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| 1 | Progress in additive manufacturing on new materials: A review显示文摘Recent efforts and advances in additive manufacturing(AM) on different types of new materials are presented and reviewed. Special attention is paid to the material design of cladding layers, the choice of feedstock materials, the metallurgical behavior and synthesis principle during the AM process, and the resulted microstructures and properties, as well as the relationship between these factors. Thereafter,the trend of development in the future is forecasted, including: Effects of the particles size and size distribution of powders; Approaches for producing fine microstructures; Opportunities for creating new materials by AM; Wide applications in reconditioning of damaged components; Challenges for deep understanding and applications of the AMed new materials. The idea of 'Develop Materials' or 'Create Materials' by AM is highlighted, but a series of scientific, technological and engineering problems remain to be solved in future. | Neng Li Shuai Huang Guodong Zhang Renyao Qin Wei Liu Huaping Xiong Gongqi Shi Jon Blackburn | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，2： | 47 |
| 2 | Mechanism of chain propagation for the synthesis of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers显示文摘Polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers(PODE)were synthesized from the reaction of paraformaldehyde with dimethoxymethane(DMM)over different acid catalysts at different conditions.Products were found to follow the Schulz-Flory distribution law.The chain propagation proceeds through the insertion of an individual segment of CH2O one by one,while the simultaneous insertion of a few CH2O segments or their assembly is unlikely.Due to the restriction of this law,it is difficult to increase the selectivity to the desired products(e.g.,PODE3 4). | Yupei Zhao Zheng Xu Hui Chen Yuchuan Fu Jianyi Shen | 2013 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2013，22，6： | 36 |
| 3 | Perspective and Prospects for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets显示文摘Rare earth permanent magnets constitute a mature technology,but the shock of the 2011 rare earth crisis led to the re-evaluation of many ideas from the 1980s and 1990s about possible new hard magnets containing little or no rare earth(or heavy rare earth).Nd-Fe-B magnets have been painstakingly and skillfully optimized for a wide range of applications in which high performance is required at reasonable cost.Sm-Co is the material of choice when high-temperature stability is required,and Sm-Fe-N magnets are making their way into some niche applications.The scope for improvement in these basic materials by substitution has been rather thoroughly explored,and the effects of processing techniques on the microstructure and hysteresis are largely understood.A big idea from a generation ago-which held real potential to raise the record energy product significantly-was the oriented exchange-spring hard/soft nanocomposite magnet;however,it has proved very difficult to realize.Nevertheless,the field has evolved,and innovation has flourished in other areas.For example,electrical personal transport has progressed from millions of electric bicycles to the point where cars and trucks with electrical drives are becoming mainstream,and looks ready to bring the dominance of the internal combustion engine to an end.As the limitations of particular permanent magnets become clearer,ingenuity and imagination are being used to design around them,and to exploit the available mix of rare earth resources most efficiently.Huge new markets in robotics beckon,and the opportunities offered by additive manufacturing are just beginning to be explored.New methods of increasing magnet stability at elevated temperature are being developed,and integrated multifunctionality of hard magnets with other useful properties is now envisaged.These themes are elaborated here,with various examples. | J.M.D.Coey | 2020 | Engineering2020，6，2： | 31 |
| 4 | Cold metal transfer(CMT) technology-An overview显示文摘Cold Metal Transfer technology has revolutionized the welding of dissimilar metals and thicker materials by producing improved weld bead aesthetics with controlled metal deposition and low heat-input. In this study, the process, weld combinations, laser-CMT hybrid welding and applications of CMT welding are critically reviewed. Microstructure and other weld characteristics have been discussed at length for various base metal combinations. Particularly, the welding of aluminium and steel with better results has been possible with CMT Welding. The results reviewed in this article indicate that the CMT-Laser hybrid welding is more preferable to Laser or Laser hybrid welding. CMT welding has found applications in automobile industries, defence sectors and power plants as a method of additive manufacturing. | S.Selvi A.Vishvaksenan E.Rajasekar | 2018 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2018，14，1： | 22 |
| 5 | 中草药添加剂对荷斯坦奶牛产奶量及抗热应激能力的影响(英文)显示文摘[Objective] The research aimed to explore the effects of Chinese herb additive on milk yield and anti-heat stress ability of Holstein cow.[Method] 36 Holstein cows with similar birth order and milk yield were equally and randomly divided into 3 groups which were control group, Chinese medicine Ⅰ group and Chinese medicine Ⅱ group. In control group, cows were fed with basic feed, while in Chinese medicine Ⅰ group, cows were fed with basic feed containing 4% compound Chinese herb additive and in Chinese medicine Ⅱ group, cows were fed with basic feed containing 3% compound Chinese herb additive.All cows in the 3 groups were analyzed comparatively.[Result] Adding some compound Chinese herb additive into basic feed would increase milk yield and anti-heat stress ability of Holstein cow,besides,it also could decrease cow diseases such as cow mastitis.Chinese medicine Ⅰ would generate the highest economic benefit of practical production.[Conclusion] Adding Chinese herb additive into basic feed is an effective way for reliefing heat stress and increasing milk yield. | 赵政 陈学文 李仕坚 | 2008 | Agricultural Science & Technology2008，9，3： | 21 |
| 6 | Unscented Kalman filtering in the additive noise case显示文摘The unscented Kalman filter(UKF) has four implementations in the additive noise case,according to whether the state is augmented with noise vectors and whether a new set of sigma points is redrawn from the predicted state(which is so-called resampling) for the observation prediction.This paper concerns the differences of performances for those implementations,such as accuracy,adaptability,computational complexity,etc.The conditionally equivalent relationships between the augmented and non-augmented unscented transforms(UTs) are proved for several sampling strategies that are commonly used.Then,we find that the augmented and non-augmented UKFs have the same filter results with the additive measurement noise,but only have the same state predictions with the additive process noise.Resampling is not believed to be necessary in some researches.However,we find out that resampling can be helpful for an adaptive Kalman gain.This will improve the convergence and accuracy of the filter when the large scale state modeling bias or unknown maneuvers occur.Finally,some universal designing principles for a practical UKF are given as follows:1) for the additive observation noise case,it's better to use the non-augmented UKF;2) for the additive process noise case,when the small state modeling bias or maneuvers are involved,the non-resampling algorithms with state whether augmented or not are candidates for filters;3) the resampling and non-augmented algorithm is the only choice while the large state modeling bias or maneuvers are latent. | LIU Ye1,YU AnXi1,ZHU JuBo2 & LIANG DianNong1 1 College of Electronic Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China 2 Science College,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，4： | 18 |
| 7 | Chinese herb feed additives improved the growth performance, meat quality, and nutrient digestibility parameters of pigs显示文摘Background:Since the use of antibiotics in animal feed has become a critical concern worldwide due to severe threats to human health and environment,we are in need of finding alternatives to antibiotics in pig breeding,maintaining the health of pigs,and getting high-quality pork.As traditional Chinese herbs(TCH)are rich natural resources in China and show great benefits to human health we propose to transfer this abundant resource into animal production industry as additives.Methods:Three groups of Chinese herbs(groups A,B,and C)were used as feed additives in the diet for pigs.In total 32 pigs were arranged in four groups(groups A,B,C,and control group,NC),fed in the same facility,eight pigs(one group)in each colony,free drinking,for 120 days.The feed:gain ratio(F/G),meat quality,total protein,and amino acid concentration of muscle were checked in the experiments.Results:After 120 days of feeding,the feed:gain ratio(F/G)of pigs in groups A,B,and C was decreased 17.56%,9.31%,and 13.86%compared with NC treatment,respectively.The diets supplemented with Chinese herbs improved meat quality,increased loin eye area(especially group A and C showed significant difference,P<.001),the total protein(increased ratio vs NC was A=4.54%,B=0.38%and C=3.53%),amino acid concentration of muscle,increased the villus height:crypt depth ratio,and induced positive effects on serum biochemical parameters and immune function(serum TC and TG concentrations were significantly lower than those in the NC group,P<.05.).Conclusions:The use of Chinese herbal feed additives can reduce the cost of pig breeding and produce high-quality pock.The combination of these effects would contribute to better absorption ability of the intestinal tract and yield a better growth performance. | Zhong-ning Lin Li Ye Zhen-wu Li Xiu-sheng Huang Zheng Lu You-quan Yang Huan-wei Xing Jie-ying Bai Zhao-yang Ying | 2020 | Animal Models and Experimental Medicine2020，3，1： | 17 |
| 8 | Fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V cellular structures fabricated by additive manufacturing technique显示文摘Porous titanium and its alloys have been considered as promising replacement for dense implants, as they possess low elastic modulus comparable to that of compact human bones and are capable of providing space for in-growth of bony tissues to achieve a better fixation. Recently, the additive manufacturing(AM) method has been successfully applied to the fabrication of Ti-6 Al-4 V cellular meshes and foams.Comparing to traditional fabrication methods, the AM method offers advantages of accurate control of complex cell shapes and internal pore architectures, thus attracting extensive attention. Considering the long-term safety in the human body, the metallic cellular structures should possess high fatigue strength.In this paper, the recent progress on the fatigue properties of Ti-6 Al-4 V cellular structures fabricated by the AM technique is reviewed. The various design factors including cell shapes, surface properties, post treatments and graded porosity distribution affecting the fatigue properties of additive manufactured Ti-6 Al-4 V cellular structures were introduced and future development trends were also discussed. | Dechun Ren Shujun Li Hao Wang Wentao Hou Yulin Hao Wei Jin Rui Yang R.Devesh K.Misra Lawrence E.Murr | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，2： | 15 |
| 9 | METHANE STORAGE VIA HYDRATE FORMATION USING CALCIUM HYPOCHLORITE AS ADDITIVE显示文摘 | 郭彦坤 樊栓狮 郭开华 石磊 陈勇 | 2002 | 化工学报2002，53，5： | 12 |
| 10 | 3DPMD-Arc-based additive manufacturing with titanium powder as raw material显示文摘The study aims to demonstrate the suitability of the 3DPMD for the production of titanium components with and without reinforcing particles in layer-by-layer design. Various demonstrators are prepared and analyzed. The microstructure, the porosity and the hardness values of the different structures are compared with each other through metallographic cross-sections. The uniform distribution of the carbides and the interaction with the matrix was analyzed by SEM and EDX.The miller-test method(ASTM G75-07) was used to determine data for the relative abrasivity of the structures. In summary, 3DPMD offers the possibility to produce titanium structures with and without reinforced particles. Using automated routines, it is possible to generate metal structures using welding robots directly from the CAD drawings. Microstructures and properties are directly related to the process and therefore material-process-property relationships are discussed within this work. | Hoefer Kevin Mayr Peter | 2019 | China Welding2019，28，1： | 12 |
| 11 | Testing Serial Correlation in Partially Linear Additive Models显示文摘As an extension of partially linear models and additive models, partially linear additive model is useful in statistical modelling. This paper proposes an empirical likelihood based approach for testing serial correlation in this semiparametric model. The proposed test method can test not only zero first-order serial correlation, but also higher-order serial correlation. Under the null hypothesis of no serial correlation, the test statistic is shown to follow asymptotically a chi-square distribution. Furthermore, a simulation study is conducted to illustrate the performance of the proposed method. | Jin YANG Chuan-hua WEI | 2019 | Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica2019，35，2： | 12 |
| 12 | Applying Neural-Network-Based Machine Learning to Additive Manufacturing:Current Applications,Challenges,and Future Perspectives显示文摘Additive manufacturing(AM),also known as three-dimensional printing,is gaining increasing attention from academia and industry due to the unique advantages it has in comparison with traditional subtractive manufacturing.However,AM processing parameters are difficult to tune,since they can exert a huge impact on the printed microstructure and on the performance of the subsequent products.It is a difficult task to build a process-structure-property-performance(PSPP)relationship for AM using traditional numerical and analytical models.Today,the machine learning(ML)method has been demonstrated to be a valid way to perform complex pattern recognition and regression analysis without an explicit need to construct and solve the underlying physical models.Among ML algorithms,the neural network(NN)is the most widely used model due to the large dataset that is currently available,strong computational power,and sophisticated algorithm architecture.This paper overviews the progress of applying the NN algorithm to several aspects of the AM whole chain,including model design,in situ monitoring,and quality evaluation.Current challenges in applying NNs to AM and potential solutions for these problems are then outlined.Finally,future trends are proposed in order to provide an overall discussion of this interdisciplinary area. | Xinbo Qi Guofeng Chen Yong Li Xuan Cheng Changpeng Li | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，4： | 11 |
| 13 | Polymethylmethacrylate bone cements and additives: A review of the literature显示文摘Polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) bone cement technology has progressed from industrial Plexiglass administration in the 1950 s to the recent advent of nanoparticle additives. Additives have been trialed to address problems with modern bone cements such as the loosening of prosthesis, high post-operative infection rates, and inflammatory reduction in interface integrity. This review aims to assess current additives used in PMMA bone cements and offer an insight regarding future directions for this biomaterial. Low index(< 15%) vitamin E and low index(< 5 g) antibiotic impregnated additives significantly address infection and inflammatory problems, with only modest reductions in mechanical strength. Chitosan(15% w/w PMMA) and silver(1% w/w PMMA) nanoparticles have strong antibacterial activity with no significant reduction in mechanical strength. Future work on PMMA bone cements should focus on trialing combinations of these additives as this may enhance favourable properties. | Manit Arora Edward KS Chan Sunil Gupta Ashish D Diwan | 2013 | World Journal of Orthopedics2013，4，2： | 10 |
| 14 | Choice for graphene as conductive additive for cathode of lithium-ion batteries显示文摘Graphene is a promising conductive additive for the lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) and shows great potential especially with its fast development of the large scale fabrication technology. This work has explored the influence of the incorporation of graphenes prepared by three typical methods on the electrochemical performance of the LiCoO_2-based cathode focusing on the choice for the effective graphene as conductive additive for the cathode of LIBs. Through the comparison of the intrinsic characteristics of graphenes and the electrochemical performance of electrodes with graphene, it is found that graphene with low disorder degree and large size is not suitable for LiCoO_2 cathodes as conductive additive. Conversely, the graphene with oxygen functional groups, relatively low surface area and proper size displays much better electrochemical performance when it is used as conductive additive. This work also demonstrates the transmission mechanism for different graphenes as conductive additives in the LiCoO_2 materials, and further reveals that the conductivity of graphene is not the only factor as conductive additives, surface chemistry and sheet size of the graphene are also essential factors which greatly influence the electrochemical performance of electrode. In addition, when combined with Super P, only 1% graphene is enough to construct an efficient conductive network in the electrode. This study also gives a new sight on the practical application of graphene as conductive additive for high performance LIBs. | Ying Shi Lei Wen Songfeng Pei Minjie Wu Feng Li | 2019 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2019，28，3： | 10 |
| 15 | Development of Micro Selective Laser Melting:The State of the Art and Future Perspectives显示文摘Additive manufacturing(AM)is gaining traction in the manufacturing industry for the fabrication of components with complex geometries using a variety of materials.Selective laser melting(SLM)is a common AM technique that is based on powder-bed fusion(PBF)to process metals;however,it is currently focused only on the fabrication of macroscale and mesoscale components.This paper reviews the state of the art of the SLM of metallic materials at the microscale level.In comparison with the direct writing techniques that are commonly used for micro AM,micro SLM is attractive due to a number of factors,including a faster cycle time,process simplicity,and material versatility.A comprehensive evaluation of various research works and commercial systems for the fabrication of microscale parts using SLM and selective laser sintering(SLS)is conducted.In addition to identifying existing issues with SLM at the microscale,which include powder recoating,laser optics,and powder particle size,this paper details potential future directions.A detailed review of existing recoating methods in powder-bed techniques is conducted,along with a description of emerging efforts to implement dry powder dispensing methods in the AM domain.A number of secondary finishing techniques for AM components are reviewed,with a focus on implementation for microscale features and integration with micro SLM systems. | Balasubramanian Nagarajan Zhiheng Hu Xu Song Wei Zhai Jun Wei | 2019 | Engineering2019，5，4： | 9 |
| 16 | Application of Cellulose Nanofibril as a Wet-end Additive in Papermaking:A Brief Review显示文摘Recently,cellulose nanofibril(CNF)has emerged as a promising,sustainable reinforcement with outstanding potential in material science.Owing to the properties of CNF,it has been explored in food,cosmetic,and pharmaceutical applications,as well as in industrial applications such as paints,drill muds,packaging,and papermaking.The application of CNF in papermaking is expected to be implemented in the near future to broaden the commercial market of cellulose.Numerous studies and patents have reported on the manufacturing,properties,and applications of nanocellulose.This present paper focuses on the recent progresses in the application of CNF as a wet-end additive in papermaking. | Guihua Yang Guangrui Ma Ming He Xinxiang Ji Hye Jung Youn Hak Lae Lee Jiachuan Chen | 2020 | Paper And Biomaterials2020，5，2： | 9 |
| 17 | Laser additive manufacturing of Zn porous scaffolds: Shielding gas flow, surface quality and densification显示文摘Zn based metals have exhibited promising prospects as a structural material for biodegradable applications. Pure Zn porous scaffolds were produced by laser powder bed fusion(LPBF) based on data files of designing and CT scanning. Massive Zn evaporation during laser melting largely influenced the formation quality during LPBF of Zn metal. The metal vapor in processing chamber was blown off and suctioned out efficiently by an optimized gas circulation system. Numerical analysis was used to design and testify the performance of gas flow. The surface of scaffolds was covered with numerous particles in different sizes. Processing pores occurred near the outline contour of struts. The average grain size in width was8.5m, and the hardness was 43.8 HV. Chemical plus electrochemical polishing obtained uniform and smooth surface without processing pores, but the diameter of struts reduced to 250 αm from the design value 300 m. The poor surface quality and processing pores were resulted by the splashing particles included spatters and powders due to the recoil force of evaporation, and the horizontal movement of liquid metal due to overheating and wetting. The insufficient melting at the outline contour combined with good wetting of Zn liquid metal further increased the surface roughness and processing pores. | Peng Wen Yu Qin Yanzhe Chen Maximilian Voshage Lucas Jauer Reinhart Poprawe Johannes Henrich Schleifenbaum | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，2： | 9 |
| 18 | 3D打印开源硬件许可问题探讨显示文摘引言 3D打印,亦称“增材制造”( additive manufacturing ),是制造业领域正在迅速发展的一项新兴技术,被誉为“具有工业革命意义的制造技术”[1]22。开源硬件②( open source hardware )是以类似于开源软件③( open source soft-ware)的方式设计的硬件,其作用在于鼓励硬件的源代码(即产品设计文件)由硬件设计者、制造者和消费者组成的共享社区内开放分享。从3D打印产业的发展现状来看,正是有了3D 打印设备中的开源硬件( open source hardware),才使得3D打印机的成本大幅降低,使其从昂贵的、复杂的工业化用途向易于操作、成本低廉的大众化、个性化消费发展[1]27-28。开源硬件许可证是以著作权为基础,构建具有法律约束力的许可协议,并通过许可协议约定源代码的许可方式以及复制、改编行为的界限,规制源代码共享社区中的许可行为和侵权行为。相比开源软件取得的巨大成功,开源硬件仍然裹足不前,缺乏有效和可强制执行的著作权许可协议制约其发展。3D打印技术的出现,为解决开源硬件的这一问题提供了契机。本文拟分析3D打印开源硬件许可证的著作权基础,并探讨3D打印开源硬件的许可方式。 | 郑友德 魏光禧 | 2014 | 华中科技大学学报(社会科学版)2014，28，5： | 8 |
| 19 | Cross section scan trace planning based on arc additive manufacturing显示文摘In the context of additive manufacturing processes,the influence of specimen deformation from different welding paths is conducted by using CMT-AM.A least-squares method was used to quantitatively measure specimen deformation.The values of S(i.e.,the sum of the distance from each feature point in a plane to the ideal plane)from different welding paths had significant influence on deformation of deposited layer.With the value of S increasing,the deformation of deposited layer gradually increased.With this result,a suitable welding trace plan was ascertained,which was successfully used to acquire well-formed and densely organized specimens during the arc-welding additive manufacturing process.Our results provide a foundation for experiments based on deposited layer scanning trace planning. | 孙清洁 桑海波 刘一博 冯吉才 | 2019 | China Welding2019，28，4： | 8 |
| 20 | Phase-field modeling of grain evolutions in additive manufacturing from nucleation,growth,to coarsening显示文摘A three-dimensional phase-field model is developed to simulate grain evolutions during powder-bed-fusion(PBF)additive manufacturing,while the physically-informed temperature profile is implemented from a thermal-fluid flow model.The phase-field model incorporates a nucleation model based on classical nucleation theory,as well as the initial grain structures of powder particles and substrate.The grain evolutions during the three-layer three-track PBF process are comprehensively reproduced,including grain nucleation and growth in molten pools,epitaxial growth from powder particles,substrate and previous tracks,grain re-melting and re-growth in overlapping zones,and grain coarsening in heat-affected zones.A validation experiment has been carried out,showing that the simulation results are consistent with the experimental results in the molten pool and grain morphologies.Furthermore,the grain refinement by adding nanoparticles is preliminarily reproduced and compared against the experimental result in literature. | Min Yang Lu Wang Wentao Yan | 2021 | npj Computational Materials2021，，1： | 8 |
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