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| 1 | Two-dimensional materials for synaptic electronics and neuromorphic systems显示文摘Synapses in biology provide a variety of functions for the neural system. Artificial synaptic electronics that mimic the biological neuron functions are basic building blocks and developing novel artificial synapses is essential for neuromorphic computation. Inspired by the unique features of biological synapses that the basic connection components of the nervous system and the parallelism, low power consumption, fault tolerance, self-learning and robustness of biological neural systems, artificial synaptic electronics and neuromorphic systems have the potential to overcome the traditional von Neumann bottleneck and create a new paradigm for dealing with complex problems such as pattern recognition, image classification, decision making and associative learning. Nowadays, two-dimensional(2 D) materials have drawn great attention in simulating synaptic dynamic plasticity and neuromorphic computing with their unique properties. Here we describe the basic concepts of bio-synaptic plasticity and learning, the 2 D materials library and its preparation. We review recent advances in synaptic electronics and artificial neuromorphic systems based on 2 D materials and provide our perspective in utilizing 2 D materials to implement synaptic electronics and neuromorphic systems in hardware. | Shuiyuan Wang David Wei Zhang Peng Zhou | 2019 | Science Bulletin2019，64，15： | 10 |
| 2 | Mass production of 2D materials by intermediate-assisted grinding exfoliation显示文摘The scalable and high-efficiency production of 2D materials is a prerequisite to their commercial use.Currently,only graphene and graphene oxide can be produced on a ton scale,and the inability to produce other 2D materials on such a large scale hinders their technological applications.Here we report a grinding exfoliation method that uses micro-particles as force intermediates to resolve applied compressive forces into a multitude of small shear forces,inducing the highly efficient exfoliation of layer materials.The method;referred to as intermediate-assisted grinding exfoliation(iMAGE);can be used for the large-scale production of many 2D materials.As an example;we have exfoliated bulk h-BN into 2D h-BN with large flake sizes;high quality and structural integrity,with a high exfoliation yield of 67%,a high production rate of 0.3 g h^-1 and a low energy consumption of 3.01 x 106 J g^-1.The production rate and energy consumption are one to two orders of magnitude better than previous results.Besides h-BN,this iMAGE technology has been used to exfoliate various layer materials such as graphite,black phosphorus,transition metal dichalcogenides;and metal oxides;provings universality.Molybdenite concentrate,a natural low-cost and abundant mineral;was used as a demo for the large-scale exfoliation production of 2D M0S2 flakes.Our work indicates the huge potential of the iMAGE method to produce large amounts of various 2D materials;which paves the way for their commercial application. | Chi Zhang Junyang Tan Yikun Pan Xingke Cai Xiaolong Zou Hui-Ming Cheng Bilu Liu | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，2： | 10 |
| 3 | Salt-assisted chemical vapor deposition of two-dimensional materials显示文摘Two-dimensional(2D) materials with atomic thickness are promising candidates for the applications in future semiconductor devices, owing to their fascinating physical properties and superlative optoelectronic performance. Chemical vapor deposition(CVD) is considered to be an efficient method for large-scale preparation of 2D materials toward practical applications.However, the high melting points of metal precursors and the thermodynamics instabilities of metastable phases limit the direct CVD synthesis of plenty of 2D materials. The salt has recently been introduced into the CVD process, which proved to be effective to address these issues. In this review, we highlighted the latest progress in the salt-assisted CVD growth of 2D materials, including layered and non-layered crystals. Firstly, strategies of adding salts are summarized. Then, the salt-assisted growth of various layered materials is presented, emphasizing on the transition metal chalcogenides of stable and metastable phases. Furthermore, strategies to grow ultrathin non-layered materials are discussed. We provide viewpoints into the techniques of using salt, the effects of salt, and the growth mechanisms of 2D crystals. Finally, we offer the challenges to be overcome and further research directions of this emerging salt-assisted CVD technique. | Wei Han Kailang Liu Sanjun Yang Fakun Wang Jianwei Su Bao Jin Huiqiao Li Tianyou Zhai | 2019 | Science China Chemistry2019，62，10： | 8 |
| 4 | Potential of MXenes in Water Desalination: Current Status and Perspectives显示文摘MXenes,novel 2D transition metal carbides,have emerged as wonderful nanomaterials and a superlative contestant for a host of applications.The tremendous characteristics of MXenes,i.e.,high surface area,high metallic conductivity,ease of functionalization,biocompatibility,activated metallic hydroxide sites,and hydrophilicity,make them the best aspirant for applications in energy storage,catalysis,sensors,electronics,and environmental remediation.Due to their exceptional physicochemical properties and multifarious chemical compositions,MXenes have gained considerable attention for applications in water treatment and desalination in recent times.It is vital to understand the current status of MXene applications in desalination in order to define the roadmap for the development of MXene-based materials and endorse their practical applications in the future.This paper critically reviews the recent advancement in the synthesis of MXenes and MXene-based composites for applications in desalination.The desalination potential of MXenes is portrayed in detail with a focus on ion-sieving membranes,capacitive deionization,and solar desalination.The ion removal mechanism and regeneration ability of MXenes are also summarized to get insight into the process.The key challenges and issues associated with the synthesis and applications of MXenes and MXene-based composites in desalination are highlighted.Lastly,research directions are provided to guarantee the synthesis and applications of MXenes in a more effective way.This review may provide an insight into the applications of MXenes for water desalination in the future. | Ihsanullah Ihsanullah | 2020 | Nano-Micro Letters2020，12，6： | 6 |
| 5 | Construction of van der Waals substrates for largely mismatched heteroepitaxy systems using first principles显示文摘The high density of defects induced by large strains in largely mismatched heteroepitaxy systems, such as AlN and GaN, because of the large lattice and thermal mismatch between substrates and epilayers is the bottleneck problem. Graphene-assisted van der Waals(vdW) heteroepitaxy offers a new opportunity to resolve this problem. However, it suffers from the difficulty of nucleation. Here we theoretically assess the effects of five 2D materials for vdW heteroepitaxy of AlN and GaN, including graphene, hBN, MoS2, gC3N, and gC3N4, and provide physical insights using first-principle calculations. MoS2 and gC3N exhibit significant potential to overcome the shortcomings of graphene owing to their appropriate binding strengths and Al(or Ga)diffusion barriers. Moreover, the interface behavior between the epilayers and the substrates are carefully analyzed. Our findings are helpful not only for obtaining high-quality AlN and GaN films but also for developing new criterions to discover effective 2D materials for vdW heteroepitaxy. | ZhiMing Shi XiaoJuan Sun YuPing Jia XinKe Liu ShanLi Zhang ZhanBin Qi DaBing Li | 2019 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2019，62，12： | 3 |
| 6 | 新兴二维材料在柔性能源存储和转换中的应用(英文)显示文摘近年来,智能可穿戴电子产品开始走入我们的日常生活,同时也极大地激发了研究者们对柔性能源的研究兴趣.以过渡金属二硫族化合物为代表的新兴二维材料表现出了优秀的光电和机械性能、高的理论比容量等性质,使其在柔性能源存储和转换领域备受关注.相比于零带隙且比容量低的石墨烯或者硅等传统材料,这些新兴的二维材料在构筑柔性光电器件及二次电池方面具有良好的应用前景.本文综述了新型二维材料在二次电池、超级电容器、太阳能电池、光电探测器和纳米发电机等柔性能源应用领域的突破性进展.虽然目前这个新兴领域仍面临众多问题,但是通过结构与材料的设计与优化,有望在不久的将来逐步得到解决.我们相信这些新兴二维材料的应用将显著提高柔性能源器件的性能,并推动可穿戴电子产品在我们日常生活中的普及. | 刘津欣 曹慧 江贝 薛迎辉 付磊 | 2016 | Science China Materials2016，59，6： | 2 |
| 7 | Electronic structure and mechanical properties of layered compound YB_2C_2:A promising precursor for making two dimensional(2D) B_2C_2 nets显示文摘Layered compounds play pivotal roles as precursors for producing 2D materials through mechanical exfoliation(micro-mechanical cleavage) or chemical approaches. Therefore, searching for layered compounds with sharp anisotropic chemical bonding and properties becomes emergent. In this work, the stability, electronic structure, elastic properties, and lattice dynamics of YB_2C_2 were investigated. Strong anisotropy in elastic properties is revealed, i.e., high Young's modulus in a-b plane but low Young's modulus in c direction. The maximum to minimum Young's modulus ratio is 2.41 and 2.45 for YB_2C_2 with P42/mmc and P4/mbm symmetry, respectively. The most likely systems for shear sliding or microdelaminating are(001)[100] and(001)[010]. The anisotropic elastic properties are underpinned by the anisotropic chemical bonding, i.e., strong bonding within the B_2C_2 nets and weak bonding between Y atom layers and B_2C_2 nets. YB_2C_2 is electrically conductive and the contributions to the electrical conductivity are from delocalized Y 4de_g as well as B _2p_z and _ pzelectrons. The layered crystal structure, sharp anisotropic mechanical properties, and metallic conductivity endorse YB_2C_2 promising as a precursor for new 2D B_2C_2 nets. | Yanchun Zhou Huimin Xiang Xiaohui Wang Wei Sun Fu-Zhi Dai Zhihai Feng | 2017 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2017，33，9： | 2 |
| 8 | Local electrical charac terization of t wo-dimensional mat erials with functional atomic force microscopy显示文摘Research about two-dimensional (2D) materials is growing exponentially across various scientific and engineering disciplines due to the wealth of unusual physical phenomena that occur when charge transport is confined to a plane. The applications of 2D materials are highly affected by the electrical properties of these mat erials, including curren t dist ribution, surface pot ential, dielectric response, conductivity, perm计tivity, and piezoelectric response. Hence, it is very crucial to characterize these properties at the nanoscale. The Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM)-based techniques are powerful tools that can simultaneously characterize morphology and electrical properties of 2D materials with high spatial resolution, thus being more and more extensively used in this research field. Here, the principles of these AFM techniques are reviewed in detail. After that, their representative applications are further demonstrated in the local characterization of various 2D materials? elcctrical properties. | Sabir Hussain Kunqi Xu Shili Ye Le Lei Xinmeng Liu Rui Xu Liming Xie Zhihai Cheng | 2019 | Frontiers of physics2019，14，3： | 2 |
| 9 | Ultrafast direct laser writing of 2D materials for multifunctional photonics devices [Invited]显示文摘Recently,fundamental properties and practical applications of two-dimensional(2D)materials have attracted tremendous interest.Micro/nanostructures and functional devices in 2D materials have been fabricated by various methods.Ultrafast direct laser writing(DLW)with the advantages of rich light-matter interactions;unique three-dimensional processing capability;arbitrary-shape design flexibility;and minimized thermal effect,which enables high fabrication accuracy resolution,has been widely applied in the fabrication of 2D materials for multifunctional devices.This timely review summarizes the laser interactions with 2D materials and the advances in diverse functional photonics devices by DLW.The perspectives and challenges in designing and improving laser-fabricated 2D material photonic devices are also discussed. | 杨铁山 林瀚 贾宝华 | 2020 | Chinese Optics Letters2020，18，2： | 2 |
| 10 | Spintronics in Two-Dimensional Materials显示文摘Spintronics,exploiting the spin degree of electrons as the information vector,is an attractive field for implementing the beyond Complemetary metal-oxide-semiconductor(CMOS)devices.Recently,two-dimensional(2D)materials have been drawing tremendous attention in spintronics owing to their distinctive spin-dependent properties,such as the ultralong spin relaxation time of graphene and the spin-valley locking of transition metal dichalcogenides.Moreover,the related heterostructures provide an unprecedented probability of combining the di erent characteristics via proximity e ect,which could remedy the limitation of individual 2D materials.Hence,the proximity engineering has been growing extremely fast and has made significant achievements in the spin injection and manipulation.Nevertheless,there are still challenges toward practical application;for example,the mechanism of spin relaxation in 2D materials is unclear,and the high-effciency spin gating is not yet achieved.In this review,we focus on 2D materials and related heterostructures to systematically summarize the progress of the spin injection,transport,manipulation,and application for information storage and processing.We also highlight the current challenges and future perspectives on the studies of spintronic devices based on 2D materials. | Yanping Liu Cheng Zeng Jiahong Zhong Junnan Ding Zhiming MWang Zongwen Liu | 2020 | Nano-Micro Letters2020，12，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Electronic and mechanical responses of two-dimensional HfS2,HfSe2,ZrS2,and ZrSe2 from first-principles显示文摘During the last decade, numerous high-quality two-dimensional (2D) materials with semiconducting electronic character have been synthesized. Recent experimental study (Sci. Adv. 2017;3: el700481) nevertheless confirmed that 2D ZrSe2 and HfSe2 are among the best candidates to replace the silicon in nanoelectronics owing to their moderate band-gap. We accordingly conducted first-principles calculations to explore the mechanical and electronic responses of not only ZrSe2 and HfSe2, but also ZrS? and HfS? in their single-layer and free-standing form. We particularly studied the possibility of engineering of the electronic properties of these attractive 2D materials using the biaxial or uniaxial tensile loadings. The comprehensive insight provided concerning the intrinsic properties of HfS2, HfSe2, ZrS2, and ZrSc? can be usefiil for their future applications in nanodevices. | Mohammad SALAVATI | 2019 | Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering2019，13，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Atomically thin α-In2Se3: an emergent two-dimensional room temperature ferroelectric semiconductor显示文摘Room temperature ferroelectric thin films are the key element of high-density nonvolatile memories in modern electronics. However, with the further miniaturization of the electronic devices beyond the Moore’s law, conventional ferroelectrics suffer great challenge arising from the critical thickness effect, where the ferroelectricity is unstable if the film thickness is reduced to nanometer or single atomic layer limit. Two-dimensional(2D) materials, thanks to their stable layered structure, saturate interfacial chemistry, weak interlayer couplings, and the benefit of preparing stable ultra-thin film at 2D limit, are promising for exploring 2D ferroelectricity and related device applications. Therefore, it provides an effective approach to overcome the limitation in conventional ferroelectrics with the study of 2D ferroelectricity in van der Waals(vdW) materials. In this review article,we briefly introduce recent progresses on 2D ferroelectricity in layered vdW materials. We will highlight the study on atomically thin α-In2Se3, which is an emergent ferroelectric semiconductor with the coupled in-plane and out-of-plane ferroelectricity. Furthermore, two prototype ferroelectric devices based on ferroelectric α-In2Se3 will also be reviewed. | Yue Li Ming Gong Hualing Zeng | 2019 | Journal of Semiconductors2019，40，6： | 1 |
| 13 | “Cut-and-paste” method for the rapid prototyping of soft electronics显示文摘Unlike wafer-based rigid electronics, soft electronics have many unique advantages including thinness, flexibility, stretchability,conformability, lightweight, large area, as well as low cost. As a result, they have demonstrated many emerging capabilities in healthcare devices, soft robotics, and human-machine interface. Instead of conventional microfabrication, there is an evergrowing interest in the freeform or digital manufacture of soft electronics. This review provides a survey for a cost-and timeeffective subtractive manufacturing process called the 'cut-and-paste' method. It employs a mechanical cutter plotter to form patterns on various electronically functional membranes such as sheets of metals, functional polymers, and even two-dimensional(2D) materials, supported by a temporary tape. The patterned membranes can then be pasted on soft substrates such as medical tapes or even human skin. This process is completely dry and desktop. It does not involve any rigid wafers and is hence capable of making large-area electronics. The process can be repeated to integrate multiple materials on a single substrate.Integrated circuits(ICs) and rigid components can be added through a 'cut-solder-paste' process. Multilayer devices can also be fabricated through lamination. We therefore advocate that the 'cut-and-paste' method is a very versatile approach for the rapid prototyping of soft electronics for various applications. | YANG XiangXing HUANG YiFu DAI ZhaoHe BARBER Jamie WANG PuLin LU NanShu | 2019 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2019，62，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Large magnetocaloric effect in van der Waals crystal CrBr3显示文摘We study the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) in van der Waals (vdW) crystal CrBr3.Bulk CrBr3 exhibits a second-order paramagnetic-ferromagnetic phase transition with TC =33 K.The maximum magnetic entropy change-△SM near TC is about 7.2 J.kg-1.K-1 with the maximum adiabatic temperature change △Tadmax =2.37 K and the relative cooling power RCP =191.5 J.kg-1 at μoH =5 T,all of which are remarkably larger than those in CrI3.These results suggest that the vdW crystal CrBr3 is a promising candidate for the low-dimensional magnetic refrigeration in low temperature region. | Xiaoyun Yu Xiao Zhang Qi Shi Shangjie Tian Hechang Lei Kun Xu Hideo Hosono | 2019 | Frontiers of physics2019，14，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Ⅲ–Ⅴ compounds as single photon emitters显示文摘Single-photon emitters (SPEs) are one of the key components in quantum information applications. The ideal SPEs emit a single photon or a photon-pair on demand, with high purity and distinguishability. SPEs can also be integrated in photonic circuits for scalable quantum communication and quantum computer systems. Quantum dots made from Ⅲ-Ⅴ compounds such as InGaAs or GaN have been found to be particularly attractive SPE sources due to their well studied optical performance and state of the art industrial flexibility in fabrication and integration. Here, we review the optical and optoelectronic properties and growth methods of general SPEs. Subsequently, a brief summary of the latest advantages in Ⅲ-Ⅴ compound SPEs and the research progress achieved in the past few years will be discussed. We finally describe frontier challenges and conclude with the latest SPE fabrication science and technology that can open new possibilities for quantum information applications. | Xu Wang Lei Xu Yun Jiang Zhouyang Yin Christopher C. S. Chan Chaoyong Deng Robert A. Taylor | 2019 | Journal of Semiconductors2019，40，7： | 0 |
| 16 | The Blossoming of 2D Materials显示文摘The vehement explosion in two-dimensional (2D) materials has led to one exciting new discoveries after another for the past 15 years. This circumstance resembles a famous movie “The Gold Rush”(1925) expressed the true story about the stream of American people as crowded as the hurricane to join the gold racing in the 19th century. Similarly, the family of 2D materials has gained tremendous interest from broad scientific community in various fields, from fundamental chemistry and physics to materials and device engineering. This special issue includes both tutorial reviews and original research articles, providing general overviews of the recent progresses and bringing about the newest discoveries in this rapidly evolving field. | DUAN Xiangfeng XU Yang | 2019 | 物理化学学报2019，35，10： | 0 |
| 17 | Reducing the power consumption of two-dimensional logic transistors显示文摘The growing demand for high-performance logic transistors has driven the exponential rise in chip integration,while the transistors have been rapidly scaling down to sub-10 nm.The increasing leakage current and subthreshold slope(SS) induced by short channel effect(SCE) result in extra heat dissipation during device operation.The performance of electronic devices based on two-dimensional(2D) semiconductors such as the transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDC) can significantly reduce power consumption,benefiting from atomically thin thickness.Here,we discuss the progress of dielectric integration of 2D metal–oxide–semiconductor field effect transistors(MOSFETs) and 2D negative capacitance field effect transistors(NCFETs),outlining their potential in low-power applications as a technological option beyond scaled logic switches.Above all,we show our perspective at 2D low-power logic transistors,including the ultra-thin equivalent oxide thickness(EOT),reducing density of interface trap,reliability,operation speed etc.of 2D MOSFETs and NCFETs. | Weisheng Li Hongkai Ning Zhihao Yu Yi Shi Xinran Wang | 2019 | Journal of Semiconductors2019，40，9： | 0 |
| 18 | Algorithm-improved high-speed and non-invasive confocal Raman imaging of 2D materials显示文摘Confocal Raman microscopy is important for characterizing 2D materials,but its low throughput significantly hinders its applications.For metastable materials such as graphene oxide(GO),the low throughput is aggravated by the requirement of extremely low laser dose to avoid sample damage.Here we introduce algorithm-improved confocal Raman microscopy(ai-CRM),which increases the Raman scanning rate by one to two orders of magnitude with respect to state-of-the-art works for a variety of 2D materials.Meanwhile,GO can be imaged at a laser dose that is two to three orders of magnitude lower than previously reported,such that laser-induced variations of the material properties can be avoided.ai-CRM also enables fast and spatially resolved quantitative analysis,and is readily extended to 3D mapping of composite materials.Since ai-CRM is based on general mathematical principles,it is cost-effective,facile to implement and universally applicable to other hyperspectral imaging methods. | Sachin Nair Jun Gao Qirong Yao Michael H.G.Duits Cees Otto Frieder Mugele | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，3： | 0 |
| 19 | 五边形石墨烯:碳材料的拓广与数学模型的实现显示文摘1900年德国著名数学家希尔伯特(David Hilbert)在巴黎数学家大会上提出了"希尔伯特23个问题",其中第18个问题就是"如何用多面体构造空间".在此基础上,1928年莱茵哈特(Karl Reinhardt)提出了如何用五边形密铺二维空间的问题.在几何学上,五边形具有无与伦比的美学特征,正五边形中,次近邻顶点之间连线的交点恰为"黄金分割点".晶体中不存在五重旋转对称性,这是早已被证明并写入固体物理学教材中的定理,因此, | 王前 | 2016 | 科学通报2016，61，16： | 0 |
| 20 | Two-dimensional ferromagnetic materials and related van der Waals heterostructures: a first-principle study显示文摘Since the successful fabrication of two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic (FM) monolayer CrI3 and Cr2Ge2Te6, 2D FM materials are becoming an exciting research topic in condensed matter physics and materials fields, as they provide a good platform to explore the fundamental physical properties of magnetic materials under 2D limit. In this review, we summarize the theoretical research progress of intrinsic 2D FM materials and related van der Waals heterostructures (vdWHs) including their electronic structures, magnetism, Curie temperature, valley polarization, and band alignment. Moreover, we also summarize recent researches on the methods that used to regulate the above properties of 2D FM materials and vdWHs, such as defects, doping, strain, electric field and interlayer coupling. These studies show that 2D FM materials have broad application prospects in spintronics and valleytronics. However, there are still many problems waiting to be solved on the way to practical application. | Baoxing Zhai Juan Du Xueping Li Congxin Xia Zhongming Wei | 2019 | Journal of Semiconductors2019，40，8： | 0 |
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