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| 1 | 西方现代教学理念与策略之剖析显示文摘当代西方教育理念的发展趋势已转入以建构主义学习理论为指导,以学生为中心,以问题为基础的学习(Problem-basedlearning,PBL)、个案学习(Casestudy)、概念图形成(Conceptmapping)、团队工作(Teamwork)及网络学习(e-learning),是国际上流行的几种发展学生自主性学习、主动学习、个性化学习的教学策略与方法,有效学习评估体系特别是过程性评估是实施高等教育改革的必要保证。 | 陈萍 臧伟进 | 2005 | 中国高等医学教育2005，，3： | 118 |
| 2 | 软件复用与软件构件技术显示文摘软件复用是在软件开发中避免重复劳动的解决方案.通过软件复用,可以提高软件开发的效率和质量.近十几年来,面向对象技术出现并逐步成为主流技术,为软件复用提供了基本的技术支持.软件复用研究重新成为热点,被视为解决软件危机,提高软件生产效率和质量的现实可行的途径.它通常可分为产品复用和过程复用两条途径.基于构件的复用是产品复用的主要形式,也是当前复用研究的焦点.同时,在分布对象研究领域,软件构件技术也是一个重要内容.当前软件构件技术被视为实现成功复用的关键因素之一.软件复用技术的广泛应用将促进软件产业的变革,使其重组分工,软件构件生产必将成为独立的行业而存在.这种变革对我国软件产业的发展将是一个很好的机遇.本文将对软件复用技术的发展作一全面综述,介绍软件复用的基本概念及关键技术,同时介绍国内外在软件复用方面的成功的研究和实践活动,包括我国政府支持的国家重点科技攻关项目青鸟工程,并对我国如何加强相关技术研究和应用,推动软件产业发展提出一些思路. | 杨芙清 梅宏 李克勤 | 1999 | 电子学报1999，27，2： | 512 |
| 3 | Helicobacter pylori infection and risk of gastric cancer in Changle County,Fujian Province,China显示文摘AIM To evaluate the effects of Helicobacterpylori infection and other environmental factorson the development of gastric cancer.METHODS A population-based case-controlstudy was conducted in Changle County,FujianProvince.The primary gastric cancer cases werehistologically confirmed or diagnosed by surgerybetween,January 1996 and March 1998.Healthycontrols were randomly selected and matched byage,sex,and neighborhood of residence.Atotal of 101 pairs were included in the study.Specially trained interviewers conducted face-to-face interviews with the subjects according toa standardized questionnaire.Helicobacterpylori infections were measured by serum IgGantibody to Helicobacter pylori.ConditionalLogistic Regression analysis was used.RESULTS The presence of IgG antibody toHelicobacter pylori was 63.7% in studysubjects,56.0% in patients with cardiac cancer,and 60.5% in patients with non-cardiac gastriccancer.The risk factors of gastric cancer inChangle County were identified such as loweducational level[OR=3.864;95% confidenceinterval(95% CI)1.604-9.311],lowconsumption of fresh vegetables(OR=4.925;95%Cl 1.356-17.885),high intake of fish sauce(OR=10.587;95% Cl 2.821-39.738),unscheduled meals(OR=4.254;95%Cl 1.445- 12.552),and Helicobacter pylori infection(OR=3.453;95%Cl 0.901-13.224).CONCLUSION Helicobacter pylori infectionmay be important in the etiology of gastriccancer,but major risk factors other thanHelicobacter pylori are responsible for the highgastric morbidity in Changle County. | Lin Cai Shun Zhang Yu Zuo Feng Zhang | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，3： | 74 |
| 4 | 基于Geodatabase模型的空间数据库设计方法显示文摘近年来,利用空间数据库存储和管理空间数据,成为GIS领域研究的热点问题,其关键是空间数据库的设计。针对这方面研究相对较少的现状,作者以Geodatabase空间数据库设计为例,对空间数据库设计过程中所涉及到的关键技术和疑难问题进行了论述,提出了分析数据、选择模型、划分实体、确定关联、映射转换等设计步骤中需要遵循的设计原则,强调了CASE工具与UML建模在空间数据库设计中的重要作用。 | 罗智勇 刘湘南 | 2004 | 地球信息科学2004，6，4： | 45 |
| 5 | 软件体系结构、应用平台及框架仓库技术显示文摘应用平台是新近提出的一种中间件(middleware)技术,其主旨是为应用提供更强大的支持(如提高质量、增加复用、提高生产率、降低维护)。最近几年兴起的软件体系结构研究已为应用平台的研究开发打下了必要的技术基础。CASE集成工具与环境是应用平台的物理支撑,框架仓库和面向对象组织是应用平台的集成保证。应用平台不仅是新兴的技术和概念,而且具有很大的现实意义和极广阔的应用前景。本文对应用平台和应用平台的关键支撑技术及有关概念(包括:应用平台、软件体系结构和框架仓库等)进行综述,并给出作者的观点。 | 车敦仁 周立柱 蒋维杜 | 1996 | 计算机研究与发展1996，33，7： | 25 |
| 6 | 基于Safety case和PDCA的尾矿库安全保障体系显示文摘运用系统分析方法,将矿山尾矿库生命周期过程划分为设计、建设、运行、闭库等四个阶段,提取了各个阶段的风险及安全事故影响因素,对其进行了描述和分类,包括技术、环境、人因、法规等因素;对于尾矿库生命周期过程的每一个阶段,分别运用PDCA模式的计划、实施、检查、处理等环节改进方法,研究与尾矿库生命周期各个阶段和PDCA各个环节之交集相对应的Safetycase的结构及要素,构建尾矿库及其各个阶段的Safety case框架,给出了尾矿库及其各个阶段的安全合规、隐患识别、风险评价、事故防控、库灾应急及缓解、审核及报告等问题的解决方案,形成了一种基于Safety case和PDCA方法的矿山尾矿库安全保障体系. | 李仲学 曹志国 赵怡晴 | 2010 | 系统工程理论与实践2010，30，5： | 25 |
| 7 | Glutathione S-transferases M1,T1 genotypes and the risk of gastric cancer:A case-control study显示文摘AIM Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs are involved in the detoxification of many potential carcinogens and appear to play a critical role in the protection from the effects of carcinogens. The contribution of glutathione Stransferases M1 and T1 genotypes to susceptibility to the risk of gastric cancer and their interaction with cigarette smoking are still unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether there was any relationship between genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1 and gastric cancer.METHODS A population based case - control study was carried out in a high-risk area, Changle County, Fujian Province, China. The epidemiological data were collected by a standard questionnaire and blood samples were obtained from 95 incidence gastric cancer cases and 94 healthy controls. A polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect the presence or absence of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes in genomic DNA. Logistic regression model was employed in the data analysis.RESULTS An increase in risk for gastric cancer was found among carriers of GSTM1 null genotype. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 2.63 [95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) 1.17-5.88], after controlling for age,gender, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, and fish sauce intake. The frequency of GSTT1 null genotype in cancer cases (43.16%) was not significantly different from that in controls (50.00%). However, the risk for gastric cancer in those with GSTM1 null and GSTT1 nonnull genotype was significantly higher than in those with both GSTM1 and GSTT1 non-null genotype (OR = 2.77,95% Cl 1.15- 6.77). Compared with those subjects who never smoked and had normal GSTM1 genotype, Ors were 1.60 (95% CI: 0.62- 4.19) for never smokers with GSTM1 null type, 2.33 (95% CI 0.88- 6.28) for smokers with normal GSTM1, and 8.06 (95% CI 2.83- 23.67) for smokers with GSTM1 null type.CONCLUSIONS GSTM1 gene polymorphisms may be associated with genetic susceptibility of stomach cancer and may modulate tobacco-related carcinogenesis of gastric cancer. | Lin Cai Shun-Zhang Yu Zuo-Feng Zhang Department of Epidemiology.Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350004,Fujian Province,ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology,Shanghai Medical University,Shanghai 200032,China Department of Epidemiology,UCLA School of Public Health,Los Angeles California,USA | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，4： | 22 |
| 8 | 哈佛大学案例教学透视显示文摘笔者有幸去到哈佛大学商学院,参与其举办的"案例教学及参与者主导教学研讨班(Program case method and participant-centered learning)"。该研讨班是哈佛大学商学院专为包括中国在内的亚洲部分国家和地区的大学商学院举办的,目的一方面在于推介其案例教学和以学生为主导的教学方法,另一方面通过该研讨班加强与亚洲, | 漆江娜 | 2009 | 财会学习2009，，5： | 21 |
| 9 | Deformation characteristics and safety assessment of a high-speed railway induced by undercutting metro tunnel excavation显示文摘Stratum deformation(settlement) is a challenging issue in tunnel engineering, especially when construction of metro tunnels has to undercut high-speed railway. For this purpose, we used the FLAC30 software to analyze the stratum settlement characteristics of high-speed railway at different crossing angles intersected by metro tunnel, in terms of ground settlement trough, stratum slip line and irregularity of ballastless tracks. According to the evolution of the stratum settlement at different angle regions, an optimized angle is proposed for the actual project design. In order to reduce the influence of stratum settlement on the safety of high-speed railway, an approach of safety assessment is proposed for the shield engineering undercutting high-speed railway, as per Chinese specifications using numerical results and on-site conditions. A case study is conducted for the shield tunnel section crossing the Wuhan-Guangzhou High-speed Railway between the Guangzhou North Railway Station and the Huacheng Road Station, which represents the first metro tunnel project passing below a high-speed railway in China. A series of measures is taken to ensure the safe excavation of the shield tunnel and the operation of the high-speed railway. The results can provide a technical support for performing a safety evaluation between high-speed railways and metro tunnels. | Wangping Qian Taiyue Qi Yunjian Zhao Yizhou Le Haiyang Yi | 2019 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2019，11，1： | 18 |
| 10 | 职业教育:案例与范例辨显示文摘案例,源于英语“case”,一般被解释为“某种案件的例子”,“是实践活动中发生的具有普遍性、代表性的典型事例,它反映一个问题、一件工作、一个事件发生、发展和演变的过程,通过对这些典型事例的分析,提出解决问题的办法和思路”(百度辞典)。在这里,案例中“案”的字义,常指“计划、方法或其他建议的文件”,或指“法律或政治的事件”(古今汉语字典)。 | 姜大源 | 2008 | 中国职业技术教育2008，24，22： | 18 |
| 11 | 一种面向软件工程的时序逻辑语言显示文摘XYZ系统由时序逻辑语言XYZ/E及一组基于该语言的CASE工具集组成.XYZ/E语言的目的是欲使逐步求精,描述及验证、快速原型等一些软件工程方法更加有效.特别地,它还能表示实时通信进程中的动态成分.在统一的框架下,不仅能表示不同层次的抽象描述,而且能表示普通高级语言的各种重要性质.本文是关于这一时序逻辑语言最新、最完整的介绍. | 唐稚松 赵琛 | 1994 | 软件学报1994，5，12： | 15 |
| 12 | 过程模型建造环境PMBE显示文摘过程模型建造环境PMEBE对于用可视化过程建模语言VPML定义过程模型及实例化过程提供了自动化支持。本文详细讨论了用PMBE建造过程模型的原理,分析了PMEB所支持的过程建模方法,介绍了PMBE的各个组成部其体系结构,最后总结了PMBE的主要特点并指出了今后的改进改进方向。 | 张社英 刘又诚 | 1997 | 软件学报1997，8，A00： | 15 |
| 13 | 基于SQLSERVER的面向对象数据库的构建显示文摘随着计算机技术的日益发展,软件的需求随之日益增大,计算机辅助软件工程(CASE)成为解决软件需求与生产之间矛盾的主要方法。在CASE的实施过程中,OO方法成为主流,但是由于目前的主流数据库都是RDBMS,因此,CASE与DBMS之间的配合成为CASE应用的一个重要瓶颈,该文根据OO方法的特点,阐述了从RDBMS向RODBMS映射的规则,提出了从CASE中的类图向RDBMS表映射的方法,并利用SQLSERVER中提供的存储过程实现了基于Web的机加工仿真环境中的模型库的设计。 | 蒋晓健 郑力 梁宇澜 田任然 李天煜 | 2004 | 计算机工程与应用2004，40，4： | 15 |
| 14 | Case-matched comparison of laparoscopy-assisted and open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer显示文摘AIM: To compare shortand long-term outcomes of laparoscopy-assisted and open distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer. METHODS: A retrospective study was performed by comparing the outcomes of 54 patients who underwent laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) with those of 54 patients who underwent open distal gastrectomy (ODG) between October 2004 and October 2007. The patients' demographic data (age and gender), date of surgery, extent of lymphadenectomy, and differentiation and tumor-node-metastasis stage of the tumor were examined. The operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative recovery, complications, pathological findings, and follow-up data were compared between the two groups.RESULTS: The mean operative time was significantly longer in the LADG group than in the ODG group (259.3 ± 46.2 min vs 199.8 ± 40.85 min; P < 0.05), whereas intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications were significantly lower (160.2 ± 85.9 mL vs 257.8 ± 151.0 mL; 13.0% vs 24.1%, respectively, P < 0.05). In addition, the time to first flatus, time to initiate oral intake, and postoperative hospital stay were significantly shorter in the LADG group than in the ODG group (3.9 ± 1.4 d vs 4.4 ± 1.5 d; 4.6 ± 1.2 d vs 5.6 ± 2.1 d; and 9.5 ± 2.7 d vs 11.1 ± 4.1 d, respectively; P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the LADG group and ODG group with regard to the number of harvested lymph nodes. The median followup was 60 mo (range, 5-97 mo). The 1-, 3-, and 5-year disease-free survival rates were 94.3%, 90.2%, and 76.7%, respectively, in the LADG group and 89.5%, 84.7%, and 82.3%, respectively, in the ODG group. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 98.0%, 91.9%, and 81.1%, respectively, in the LADG group and 91.5%, 86.9%, and 82.1%, respectively, in the ODG group. There was no significant difference between the two groups with regard to the survival rate. CONCLUSION: LADG is suitable and minimally invasive for treating distal gastric cancer and can achieve similar long-term results to ODG. | Wei Wang Ke Chen Xiao-Wu Xu Yu Pan Yi-Ping Mou | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，23： | 15 |
| 15 | 巢式病例对照研究显示文摘 | 黄平 俞守义 | 2006 | 继续医学教育2006，20，31： | 15 |
| 16 | Fatal complications in a patient with severe multi-space infections in the oral and maxillofacial head and neck regions: A case report显示文摘BACKGROUND Odontogenic infection is one of the common infectious diseases in oral and maxillofacial head and neck regions.Clinically,if early odontogenic infections such as acute periapical periodontitis,alveolar abscess,and pericoronitis of wisdom teeth are not treated timely,effectively and correctly,the infected tissue may spread up to the skull and brain,down to the thoracic cavity,abdominal cavity and other areas through the natural potential fascial space in the oral and maxillofacial head and neck.Severe multi-space infections are formed and can eventually lead to life-threatening complications(LTCs),such as intracranial infection,pleural effusion,empyema,sepsis and even death.CASE SUMMARY We report a rare case of death in a 41-year-old man with severe odontogenic multi-space infections in the oral and maxillofacial head and neck regions.One week before admission,due to pain in the right lower posterior teeth,the patient placed a cigarette butt dipped in the pesticide'Miehailin'into the'dental cavity'to relieve the pain.Within a week,the infection gradually spread bilaterally to the floor of the mouth,submandibular space,neck,chest,waist,back,temporal and other areas.The patient had difficulty breathing,swallowing and eating,and was transferred to our hospital as an emergency admission.Following admission,oral and maxillofacial surgeons immediately organized consultations with doctors in otolaryngology,thoracic surgery,general surgery,hematology,anesthesia and the intensive care unit to assist with treatment.The patient was treated with the highest level of antibiotics(vancomycin)and extensive abscess incision and drainage in the oral,maxillofacial,head and neck,chest and back regions.Unfortunately,the patient died of septic shock and multiple organ failure on the third day after admission.CONCLUSION Odontogenic infection can cause serious multi-space infections in the oral and maxillofacial head and neck regions,which can result in multiple LTCs.The management and treatment of LTCs such as multi-space infections should be multidisciplinary led by oral and maxillofacial surgeons. | Tian-Guo Dai Hong-Bing Ran Yin-Xiu Qiu Bo Xu Jin-Qiang Cheng Ying-Kai Liu | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2019，7，23： | 14 |
| 17 | 基于XML的界面自动生成显示文摘为了满足重用性和自动化的需要,从支持用户界面自动生成的FMP模型出发,提出了用XML文档保存所有模型信息的方法以及相应的转换算法;并在此基础上详细介绍了界面生成引擎的设计以及相应的代码生成算法。 | 冯文堂 胡强 万建成 | 2006 | 计算机应用研究2006，23，9： | 13 |
| 18 | Hair regrowth following fecal microbiota transplantation in an elderly patient with alopecia areata: A case report and review of the literature显示文摘BACKGROUND Alopecia areata is a hair loss disease associated with genetics,autoimmunity,and other factors.There is an intriguing link between alopecia areata and gut dysbiosis.Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)has been recommended to treat Clostridium difficile(previously known as Clostridioides difficile)infection,and has also shown potentials in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease,irritable bowel syndrome,and non-alcohol fatty liver disease.CASE SUMMARY An 86-year-old man,with a history of sigmoid colon carcinoma,suffered from recurrent abdominal pain and distension,and diarrhea for six months,with inappetence.At admission,he was also diagnosed with depression.Upon physical examination,the patient presented with a 1.5 cm×2.0 cm alopecia areata on his right occiput.Due to the negative results of laboratory testing,capsule endoscopy,and colonoscopy,the patient was diagnosed with noninfectious diarrhea,depressive disorder,and patchy alopecia areata.Considering that noninfectious diarrhea in the elderly patient was mainly caused by gut dysbiosis,he was given six rounds of FMT.His diarrhea improved remarkably one month after FMT,with improved appetite and disappearance of abdominal pain,distension,and depressive symptoms.Surprisingly,he reported new hair growth on the affected region of his scalp,with some of his white hair gradually turning to black,without taking any other therapies for alopecia areata before and after FMT.CONCLUSION FMT might act as a potential therapy for patients who suffer from alopecia areata.Large and well-designed studies are required to confirm the role of FMT in alopecia areata. | Wen-Rui Xie Xiao-Ya Yang Harry Hua-Xiang Xia Li-Hao Wu Xing-Xiang He | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2019，7，19： | 13 |
| 19 | 关系数据库的建模技术研究显示文摘在论述关系数据库的发展及其应用的基础上 ,指出了探讨关系数据库开发技术的必要性。分析了关系数据库的建模方法 ,重点对应用 ERwin这一关系数据库开发的优秀 CASE工具的应用进行了研究 ,最后以大学教材科书库管理系统 ER模型图为例 ,构造了书库管理中的各种实体和联系 。 | 王经卓 刘永生 丁兆奎 乔国垒 | 2002 | 淮海工学院学报(自然科学版)2002，11，2： | 12 |
| 20 | Liver failure associated with benzbromarone:A case report and review of the literature显示文摘BACKGROUND Benzbromarone is a uricosuric agent that reduces proximal tubular reabsorption of uric acid.Because of hepatotoxicity,it has been withdrawn from the market in Europe.Recently,some benefit-risk assessments of benzbromarone suggest that benzbromarone has greater benefits than risks,and the application of benzbromarone in the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia is still under debate.CASE S UMMARY A 39-year-old man was admitted to the hospital for icterus and nausea,and he was treated with benzbromarone(100 mg/d)for 4 mo because of hyperuricemia He had a 10-year history of beer drinking(alcohol:about 28 g/d).Laboratory data showed severe liver injury and serious coagulation dysfunction;tests for autoimmune antibodies,viral hepatitis,and human immunodeficiency virus were negative.Despite administration of liver function-protecting drugs and efficient supportive treatment,the patient deteriorated quickly after hospitalization and developed grade Ⅱ encephalopathy within a few days.The patient accepted continuous plasma exchange six times;however,his condition did not improve.Based on suggestions from multidisciplinary consultation,the patient underwent liver transplantation 26 d after admission.Liver specimen pathology results showed massive necrosis consistent with drug-induced liver injury,supporting the diagnosis of acute liver failure associated with benzbromarone.The patient recovered quickly thereafter.CONCL USION This case highlights that clinicians should be on the alert for the severe hepatotoxicity of benzbromarone.Before prescribing benzbromarone,physicians should evaluate the high-risk factors that may lead to liver injury and provide suggestions for monitoring benzbromarone’s hepatotoxicity during treatment. | Ming-Yuan Zhang Jun-Qi Niu Xiao-Yu Wen Qing-Long Jin | 2019 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2019，7，13： | 12 |
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