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| 1 | 人参抗肿瘤作用的有效成分及其机制研究进展显示文摘人参是中国延用了两千多年珍贵的传统中药材之一,由于其具有诸多药理作用而临床广泛应用于治疗肿瘤等多种疾病。目前肿瘤已经成为威胁人类健康的重要因素,因而人参抗肿瘤作用也越加受到关注。针对人参抗肿瘤作用的有效成分及其分子作用机制、构效关系进行综述。研究表明人参抗肿瘤作用的主要有效成分为人参皂苷及其肠道菌群代谢产物、人参多糖和人参炔醇,这些活性成分发挥药理作用的机制目前已较为明确,其作用机制主要包括诱导肿瘤细胞周期阻滞、凋亡及分化、增强对肿瘤细胞免疫、抑制肿瘤细胞增殖及侵袭与转移等,而其分子机制涉及许多相关基因、蛋白、蛋白酶、免疫细胞、细胞因子及相关信号通路等的调控与表达。此外,人参有效成分的抗肿瘤作用表现出一定的剂量依赖性,且其化学结构的不同导致抗肿瘤活性有所差异。人参中含有丰富的抗肿瘤活性成分,有望为临床治疗各种肿瘤提供安全有效的天然药物及制剂。 | 罗林明 石雅宁 姜懿纳 詹济华 覃丽 陈乃宏 | 2017 | 中草药2017，48，3： | 111 |
| 2 | 红参的化学成分及药理作用研究进展显示文摘红参为人参常用炮制品之一,其化学成分主要有皂苷类、挥发油类、糖类、氨基酸类、微量元素等;药理作用研究发现红参主要具有增强免疫、抗肿瘤、抗氧化、抗衰老、抗疲劳、抗糖尿病、抗肝肾毒性作用等。红参在加工过程中会产生多种成分,如人参皂苷Rg3、人参皂苷Rh1、人参皂苷Rh2、人参炔醇、精氨酸双糖苷、麦芽酚等,这会使得红参的某些药理作用增强。本文则系统整理了2010~2020年红参的化学成分及药理活性的研究进展,以期为红参的质量控制、临床应用提供理论依据。 | 樊伟旭 詹志来 侯芳洁 郑玉光 | 2021 | 天然产物研究与开发2021，33，1： | 40 |
| 3 | 西洋参蒸制前后人参皂苷类成分变化及活性比较研究显示文摘采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),结合中药色谱指纹图谱相似度评价系统建立西洋参药材的化学指纹图谱,并采用化学计量法(聚类分析、主成分分析、正交偏最小二乘判别分析等)对所得结果进行分析;同时,进行了初步的抗氧化和抗结直肠癌细胞增殖活性的研究。通过比对炮制前后西洋参药材的指纹图谱表明,该文定量的8个人参皂苷类成分中5个成分的含量升高,分别为人参皂苷Rc,Rg2,Rb2,Rb3,Rd,蒸制后还新产生了一个成分。活性研究表明蒸西洋参抗氧化活性和抗结肠癌细胞增殖活性均优于生西洋参。研究结果表明,该实验所采用的西洋参的蒸制方法具有较好的稳定性与重复性,且西洋参蒸制后产生了与人参加工为红参后相似的变化,为扩大西洋参的应用范围提供了一定的参考。 | 安琪 郭梅 申亚君 张莹 王瑞鸾 郭龙 郑玉光 张丹 | 2020 | 中国中药杂志2020，45，18： | 12 |
| 4 | Prediction of the globally ecological suitability of Panax quinquefolius by the geographic information system for global medicinal plants(GMPGIS)显示文摘American ginseng(Panax quinquefolius L.) is a well-known Asian traditional herbal medicine with a large market demand. The plant is native to eastern North America, and its main producing areas worldwide are decreasing due to continuous cropping obstacles and environmental changes. Therefore, the identification of maximum similarities of new ecological distribution of P.quinquefolius, and prediction of its response to climate change in the future are necessary for plant introduction and cultivation. In this study, the areas with potential ecological suitability for P. quinquefolius were predicted using the geographic information system for global medicinal plants(GMPGIS) based on 476 occurrence points and 19 bioclimatic variables. The results indicate that the new ecologically suitable areas for P. quinquefolius are East Asia and the mid-eastern Europe, which are mainly distributed in China, Russia, Japan, Ukraine, Belarus, North Korean, South Korea, and Romania. Under global climate change scenarios, the suitable planting areas for P. quinquefolius would be increased by 9.16%–30.97%, and expanding north and west over the current ecologically suitable areas by 2070. The potential increased areas that are ecologically suitable include northern Canada, Eastern Europe, and the Lesser Khingan Mountains of China, and reduced regions are mainly in central China, the southern U.S., and southern Europe. Jackknife tests indicate that the precipitation of the warmest quarter was the important climatic factor controlling the distribution of P. quinquefolius.Our findings can be used as a useful guide for P. quinquefolius introduction and cultivation in ecologically suitable areas. | SHEN Liang LI Xi-Wen MENG Xiang-Xiao WU Jie TANG Huan HUANG Lin-Fang XIAO Shui-Ming XU Jiang CHEN Shi-Lin | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines2019，17，7： | 7 |
| 5 | 7种国内上市多糖药物临床应用及作用机制研究进展显示文摘多糖研究始于20世纪50年代,截至目前在自然界动植物中提取到大量的活性多糖,但因其成分复杂、分子量大,纯化难度大,结构复杂,从而作为药物获得国家批准上市的种类不多。本文总结了目前上市多糖药物的结构、临床应用及其作用机制,包括肝素、硫酸软骨素、黄芪多糖、香菇多糖、灵芝多糖、茯苓多糖、人参多糖等。多糖药物的结构及构效关系是多糖类新药研发的关键问题。目前只有肝素的结构、构效关系可基本阐明。除肝素外,其他多糖药物多有调节免疫,或通过调节免疫发挥抗肿瘤、抗炎作用。多糖药物作用机制复杂。对于多糖作用机制的研究多在细胞因子、细胞信号通路、淋巴细胞等方面。多糖药物的临床作用机制研究仍然缺乏。对这些多糖药物结构、临床应用、作用机制的总结和回顾,可为临床治疗和多糖新药开发提供参考。 | 白天凯 田静 闫滨 | 2021 | 世界科学技术-中医药现代化2021，23，10： | 6 |
| 6 | 气相色谱-质谱联用法和高效液相色谱法测定4种人参酒中的皂苷和挥发性成分显示文摘目的探究4种人参酒中皂苷和挥发性成分的差异。方法将4种参粉碎后用乙醇浸泡后,经顶空固相微萃取结合气相色谱-质谱联用法(gaschromatography-massspectrometry,GC-MS)测定其挥发性成分,再用高效液相色谱法(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)测定其皂苷成分。结果分别在红参、西洋参、鲜参和生晒参酒中检测出39、28、39和28种挥发性成分,其中白菖烯、(E)-β-金合欢烯、表蓝桉醇为共有的挥发性成分,倍半萜类化合物是人参酒的主要化合物,相对含量分别为42.3%、37.71%、46.25%和54.68%;在红参、西洋参、鲜参和生晒参酒分别检测出11、9、13和9种皂苷,其中Rg3仅在红参酒中检测出。结论4种参酒中的皂苷种类和挥发性成分均有差异,红参酒和鲜参酒呈现出更多种类的皂苷和挥发性成分。 | 曾承 杨定宽 季香青 史玉 黄一承 李丹 李晓磊 | 2021 | 食品安全质量检测学报2021，12，16： | 6 |
| 7 | 人参不定根生产、生物活性成分及应用现状显示文摘人参是一种著名药用植物,在世界范围内被广泛应用。为了解决人参资源的短缺问题,人参组织培养物即人参不定根生产培养技术被逐渐应用于人参及其生物活性成分的生产。与天然人参相比,人参不定根培养在生长速度和生物活性成分积累能力方面表现更优。人参不定根中的生物活性成分包括人参皂苷、人参多糖、肽类和脂肪酸等,其中人参皂苷是人参不定根药用价值的主要来源。人参不定根有免疫调节、改善记忆、肝保护和降血糖作用,有较好的药用和健康保健作用,人参不定根大规模培养在一定程度上能够促进我国健康产业的发展。本文综述了影响人参不定根生产的多种因素、几种较为重要的人参皂苷的生物学功能以及人参不定根的临床应用,以期为人参不定根的生产优化以及进一步的临床应用提供参考。 | 翟兵中 曲雪峰 胡文力 王茵 | 2021 | 食品安全质量检测学报2021，12，15： | 5 |
| 8 | 人参皂苷20(S)-Rg3通过抑制DNMT3A介导的启动子甲基化促进卵巢癌细胞中抑癌基因VHL的表达显示文摘目的明确人参皂苷20(S)-Rg3促进卵巢癌细胞抑癌基因von Hippel-Lindau(VHL)表达的机制。方法Real-time PCR和Western blotting检测20(S)-Rg3处理前后卵巢癌细胞SKOV3中的VHL、DNA甲基转移酶DNMT1、DNMT3A和DNMT3B的mRNA和蛋白水平。Real-time PCR检测甲基转移酶抑制剂5-氮杂-2-脱氧胞苷(5-Aza-CdR)处理卵巢癌细胞SKOV3前后VHL的mRNA水平变化。甲基化特异性PCR(MSP)检测20(S)-Rg3单纯处理组和20(S)-Rg3处理且过表达DNMT3A组的VHL基因启动子区的甲基化水平,并检测VHL的mRNA和蛋白表达水平。免疫组化检测课题组前期获得的20(S)-Rg3处理组及对照组的裸鼠皮下移植瘤组织中VHL和DNMT3A的蛋白表达。结果20(S)-Rg3处理后,卵巢癌细胞SKOV3中VHL的mRNA水平升高到阴性对照细胞的2倍以上,蛋白水平亦上调(P<0.05);DNMT3A的mRNA水平和蛋白水平均下降(P<0.05),DNMT3B的mRNA水平略有升高但蛋白水平无明显变化(P>0.05),DNMT1的mRNA和蛋白水平均无变化(P>0.05)。2μmol/L和5μmol/L的5-Aza-CdR处理后,SKOV3细胞的VHL mRNA水平升高到阴性对照细胞的3倍以上(P<0.05)。20(S)-Rg3使VHL基因启动子区的甲基化水平降低(P<0.05),在20(S)-Rg3处理的同时过表达DNMT3A,则VHL基因启动子甲基化水平再次升高,同时VHLmRNA和蛋白水平均降低(P<0.05)。免疫组织显示,相对于对照组,20(S)-Rg处理组的裸鼠皮下移植瘤组织中VHL的表达上调、DNMT3A的表达下调。结论20(S)-Rg3通过抑制DNMT3A介导的启动子甲基化而促进卵巢癌细胞中VHL的表达。 | 王莉洁 韩曦 郑霞 周园园 侯惠莲 陈葳 李旭 赵乐 | 2021 | 南方医科大学学报2021，41，1： | 5 |
| 9 | Anticancer effects of saponin and saponin–phospholipid complex of Panax notoginseng grown in Vietnam显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antitumor activity both in vitro and in vivo of saponin–phospholipid complex of Panax notoginseng.Methods:The in vitro cytotoxic effect of saponins extract and saponin–phospholipid complex against human lung cancer NCI-H460 and breast cancer cell lines BT474 was examined using MTS assay.For in vivo evaluation of antitumor potential,saponin and saponin–phospholipid complex were administered orally in rats induced mammary carcinogenesis by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene,for 30 days.Results:Our data showed that saponin–phospholipid complex had stronger anticancer effect compared to saponin extract.The IC50 values of saponin–phospholipid complex and saponin extract for NCI-H460 cell lines were 28.47 mg/m L and 47.97 mg/mL,respectively and these values for BT474 cells were 53.18 mg/mL and 86.24 mg/mL,respectively.In vivo experiments,administration of saponin,saponin–phospholipid complex and paclitaxel(positive control) effectively suppressed 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene-induced breast cancer evidenced by a decrease in tumor volume,the reduction of lipid peroxidation level and increase in the body weight,and elevated the enzymatic antioxidant activities of superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione peroxidase in rat breast tissue.Conclusions:Our study suggests that saponin extract from Panax notoginseng and saponin–phospholipid complex have potential to prevent cancer,especially breast cancer. | Thu Dang Kim Hai Nguyen Thanh Duong Nguyen Thuy Loi Vu Duc Thu Vu Thi Hung Vu Manh Patcharee Boonsiri Tung Bui Thanh | 2016 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2016，6，9： | 2 |
| 10 | Shenmai injection enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis through regulation of Mfn2-dependent mitochondrial dynamics in lung adenocarcinoma A549/DDP cells显示文摘Aim:Chemoresistance is the biggest obstacle in cancer treatment.Our previous study demonstrated that Shenmai injection(SMI),a Chinese herbal medicine,enhanced the antitumor effect of cisplatin via glucose metabolism reprogramming.This study aimed to further determine whether the SMI sensitizes the non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)cells to cisplatin through regulation mitochondrial dynamics.Methods:The Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was used to investigate the relationship between mRNA expression of mitofusin-2(Mfn2)and the survival analysis of NSCLC patients.The protein expression of Mfn2 in a lung adenocarcinoma tissue chip was detected by immunohistochemistry staining.The expression of Mfn2 and ATAD3A were compared between cisplatin-sensitive A549 and cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP cells.Additionally,A549/DDP cells were co-treated with cisplatin and SMI to detect mitochondrial morphology by fluorescent staining,apoptosis-related protein expression with Western blotting,and mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm)with flow cytometry analysis.Results:The mean survival time of the Mfn2^(low) group was significantly lower than that of the Mfn2^(high) group by Kaplan-Meier Plotter database analysis,and the Mfn2 protein expression level was lower in cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues.The combination of SMI and cisplatin induced dynamic changes in A549/DDP cells,with increased mitochondrial fusion followed by upregulation of Mfn2 and downregulation of ATAD3A and reduced mitochondrial mass and ΔΨm.Moreover,SMI significantly enhanced cisplatin-induced A549/DDP apoptosis,upregulated Bax and the active subunit of caspase-3,and downregulated Bcl-2 expression,as shown via Hoechst staining and flow cytometry analysis.Conclusion:Our findings suggest SMI enhances cisplatin-induced apoptosis through regulation of Mfn2-dependent mitochondrial dynamics in cisplatin-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells. | Yushi Chen Ye Sun Qiuyu Zhao Chunying Liu Chun Wang | 2021 | Cancer Drug Resistance2021，4，4： | 2 |
| 11 | 花旗参在大鼠体内的药代动力学特征研究显示文摘目的比较2种不同剂型的花旗参中皂苷Rh1、Rf、Re、Rc、Rb1在大鼠体内药代动力学主要参数,了解其在大鼠体内的变化特征与规律。方法随机将SD大鼠分为对照组、花旗参饮片组和花旗参茶组。大鼠一次性灌胃花旗参饮片提取物或者花旗参茶(75 mg/kg)后,分别在10 min~72 h内不同时间点采血。采用LC-MS法测定干预大鼠体内不同时间人参皂苷的含量变化,并采用Winnonlin软件分析主要药代动力学参数。结果大鼠口服2种不同剂型的花旗参75 mg/kg后,在大鼠血浆中检出5种成分Rh1、Rf、Re、Rc、Rb1,并分别在给药后45~60 min,60~120 min达峰。其主要药代动力学参数测定结果显示,花旗参茶组各皂苷的血药浓度时间曲线下面积(AUC_(0-t))、血药浓度峰值(C_(max))、半衰期(T_(1/2))和平均驻留时间(MRT)均大于水泡花旗参饮片组,用药以后血药浓度达到峰值所需的时间(T_(max))均小于水泡花旗参饮片组。结论口服不同剂型的花旗参在体内药代动力学参数具有明显的差别。从入血的有效成分来看,花旗参茶组在大鼠体内驻留时间和半衰期都较水泡花旗参饮片组有明显的增加,并能够在更短的时间内达到更高的血药浓度。大鼠对花旗参茶中人参皂苷的吸收、代谢明显优于水泡花旗参饮片。 | 朱洪萱 黄天养 余孝云 曹永军 尚强 张存珍 余琳玲 刘连生 崔国祯 | 2022 | 遵义医科大学学报2022，45，4： | 2 |
| 12 | 人参炮制品发酵前后功能性成分变化对比显示文摘该文探究人参炮制品发酵前后功能性成分变化,以白参、红参及黑参为原料,利用复合菌(植物乳杆菌与肠膜明串珠菌肠膜亚种)对其进行发酵,测定理化指标及皂苷、氨基酸含量及功效酶活力。试验发现微生物对发酵底物的不断利用使各组发酵液中总糖含量逐渐降低,作为发酵代谢产物的总酚及总酸含量逐渐增加。在发酵前,白参中天然人参皂苷Rb2、Rb1、Re、Rc的含量较高。与白参相比,红参和黑参中主要天然人参皂苷含量减少,稀有皂苷有少量生成。发酵前,白参中游离氨基酸的总含量最高,而黑参中总氨基酸含量最低;发酵后,人参炮制品的游离氨基酸含量均出现大幅度减少。必需氨基酸总含量除白参增加外,红参和黑参的必需氨基酸总含量明显降低。检测发酵前后蛋白酶、脂肪酶和超氧化物歧化酶功效酶酶活力,3种功效酶酶活力均呈现不同程度的提升。结果表明,人参炮制品在发酵后功能性成分会发生较大变化,识别和确认其成分有助于人参的加工和流通。 | 李秋阳 唐金鑫 刘士伟 邹佳琪 王丽娜 于雷 毕云枫 | 2023 | 食品研究与开发2023，44，1： | 1 |
| 13 | c-MYC-mediated TRIB3/P62^(+) aggresomes accumulation triggers paraptosis upon the combination of everolimus and ginsenoside Rh2显示文摘The mammalian target of rapamycin(m TOR) pathway is abnormally activated in lung cancer.However, the anti-lung cancer effect of m TOR inhibitors as monotherapy is modest. Here, we identified that ginsenoside Rh2, an active component of Panax ginseng C. A. Mey., enhanced the anti-cancer effect of the m TOR inhibitor everolimus both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, ginsenoside Rh2 alleviated the hepatic fat accumulation caused by everolimus in xenograft nude mice models. The combination of everolimus and ginsenoside Rh2(labeled Eve-Rh2) induced caspase-independent cell death and cytoplasmic vacuolation in lung cancer cells, indicating that Eve-Rh2 prevented tumor progression by triggering paraptosis. EveRh2 up-regulated the expression of c-MYC in cancer cells as well as tumor tissues. The increased cMYC mediated the accumulation of tribbles homolog 3(TRIB3)/P62+ aggresomes and consequently triggered paraptosis, bypassing the classical c-MYC/MAX pathway. Our study offers a potential effective and safe strategy for the treatment of lung cancer. Moreover, we have identified a new mechanism of TRIB3/P62+ aggresomes-triggered paraptosis and revealed a unique function of c-MYC. | Min-Xia Su Yu-Lian Xu Xiao-Ming Jiang Mu-Yang Huang Le-Le Zhang Luo-Wei Yuan Xiao-Huang Xu Qi Zhu Jian-Li Gao Jia-Hong Lu Xiuping Chen Ming-Qing Huang Yitao Wang Jin-Jian Lu | 2022 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2022，12，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Comparative analysis of physicochemical properties,ginsenosides content andα-amylase inhibitory effects in white ginseng and red ginsen显示文摘Ginseng(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer)as a common dietary adjunct is widely applied in Traditional Chinese Medicine due to its health-promoting properties,but the differences between white ginseng and red ginseng was rarely studied.In the present study,color parameters and scanning electron microscope(SEM)were determined to evaluate the differences of ginseng color and microstructure induced by processing procedure.Quantitative analysis of multi-components by a single-marker(QAMS)method and anti-α-amylase activity test were used to assess variations of chemical ingredients and pharmacological activity between white and red ginseng.Finally,molecular docking studies were carried out to screen out the most effective compound againstα-amylase.Results indicated that processing had a significant impact on the physicochemical properties and pharmacological activity of white and red ginseng.After processing,the color value of L*declined significantly.Red ginseng sample displayed a compact structure and presented of a gel layer on the surface compared to white ginseng.Additionally,the content of ginsenosides and the activity of anti-α-amylase decreased.The contents of total ginsenosides were positively correlated with the anti-α-amylase activities of ginseng,and ginsenoside Rb1 might be the most effective compound to inhibit the activity ofα-amylase. | Huairui Wang Yao Cheng Xue Zhang Yingping Wang Hui Zhao | 2023 | Food Science and Human Wellness2023，12，1： | 0 |
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