，22，9： | 2 |
| 9 | Oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity: acute hyperexcitability and chronic neuropathy显示文摘 | Lehky T J Leonard GD Wilson RH | 2004 | Muscle Nerve2004，29，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Power - efficient relay selection in cooperative networks using decentralized distributed space -time block coding显示文摘 | ZHANG Lu Leonard J Cimini Jr | 2008 | EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing2008，，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Executive Pay and Firm Performance显示文摘 | Leonard J | 1990 | Industrial and Labor Relations Review1990，，43： | 1 |
| 12 | Antichymotrypsin is the Human Plasma Inhibitor of Macrophage Ectoenzymes That Cleave Pro-macrophage Stimulating Protein显示文摘 | Skeel A Leonard E J | 2001 | J Biol Chem2001，276，21： | 1 |
| 13 | The molecular basis of X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency:the role of the interleukin-2 receptor gamma chain as a common gamma,gamma c显示文摘 | LEONARD W J NOGUCHI M RUSSELL S M | 1994 | Immunol Rev1994，138，16： | 1 |
| 14 | Efects of temperature and light on virulence of Exserehilum turcicum on corn 显示文摘 | Thakur R P Leonard K J Leath S | 1989 | Phytopathology1989，，79： | 1 |
| 15 | Superstars in the National BasketballAssociation:Economic Value and Policy显示文摘 | Hausman J A Leonard G K | 1997 | Journal of Labor Eco-nomics1997，15，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Repetitive functionalization of water-soluble single-walled carbon nanotubes: Addition of acid-sensitive addends 显示文摘 | Stephenson J J Hudson J L Leonard A D | 2007 | Chem-istry of Materials2007，19，14： | 1 |
| 17 | Widespread origins of domestic horse lineages显示文摘 | VILA C LEONARD J A GOTHERSTROM A | 2001 | Science2001，291，5503： | 1 |
| 18 | Maternal health in pregnancy and intellectual disability in the offspring:a populationbased study显示文摘 | Leonard H de Klerk N Bourke J | 2006 | Ann Epidemiol2006，16，： | 1 |
| 19 | IL-2 family cytokines: new insights into the complex roles of IL-2 as a broad regulator of T helper cell differentiation显示文摘 | Liao Wei Lin Jia-xin Leonard W J | 2011 | Curr Opin Immunol2011，23，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Model-based feedback control of autonomous underwater gliders 显示文摘 | LEONARD N E CRAVER J G | 2001 | IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering2001，26，4： | 1 |
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