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| 1 | Metal foams: A survey显示文摘The current state-of-the-art in the development of cellular metal foams is reviewed, with focus on their fabrication, mechanical/thermal/acoustic properties, and potential applications as lightweight panels, energy absorbers, heat exchangers, and acoustic liners. Foam property charts with scaling relations are presented, allowing scoping and selection through the use of material indices. | Michael F.Ashby 卢天健 | 2003 | Science China Chemistry2003，46，6： | 45 |
| 2 | 采用Cellular Automaton法模拟铝合金的微观组织显示文摘采用 Cellular Automaton微观模型 ,并与宏观的传热计算相结合 ,对砂型铸造铝合金铸件的凝固组织形成进行了模拟。在模拟过程中 ,采用连续形核的方法处理液态金属的异质形核现象。通过高斯分布函数描述形核质点密度随温度的分布关系 ,在给定过冷度时对分布函数求积分可得该时刻的形核密度。晶粒生长模型则考虑枝晶尖端生长动力学和择优生长方向〈1 0 0〉晶向。模拟计算结果表明 ,在冷却速度不变的情况下 ,随着形核分布参数ΔTN 增加 ,所得到的晶粒尺寸增大。 | 许庆彦 柳百成 | 2001 | 中国机械工程2001，12，3： | 32 |
| 3 | Mechanisms of resistance to sorafenib and the corresponding strategies in hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Sorafenib, the unique drug as first-line treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), has opened a window of hope after searching for effective agents to combat HCC for decades. However, the overall outcomes are far from satisfactory. One of the explanations is the genetic heterogeneity of HCC, which has led to identifying predictive biomarkers for primary resistance to sorafenib, and then applying the concept of personalized medicine, or seeking therapeutic strategies such as combining sorafenib with other anticancer agents. Some of the combinations have demonstrated a better effectiveness than sorafenib alone, with good tolerance. The acquired resistance to sorafenib has also drawn attention. As a multikinase inhibitor, sorafenib targets several cellular signaling pathways but simultaneously or sequentially the addiction switches and compensatory pathways are activated. Several mechanisms are involved in the acquired resistance to sorafenib, such as crosstalks involving PI3K/Akt and JAK-STAT pathways, hypoxia-inducible pathways, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, etc . Based on the investigated mechanisms,some other molecular targeted drugs have been applied as second-line treatment for treat HCC after the failure of sorafenib therapy and more are under evaluation in clinical trials. However, the exact mechanisms accounting for sorafenib resistance remains unclear. Further investigation on the crosstalk and relationship of associated pathways will better our understanding of the mechanisms and help to find effective strategies for overcoming sorafenib resistance in HCC. | Bo Zhai Xue-Ying Sun | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，7： | 24 |
| 4 | DNA-based vaccination induces humoral and cellular immune responses against hepatitis B virus surface antigen in mice without activation of Cmyc显示文摘AIM To develop a safe and effective DNAvaccine for inducing humoral and cellularimmunological responses against hepatitis Bvirus surface antigen(HBsAg).METHODS BALB/c mice were inoculated withNV-HB/s,a recombinant plasmid that had beeninserted S gene of hepatitis B virus genome andcould express HBsAg in eukaryotes.HBsAgexpression was measured by ABC immunohis-tochemical assay,generation of anti-HBs byELISA and cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL),byMTT method,existence of vaccine DNA bySouthern blot hybridization and activation ofoncogene C-myc by in situ hybridization,RESULTS With NV-HB/s vaccination byintramuscular injection,anti-HBs was initiallypositive 2 weeks after inoculation while all micetested were HBsAg positive in the muscles.Thetiters and seroconversion rate of anti-HBs weresteadily increasing as time went on and weredose-dependent.All the mice inoculated with100 μg NV-HB/s were anti-HBs positive onemonth after inoculation,the titer was 1:1024 ormore.The humoral immune response was similarinduced by either intramuscular or intradermalinjection.CTL activities were much stronger(45.26%)in NV-HB/s DNA immunized mice as compared with those(only 6%)in plasma-derived HBsAg vaccine immunized mice.Twomonths after inoculation,all muscle sampleswere positive by Southern-blot hybridization forNV.HB/s DNA detection,but decreased to 25%and all were undetectable by in situhybridization after 6 months.No oncogene C-myc activation was found in the muscle ofinoculation site.CONCLUSION NV-HB/s could generatehumoral and cellular immunological responsesagainst HBsAg that had been safely expressed insitu by NV-HB/s vaccination. | Lian San Zhao Shan Qin Tao You Zhou Hong Tang Li Liu Bing Jun Lei | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，2： | 24 |
| 5 | 对流作用下枝晶生长行为的数值模拟显示文摘应用一个二维的改进元胞自动机(modifiedcellularautomaton,MCA)-传输耦合模型,对流场作用下枝晶的非对称生长行为进行了模拟研究.模型采用MCA技术模拟枝晶的生长,同时采用一个传输模型对流场和由对流和扩散所控制的质量传输进行数值求解.MCA考虑了热过冷、成分过冷和曲率过冷对枝晶生长的作用,也考虑了枝晶的择优生长方向和凝固过程中的溶质再分配.在传输模型中,采用SIMPLE算法求解动量和质量传输的控制方程.应用该模型模拟研究了Al-3%Cu(质量分数)合金中单枝晶和多枝晶在不同流动方向的流体作用下的生长规律.模拟结果表明,金属液对流对枝晶的生长形貌产生重要的影响. | 朱鸣芳 戴挺 李成允 洪俊杓 | 2005 | 中国科学(E辑)2005，35，7： | 22 |
| 6 | Developing land use scenario dynamics model by the integration of system dynamics model and cellular automata model显示文摘Modeling land use scenario changes and its potential impacts on the structure and function of the ecosystem in the typical regions are helpful to understanding the interactive mechanism between land use system and ecological system. A Land Use Scenario Dynamics (LUSD) model by the integration of System Dynamics (SD) model and Cellular Automata (CA) model is developed with land use scenario changes in northern China in the next 20 years simulated in this paper. The basic idea of LUSD model is to simulate the land use scenario de-mands by using SD model at first, then allocate the land use scenario patterns at the local scale with the considerations of land use suitability, inheritance ability and neighborhood effect by using CA model to satisfy the balance between land use scenario demands and supply. The application of LUSD model in northern China suggests that the model has the ability to reflect the complex behavior of land use system at different scales to some extent and is a useful tool for assessing the potential impacts of land use system on ecological system. In addition, the simulated results also indicate that obvious land use changes will take place in the farming-pastoral zone of northern China in the next 20 years with cultivated land and urban land being the most active land use types. | HE Chunyang, SHI Peijun, CHEN Jin, Li Xiaobing, PAN Yaozhong, LI Jing, LI Yuechen & LI Jinggang Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Normal University College of Resources Science & Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，11： | 21 |
| 7 | Plant-derived phosphocholine facilitates cellular uptake of anti-pulmonary fibrotic HJT-sRNA-m7显示文摘Pulmonary fibrosis, a progressive chronic disease with a high mortality rate, has limited treatment options. Currently, lung transplantation remains the only effective treatment. Here we report that a small RNA, HJT-sRNA-m7, from a Chinese herbal medicine Hong Jing Tian(HJT, RHODIOHAE CRENULATAE RADIX ET RHIZOMA, Rhodiola crenulata) can effectively reduce the expressions of fibrotic hallmark genes and proteins both in alveolar in vitro and in mouse lung tissues in vivo. We also discovered over one hundred oil-soluble chemicals from HJT decoctions, most of which are found in lipid extracts from other Chinese herbals decoctions, including Pu Gong Ying(PGY, TARAXACI HERBA, Taraxacum mongolicum), Chuan Xin Lian(CXL, changed to 'ANDROGRAPHIS HERBA, Andrographis paniculata'), and Jin Yin Hua(JYH, lonicera japonica or Honeysuckle). We identified the active component in these decoctions as two forms of phosphocholines, PC(18:0/18:2) and PC(16:0/18:2). These PCs potentially could form liposomes with small RNAs to enter human alveolar and gastric cells. Our experimental results suggest an unprecendent lipid complex route through which botanic small RNA can enter human bodies.Our results provide an innovative treatment strategy for oral delivery of siRNAs as therapeutic medication. | Jianchao Du Zhu Liang Jiantao Xu Yan Zhao Xiaoyun Li Yanli Zhang DANDan Zhao Ruxuan Chen Yang Liu Trupti Joshi Jiahui Chang Zhiqing Wang Yanxu Zhang Jindong Zhu Qiang Liu Dong Xu Chengyu Jiang | 2019 | Science China(Life Sciences)2019，62，3： | 21 |
| 8 | A cellular automata evacuation model considering friction and repulsion显示文摘There exist interactions among pedestrians and between pedestrian and environment in evacuation. These interactions include attraction, repulsion and friction that play key roles in human evacuation behaviors, speed and efficiency. Most former evacuation models focus on the attraction force, while repulsion and friction are not well modeled. As a kind of multi-particle self-driven model, the social force model introduced in recent years can represent those three forces but with low simulation efficiency because it is a continuous model with complex rules. Discrete models such as the cellular automata model and the lattice gas model have simple rules and high simulation efficiency, but are not quite suitable for interactions’ simulation. In this paper, a new cellular automata model based on traditional models is introduced in which repulsion and friction are modeled quantitatively. It is indicated that the model can simulate some basic behaviors, e.g. arching and the “faster-is-slower” phenomenon, in evacuation as multi-particle self-driven models, but with high efficiency as the normal cellular automata model and the lattice gas model. | SONG Weiguo YU Yanfei FAN Weicheng Zhang Heping | 2005 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2005，48，4： | 19 |
| 9 | 枝晶生长的数值模拟显示文摘对朱、洪已发展的一种微观尺度cellularautomaton(CA)模型做了进一步改进.在改进的模型中用二元合金的Gibbs-Thomson方程建立固/液界面的平衡关系.考虑了动力学和表面能各向异性对枝晶择优生长方向的影响.应用改进的模型模拟了不同择优取向的单枝晶在过冷熔体中的自由生长、定向凝固过程中柱状晶的竞争生长以及等轴晶的演变过程.模拟结果表明,改进后的模型成功地模拟出各种不同择优取向的单枝晶和多枝晶的生长形貌. | 朱鸣芳 陈晋 孙国雄 洪俊杓 | 2005 | 金属学报2005，41，6： | 19 |
| 10 | Current and future medical therapeutic strategies for the functional repair of spinal cord injury显示文摘Spinal cord injury(SCI) leads to social and psychological problems in patients and requires costly treatment and care. In recent years, various pharmacological agents have been tested for acute SCI. Large scale, prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trials have failed to demonstrate marked neurological benefit in contrast to their success in the laboratory. Today, the most important problem is ineffectiveness of nonsurgical treatment choices in human SCI that showed neuroprotective effectsin animal studies. Recently, attempted cellular therapy and transplantations are promising. A better understanding of the pathophysiology of SCI started in the early 1980 s. Research had been looking at neuroprotection in the 1980 s and the first half of 1990 s and regeneration studies started in the second half of the 1990 s. A number of studies on surgical timing suggest that early surgical intervention is safe and feasible, can improve clinical and neurological outcomes and reduce health care costs, and minimize the secondary damage caused by compression of the spinal cord after trauma. This article reviews current evidence for early surgical decompression and nonsurgical treatment options, including pharmacological and cellular therapy, as the treatment choices for SCI. | Tevfik Y?lmaz Erkan Kaptano?lu | 2015 | World Journal of Orthopedics2015，6，1： | 19 |
| 11 | Tissue clearing of both hard and soft tissue organs with the PEGASOS method显示文摘织物空地技术由转织物在 3 尺寸(3-D ) 启用不透明的机关和纸巾的可视化透明。当前的组织空地方法被能与每个单个协议被清除的纸巾的有限类型限制,它不可避免地导致了存在在整个身体或身体部分成像以内盲点。包括骨头和牙齿的难纸巾仍然是要清除的最困难的机关。另外,内长的荧光的损失为基于溶剂的空地方法仍然是一颗主要担心。这里,我们发展了聚乙烯乙二醇(木钉) 联系了溶剂系统(PEGASOS ) ,它将近显示了纸巾的所有类型透明、保存的内长的荧光。骨头和牙齿能被转在变清以后将近不可见。PEGASOS 方法转了透明的整个成年老鼠身体,我们对一个成年老鼠头骨头,牙齿,大脑,肌肉,和其它填写了的图象有能力没有盲目区域的纸巾。难织物透明性使我们能重建在 3-D 的未经触动的上颚,牙齿,腿节,或膝关节。另外,我们在长距离上在亚 cellular 分辨率并且到踪迹个人神经原和轴突管理了未经触动的鼠标大脑到图象。我们也通过 vertebrae 直接设想了背面的根中心。最后,我们在长骨头的髓空间以内在 3-D 揭示了神经网络的分发模式。这些结果建议 PEGASOS 方法是为一般生物医学的研究的一个有用工具。 | Dian Jing Shiwen Zhang Wenjing Luo Xiaofei Gao Yi Men Chi Ma Xiaohua Liu Yating Yi Abhijit Bugde Bo O. Zhou Zhihe Zhao Quan Yuan Jian Q. Feng Liang Gao Woo-Ping Ge Hu Zhao | 2018 | Cell Research2018，28，8： | 18 |
| 12 | Exponential stability and periodic solutions of delayed cellular neural networks显示文摘A set of criteria are presented for the global exponential stability and the existence of periodic solutions of delayed cellular neural networks (DCNNs) by constructing suitable Lyapunov function-als, introducing many parameters qij* , rij* , qij, rij∈ R and wi>0 (i, j = 1, 2, …, n) and combining them with the elementary inequality 2ab≤a2 + b2 technique. These criteria have important significance in the design and applications of globally stable DCNNs and periodic oscillatory DCNNs. In addition, the results in literature are extended and improved. Two examples are given to illustrate the theory. | 曹进德 | 2000 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2000，43，3： | 17 |
| 13 | Occupant evacuation model based on cellular automata in fire显示文摘By applying the rules set in traffic flow and pedestrian flow models, a basic cellular automata model is presented to simulate occupant evacuation in fire. Some extended models are introduced to study the special phenomena of evacuation from the fire room. The key of the models is the introduction of the danger grade which makes the route choice convenient and reasonable. Fire not only influences the emotional and behavioral characteristics of an individual but also affects his physical constitution, which reduces his maximal possible velocity. The models consider these influence factors by applying a set of simple but effective rules. It is needed to emphasize that all rules are established according to the essential phenomenon in fire evacuation, that is, all the occupants would try to move to the safest place as fast as possible. Some simulation examples are also presented to validate the applicability of the models. | Lizhong Yang Weifeng Fang Rui Huang Zhihua Deng | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，17： | 16 |
| 14 | Self-organized criticality of forest fires in China显示文摘Self-organized criticality(SOC) of forest fires in China from 1950 to 1989 is studied. The stability, scale-invariant character of SOC and external effects on SOC of forest fires in China are analyzed in detail. Forest-fire cellular automata model is a typical model for the research of SOC. Based on the traditional forest-fire model, an improved model, in which effects of tree species, meteorological conditions and human efforts on forest fires are considered, is introduced. Actual forest fire data in China are compared with simulation results of the two models. It is shown that forest fire data in China have SOC behavior and simulation results of the improved model accord better with actual forest fire data than those of the traditional model. | Song Weiguo Fan Weicheng Wang Binghong | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，13： | 15 |
| 15 | Fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V cellular structures fabricated by additive manufacturing technique显示文摘Porous titanium and its alloys have been considered as promising replacement for dense implants, as they possess low elastic modulus comparable to that of compact human bones and are capable of providing space for in-growth of bony tissues to achieve a better fixation. Recently, the additive manufacturing(AM) method has been successfully applied to the fabrication of Ti-6 Al-4 V cellular meshes and foams.Comparing to traditional fabrication methods, the AM method offers advantages of accurate control of complex cell shapes and internal pore architectures, thus attracting extensive attention. Considering the long-term safety in the human body, the metallic cellular structures should possess high fatigue strength.In this paper, the recent progress on the fatigue properties of Ti-6 Al-4 V cellular structures fabricated by the AM technique is reviewed. The various design factors including cell shapes, surface properties, post treatments and graded porosity distribution affecting the fatigue properties of additive manufactured Ti-6 Al-4 V cellular structures were introduced and future development trends were also discussed. | Dechun Ren Shujun Li Hao Wang Wentao Hou Yulin Hao Wei Jin Rui Yang R.Devesh K.Misra Lawrence E.Murr | 2019 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2019，35，2： | 15 |
| 16 | 金属凝固显微组织的计算机模拟显示文摘应用计算机数值模拟技术研究金属凝固显微组织的形成规律是材料科学发展的重要前沿领域之一。文章对该领域的最新研究进展作了简要评述 ;重点介绍了作者发展的一个改进的MCA (modifiedcellularautomaton) | 朱鸣芳 于金 洪俊杓 | 2004 | 中国工程科学2004，6，5： | 15 |
| 17 | Integration of principal components analysis and cellular automata for spatial decisionmaking and urban simulation显示文摘This paper discusses the issues about the correlation of spatial variables during spatial decisionmaking using multicriteria evaluation (MCE) and cellular automata (CA). The correlation of spatial variables can cause the malfunction of MCE. In urban simulation, spatial factors often exhibit a high degree of correlation which is considered as an undesirable property for MCE. This study uses principal components analysis (PCA) to remove data redundancy among a large set of spatial variables and determine 'ideal points' for land development. PCA is integrated with cellular automata and geographical information systems (GIS) for the simulation of idealized urban forms for planning purposes. | 黎夏 叶嘉安 | 2002 | Science China Earth Sciences2002，45，6： | 12 |
| 18 | Stimulus-responsive polymeric nanoparticles for biomedical applications显示文摘Polymeric nanoparticles with unique properties are regarded as the most promising materials for biomedical applications including drug delivery and in vitro/in vivo imaging.Among them,stimulus-responsive polymeric nanoparticles,usually termed as 'intelligent' nanoparticles,could undergo structure,shape,and property changes after being exposed to external signals including pH,temperature,magnetic field,and light,which could be used to modulate the macroscopical behavior of the nanoparticles.This paper reviews the recent progress in stimulus-responsive nanoparticles used for drug delivery and in vitro/in vivo imaging,with an emphasis on double/multiple stimulus-responsive systems and their biomedical applications. | LI YongYong1,2,DONG HaiQing1,2,WANG Kang1,SHI DongLu 2,ZHANG XianZheng1 & ZHUO RenXi1 1Key Laboratory of Biomedical Polymers,Ministry of Education Department of Chemistry,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China 2Institute for Advanced Materials and Nano Biomedicine(iNANO),Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China | 2010 | Science China Chemistry2010，53，3： | 11 |
| 19 | Multi-agent systems for simulating spatial decision behaviors and land-use dynamics显示文摘A new method to simulate urban land-use dynamics is proposed based on multi-agent systems (MAS). The model consists of a series of environmental layers and multi-agent layers, which can interact with each other. It attempts to explore the interactions between different players or agents, such as residents, property developers, and governments, and between these players and the envi- ronment. These interactions can give rise to urban macro-spatial patterns. This model is used to simulate the land-use dynamics of the Haizhu district of Guangzhou City in 1995―2004. Cellular automata (CA) were also used for the simulation of land use changes as a comparison. The study indicates that MAS has better performance for simulating complex cities than CA. | Anthony Gar-On Yeh | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，11： | 11 |
| 20 | Influences of finite-size effects on the self-organized critical-ity of forest-fire model显示文摘The influences of finite-size effects on the self-organized criticality (SOC) of the traditional forest-fire model are investigated by means of a new method. The forest size is originally set to a value much greater than the correla-tion length of the forest. Finite-size effects are then studied by equally dividing the forest into more and more separate subsystems on condition that the forest size, igniting prob-ability and planting probability are invariant. A new phe-nomenon, i.e. the finite-size effects with one-side frequency peak, is observed. The boundary between two neighboring subsystems can be regarded as a firebreak. The concept of ’separation ability’ is introduced to represent the probability for the firebreak to block off the fire successfully. Restrain-ing effects of separation ability on finite-size effects are ana-lyzed. Finite-size effects and separation ability, as well as their relations are found to have practical importance to the actual forest-fire protection. | Weiguo Song Weicheng Fan Binghong Wang | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，3： | 9 |
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