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| 1 | Heavy metal concentrations in edible bivalves and gastropods available in major markets of the Pearl River Delta显示文摘Molluscs are able to accumulate heavy metals and impose health hazard to consumers. The main objective of the present study is to investigate the heavy metal concentrations in edible bivalves and gastropods available in major markets of the Pearl River Delta. Fourteen species of edible molluscs were purchased from six markets in Hong Kong and Guangdong Province. The fresh of these biota were tested for their cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), antimony (Sb) and tin (Sn) concentrations (based on wet weight). The results indicated that amongst the 14 edible molluscs, only Cd, Pb, Ni, Cr, Sb and Sn concentrations in three species ( Ruditapes philippinarum, Perna viridis and Hemifusus tuba ) were within the local regulatory limits. Over 60% of bivalve species exceeded maximum permitted levels of Cd (2 μg/g) and Cr (1 μg/g), while over 40% of gastropod species exceeded the maximum levels of Sb (1 μg/g) and Cr (1 μg/g). Most of the samples collected from Hong Kong had significantly higher contents of Pb and Sb, but similar levels of Cd, Cu and Zn when compared with samples collected across the border ( p <0 05; p <0 01; p <0 001 respectively). In general, the molluscs purchased in Guangdong markets had higher metal contents than those purchased from the Hong Kong markets. When compared with the Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intake or Maximum Acceptable Daily Load recommended by FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, Cd levels of five species ( Anadara ferruginea, Pinna pectinata, Chlamys nobilis, Babylonia lutosa and Hemifusus terntanus ) and Cr levels of seven species ( Anadara ferruginea, Paphia undulata, Pinna pectinata, Babylonia lutosa, Hemifusus terntanus, Cymbium melo and Cipangopaludina chinensis ) were higher than both the human daily acceptable limits (for Cd and Cr respectively) and the local regulatory levels (for Cd and Cr respectively). | FANG Zhan-qiang CHEUNG R.Y.H. WONG M.H. | 2001 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2001，13，2： | 20 |
| 2 | Optimal management of Korean pine plantations in multifunctional forestry显示文摘Korean pine is one of the most important plantation species in northeast China.Besides timber,it produces edible nuts and plantations sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.This study optimized the management of Korean pine plantations for timber production,seed production,carbon sequestration and for the joint production of multiple benefits.As the first step,models were developed for stand dynamics and seed production.These models were used in a simulation–optimization system to find optimal timing and type of thinning treatments and optimal rotation lengths.It was found that three thinnings during the rotation period were optimal.When the amount or profitability of timber production is maximized,suitable rotation lengths are 65–70 years and wood production is 5.5–6.0 m^3 ha^(-1) a^(-1).The optimal thinning regime is thinning from above.In seed production,optimal rotation lengths are over 100 years.When carbon sequestration in living biomass is maximized,stands should not be clear-cut until trees start to die due to senescence.In the joint production of multiple benefits,the optimal rotation length is 86 years if all benefits(wood,economic profits,seed,carbon sequestration) are equally important.In this management schedule,mean annual wood production is 5.5 m^2 ha^(-1) and mean annual seed yield 141 kg ha^(-1).It was concluded that it is better to produce timber and seeds in the same stands rather than assign stands to either timber production or seed production. | Xingji Jin Timo Pukkala Fengri Li Lihu Dong | 2017 | Journal of Forestry Research2017，28，5： | 8 |
| 3 | REVIEW Risk Assessment of the Mycotoxin Ochratoxin A显示文摘Ochratoxin A (OA) is a mycotoxin which has been found to occur in foods of plant origin, in edible animal tissues, as well as in human blood sera and tissues. The ability of OA to move up the food chain is aided by its long half-life in certain edible animal species. In this report, an evaluation of the health risks to Canadians due to the presence of OA in food products is presented. The first part of the report deals with the physicochemical aspects, mycology, laboratory production, analytical methods, and natural occurrence in plant products, animal products, and human tissues. The stability of OA in foods and feeds, the effects of food processing, and the removal from foods and feeds by physicochemical means are also discussed. From these data, the worst case estimate for the daily exposure of Canadians to OA, from the consumption of pork-based food products and cereal foods, is approximately 5 ng OA/kg body wt (mean of eaters) for young children, the highest consumption group on a body weight basis. The second part of the report deals with the metabolic disposition as well as the available toxicity database for OA in laboratory animals, farm animals, and humans. The major target for OA toxicity in all mammalian species tested is the kidney, and endemic nephropathies affecting livestock as well as humans have been attributed to OA. OA is also teratogenic, and in the fetus the major target is the developing central nervous system. Recent studies have provided 'clear evidence' of the carcinogenicity of OA in two rodent species. OA was found to be nonmutagenic in various microbial and mammalian gene mutation assays, but weak genotoxic activity to mammalian cells was noted. In addition, OA was found to suppress immune function. Based on the NTP carcinogenicity study with OA in rats, the estimated tolerable daily intake in humans ranges from 0.2 to 4.2 ng OA/kg body wt, depending on the method of extrapolation used. In view of the toxic properties of OA, it is recommended that exposure to OA be kept to a minimum. In Canada, further monitoring programs are required to better define the overall residue profile of OA in cereal grains, animal feeds, animal food products, and human blood. Such data are required to better assess dietary exposure and to ascertain the need for regulatory controls or other control mechanisms. (c)1989 Academic Press, Inc. | T.KUIPER-GOODMAN P.M.SCOTT | 1989 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1989，2，3： | 7 |
| 4 | Inhibitory activity of polysaccharide extracts from three kinds of edible fungi on proliferation of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cell and mouse implanted S180 tumor显示文摘AIM To determine the activities ofpolysaccharide extracts from Flammulina velutipes (Curt. ex Fr. ) Sing (FV), Lentinusedodes (LE) and Agaricus bisporus Sing (AB)on the proliferation of human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and on mouse implanted S-180tumors in vivo.METHODS The polysaccharide extracts were isolated from the fruit bodies of FV, LE and AB by the methods of hot-water extraction, Sevag’sremoval of proteins, ethanol precipitation,trypsin digestion and ethanol fractionalprecipitation. Human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells were treated with 50 mg/L Polysaccharide extracts, and the mitosis index, mitochondria activity and cell proliferation were detected at different times in both control and experimental groups. The mice with S-180 implanted tumors were injected with the polysaccharide extracts at 24 mg/ kg body weight for 9 d and the tumorweight was measured on the 15th day.RESULTS The mitosis index of hepatoma cells in vitro could be significantly decreased by treatment with the polysaccharide extracts fromthe three kinds of edible fungi (P < 0 .005 ). Thecell numbers and mitochondria activity of SMMC7721 cells treated with polysaccharide extracts were lower than those in control groups (P <0.005). The inhibition rates of polysaccharide extracts against implanted S-180 tumors in mice were 52.8%, 56.6% and 51 .9% respectivelycompared with that in c0ntrol gr0ups.CONCLUSI0N The POIysaccharide extractsfrom the three kinds of edible fungi could inhibitnot only the Cultured malignant cells in vitfO butalso impIanted Sl80 tum0r i0 vivo. | Jiang SM Xiao ZM Xu ZH | 1999 | World Journal of Gastroenterology1999，5，5： | 5 |
| 5 | Ethnobotanical inventory and medicinal uses of some important woody plant species of Kotli,Azad Kashmir,Pakistan显示文摘Objective:To document ethnobotanical informations of useful woody plant species in the region of Kotli,Azad Kashmir.Methods:An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in Kotli.Data were collected by interview and semi structured questionnaire from selected local informants and traditional practitioners as well as by field assessment.Results:The present study documented the etnobotanical uses of 33 woody plant species.Most of the species have been used for dual purpose.Only 5 species are used for one purpose.Study revealed all species have medicinal value,among which 21 were used as fuel wood species,16 as fodder species,4 as timber wood species,12 as edible fruit species,6 as fence or hedge plant,7 as ornamental species and 12 species had other uses.Conclusions:Medicinal plants are still widely used for health care by locals of Kotli.Some species of woodlands seem to be vulnerable to overcollection and deforestation.As the young generation is diverted toward allelopathic medicines,ethnobotanical knowledges of important medicinal plants are restricted to the old people only.It is suggested to close the forest of district Kotli for next two to three decades for the conservation of plant biodiversity. | Muhammad Shoaib Amjad Muhammad Arshad | 2014 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2014，4，12： | 3 |
| 6 | Protective roles of trehalose in Pleurotus pulmonarius during heat stress response显示文摘High temperature is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit edible mushroom growth and development. The understanding of physiological alterations in response to heat stress and the corresponding mechanisms involved is vital for the breeding of heat-resistant edible mushroom strains. Although trehalose functions as a protectant against abiotic stresses in fungi, the putative role of trehalose in thermotolerance remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found heat stress inhibited the growth of two Pleurotus pulmonarius strains, heat-sensitive and less-sensitive, and the inhibition was more significant for the sensitive strain. Heat stress leads to the increase of lipid peroxidation and intracellular trehalose accumulation, with a higher level in the heat-sensitive strain, and this effect is independent of exogenous trehalose application. In addition, a lower concentration of exogenous trehalose application in sensitive strain than in less-sensitive strain was found to alleviate the inhibition of mycelium growth and further increase the intracellular trehalose concentration by heat stress. Thus, the protective effects of trehalose were more remarkable in the sensitive strain. The activities of intracellular trehalose metabolic enzymes, i.e., trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, trehalose phosphorylase and neutral trehalase, were determined, and our data indicated that the changes of these enzymes activities in the sensitive strain were more beneficial to accumulate trehalose than that in the less-sensitive strain. | LIU Xiu-ming WU Xiang-li GAO Wei QU Ji-bin CHEN Qiang HUANG Chen-yang ZHANG Jin-xia | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，2： | 3 |
| 7 | New Development Trend of Edible Fungus Industry in China显示文摘We elaborate support system of edible fungus industry from outlook on ecological economic development, legislation and standardization of variety approval, multiple-function innovation platform of industrial development research, and perfect talent cultivation and education system. Besides, we analyze the development trend of edible fungus industry from competitive advantages, position and role in national food security, industrial development trend driven by internal demand, diversified industrial development model, division of labor within the industry, and expansion of industrial chain. Then, from the point of zoning and planning of edible fungus industry, we put forward suggestions that it should start from modern industrial system and take the industrial cluster development and optimization as guidance. In addition, we present technical innovation direction of industrial development. It is proposed to strengthen propaganda, build industrial cultural atmosphere, and expand social cognition degree of edible fungus industry to promote its redevelopment. Finally, it is expected to promote international influence of edible fungus industry through experts appealing for policy support. | LU Min, LI Yu Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China | 2012 | Asian Agricultural Research2012，4，1： | 2 |
| 8 | Current Situations of Edible Fungus Production in Lianyungang City and Development Countermeasures显示文摘On the basis of characteristics of edible fungus production in Lianyungang City, we analyzed its advantages and disadvantages and put forward suggestions and countermeasures for development of edible fungus industry, mainly including strengthening guidance and leadership of government, introducing professional personnel, and developing the edible fungus industry through science and technology. | LI Guan-xi GE Xiong-can WEI Liang-zhi | 2012 | Asian Agricultural Research2012，4，9： | 2 |
| 9 | The Influencing Factors and Inter-Group Differences for Urban Residents' Behavior of Consuming Edible Vegetable Oil显示文摘To clarify the determinant factors and inter-group differences of Chinese urban residents' edible vegetable oil consuming behavior is very important for us to understand their consumption features of edible vegetable oil,so as to guide their consuming behavior and improve China's vegetable oil industry security.In this article,urban residents of China's three traditional vegetable oil main production areas have been chosen as study objects,and multiple linear regression and one-way ANOVA have been used to do empirical analysis on the determinant factors and inter-group differences of their edible vegetable oil consuming behavior.The results indicate that the edible vegetable oil consuming behavior of urban residents from China's three traditional vegetable oil main production areas show a trend of diversification;' publicity measures',' preference evaluation',' personal characteristics' and ' family characteristics' remarkably affect urban residents' edible vegetable oil consuming behavior and show obvious provincial characteristics.In addition,urban residents from different groups show differences in terms of ' publicity measures' and ' preference evaluation'. | Qi WU Wenjie MA | 2016 | Asian Agricultural Research2016，8，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Strategies to enhance cottonseed oil contents and reshape fatty acid profile employing different breeding and genetic engineering approaches显示文摘Cottonseed oil is the valuable byproduct extracted after seed cotton processing for lint. It confers a huge contribution to total vegetable oil production and ranked the 2nd to meet global edible oil requirements. Over centuries, breeders mainly focused to improve lint production and fiber quality. Now attention has been given to improve the cottonseed oil percentage, its functional and nutritional properties. However, these efforts are less than other major oilseed crops which left cottonseed oil market behind in term of consumer demand and kept cott on seed oil industry at vuln erable positi on. Con siderable progress has been made to alter the relative percentage of fatty acid composition still intensified efforts have been required to meet the global oilseed demand. The objective of this review is to explore the cotton germplasm variation for seed oil carrying potential, its utilization in suitable breeding programs, seed oil biosynthetic pathways, major genes, and QTLs linked to quantity and quality enhancement of oil and deployment of modern genomic tools, viz., gene silencing and transgenic development to ameliorate its nutritional properties. | Iram Sharif Jehanzeb Farooq Shahid Munir Chohan Sadaf Saleem Riaz Ahmad Kainth Abid Mahmood Ghulam Sarwar | 2019 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2019，18，10： | 1 |
| 11 | Further Understanding of the Food Safety Problem显示文摘Frequent occurrence of food quality and safety proves that it is not effective to solve the Problem only from mechanism and supervision mechanism. Instead,it may expand solution ideas from external environment inducing changes of social institutions. Edible agricultural products are raw materials of foods,so their quality and safety are decisive for food quality and safety. Combining with concept of quality and safety of edible agricultural products,from social economy,science,technology and culture,environment cognition,this paper made a further understanding of food quality and safety. It found that the quality and safety of domestic edible agricultural products are not completely resulted from human factor,and not completely quality and safety problem in practical sense. Design of problem solutions should consider such external factors as economic level and consumption concept,dual character of science and technology,cultural quality of the masses,and moral trait of the masses,and enhance matching of building of regulation tools with external environment. | Xingxing MEI Zhongchao FENG Pinghua HE Yawen GAO Yuqin DAI | 2015 | Asian Agricultural Research2015，7，7： | 1 |
| 12 | Thomas BioEnergy to Invest for Qinhuangdao Plant | | 2009 | China Chemical Reporter2009，，18： | 1 |
| 13 | Inheritance,Innovation and High-quality Development of Herbaceous Edible Oils in Hubei Province under the Strategy of Strengthening the Country with Intellectual Property显示文摘Only by improving the production capacity of domestic herbal edible oil can China ensure the safety of the supply chain of the important industrial chain of vegetable edible oil in China and practice the big food concept.In addition to rice,maize,and soybean for using as grain and oil,there are eight kinds of herbaceous edible oil crops in Hubei Province,including rape,peanut,sesame,sunflower,perilla(perilla seed),cotton,linen and tiger nut(Cyperus esculentus).This paper studies the main industries of herbaceous edible oil crops and their intellectual property resources in Hubei Province,and analyzes the main problems of its inheritance,innovation and high-quality development under the strategy of strengthening the country with intellectual property.Finally,it proposes the countermeasures of carrying forward and inheriting traditional knowledge and traditional culture,maintaining the biodiversity of crops,strengthening the creation of new plant varieties and breeding patents,and opening up the whole chain of intellectual property rights. | Li GAO Yuanpeng SUN Jin ZENG Jianjun ZHANG Zhiguo SUN | 2023 | Asian Agricultural Research2023，15，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Analysis on the Influencing Factors of the Quality Traceable System Established by Edible Agricultural Products Enterprises-Taking Sichuan as an Example显示文摘According to the investigation data from 81 edible agricultural products enterprises in Sichuan Province,the influence factors of establishing quality tracing system are empirically analyzed from four aspects,including the enterprise features,the attitudes of operators,management and market competition by using the Logistic model.The results show that the enterprise can establish the quality tracing system after the comprehensive function of a series of internal and external factors.The four factors include peer pressure;age of enterprise;export and the expectation on improving economic interests have the biggest impact on enterprise to establish the quality tracing system.The factors,including the quality safety certificate obtained by the enterprises,export of products,sampling frequency,peer pressure,the pressure from consumers and media,the expectation on improving the competition of products,the expectation on improving economic interests,play a promotion role in helping enterprises to establish quality tracing system.The countermeasures and suggestion are put forward from strengthening the social responsibility of enterprises;intensifying the law enforcement of government and expanding the experimental enterprises with the quality tracing system. | XIE Xiao1,WU Xiu-min1.2,ZHAO Zhi-jing1 1.College of Economic Management,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya’an 625014,China 2.Sichuan Center for Rural Development Research,Ya’an 625014,China | 2011 | Asian Agricultural Research2011，3，2： | 0 |
| 15 | Traditional knowledge of the wild edible mushrooms of Himachal Pradesh显示文摘The purpose of the present study is to document traditional knowledge of the wild edible mushrooms of Himachal Pradesh.Ethno-mycological data was recorded from different regions of the state,viz.,Barot,Kangra,Shimla,Solan,Sirmaur,Mandi,Kullu,and Gaddi inhabitant regions of Chamba district in Himachal Pradesh,India.The local inhabitants of the region collect these mushrooms from the forests.Experienced members of families and local bodies teach the younger generation about edible and poisonous wild mushrooms,as well as their distribution patterns in forests.The majority of the collected wild edible mushrooms are consumed fresh.In this paper,we have presented the traditional knowledge about collection,identification,and documentation as per the knowledge available among indigenous people. | Babita Kumari Shwet Kamal Rajender Singh Ved Parkash Sharma Vijay Sanspal Gian Chand | 2022 | Studies in Fungi2022，7，1： | 0 |
| 16 | Booming up of the Electric Power System in Central China显示文摘Ⅰ.The situation of geography and economy in Central ChinaregionThe Central China region covers Henan,Hubei,Hunan andJiangxi four provinces.Its total area amounts to 730,000 squarekilometers with a population of about 238 million and possess culti-vable land of 16.82 million hectares.This region is one of the im-portant productive bases of grains,cotton and edible oil. | Zhang Yuying Central China Electric Power Administration | 1991 | Electricity1991，，1： | 0 |
| 17 | Investigation and Evaluation on Heavy Metal Content and Pesticide Residues of Three Edible Forest Products in Central Sichuan Province显示文摘Taking three mains edibles products(walnut, prickly ash and bamboo shoots) and origin soil in central area of Sichuan Province as the study objects, this research aimed at revealing the level of heavy metals and pesticide residue and comprehensive evaluation the soil heavy metal pollution in the region. The results showed that: ① Soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and heavy metal contents of mercury, arsenic in the south area were significant higher than that in the north area, while the heavy metal contents of lead and copper were significantly higher in the north area; ② The pollution index of six heavy metals of cadmium, mercury, arsenic, lead, chromium and copper in the producing area was less than 1.0. However, the integrated pollution index was at a warning level, and there was a potential risk of cadmium contamination; ③ The walnut samples exceeded the lead limit value over 75% in the north area and over 35% in the south area, and the same as 30% of bamboo shoot samples; ④ There was a significant negative correlation of mercury content between walnut samples and production soil, and a significant positive correlation of arsenic content between bamboo shoots and production soil. In addition, there is no significant correlation of heavy metal contents between prickly samples and production soil; ⑤ Fenthion residues were detected in walnuts, malathion samples were detected in prickly ash, and chlorothalonil, dimethoate and chlorpyrifos residues in bamboo shoots samples. None of theses pesticide residues exceeded the standard limit value. In general, the soil is in well sanitary condition and the edible forest products are not exposed to the contamination of pesticide residues in the study area. The quality and safety of the prickly ash is good while the walnut and bamboo shoots have certain risks in terms of high lead level. | Yan PENG Juan YAO | 2019 | Agricultural Biotechnology2019，8，2： | 0 |
| 18 | NEW YEAR'S ROUNDUP Welcome 2015 with a bang显示文摘PARTIES DJ Santo Chino DADA isn't messing around for their New Year S Eve party,that's for sure.Santo Chino'been amassing quite the following over the past year with his monthly Same As It Ever Was party.He takes t back to the basics with his all-vinyl sets that feature nothing but incredible music from disco to rock to funk.1 Dec 31 lpm-late,free entry.DADA 115 XingfuLu,by. | BETTY RICHARDSON ANDREW CHIN | 2014 | 城市漫步(上海版、英文)2014，，12： | 0 |
| 19 | LIFE&STYLE显示文摘For those who dont know you,Whats lalu?lalu is a natural skincare line made of 100 percent natural ingredients such as butters and essential oils.Most of the ingredients are actually edible! | | 2016 | 城市漫步(上海版、英文)2016，，1： | 0 |
| 20 | Diversity of Gasteromycetes in Rajasthan,India-Ⅱ显示文摘In an attempt to elucidate the gasteromycetes flora of the State of Rajasthan,India,extensive mycofloristic surveys were carried out to record the occurrence of diverse fungi on a wide range of substrates,habitats and environment conditions.Taxonomic descriptions of six species of gasteromycetes resulted from the surveys are presented herein viz.Bovista limosa,B.pusilla,Pisolithus albus,P.arrhizus,Scleroderma bovista and S.citrinum.All the taxa are new records for Rajasthan. | Chouhan R Panwar C | 2021 | Studies in Fungi2021，6，1： | 0 |
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