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| 1 | Fundamental Framework and Experiments of the ThirdGeneration of IAP/LASG World OceanGeneral Circulation Model显示文摘1.IntroductionThefirstbaroclinicoceanicgeneralcirculationmodel(OGCM)developedattheStateKeyLaboratoryofNumericalModelingforAtmosphericSciencesandGeophysicalFluidDynamics(LASG),InstituteofAtmosphericPhysics(IAP)isafour--layermodelwithitshorizontalresol... | 金向泽 张学洪 周天军 | 1999 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1999，16，2： | 114 |
| 2 | An Eddy-Permitting Oceanic General Circulation Model and Its Preliminary Evaluation显示文摘An eddy-permitting, quasi-global oceanic general circulation model, LICOM (LASG/IAP (State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics) Climate System Ocean Model), with a uniform grid of 0.5? × 0.5? is established. Forced by wind stresses from Hellerman and Rosenstain (1983), a 40-yr integration is conducted with sea surface temperature and salinity being restored to the Levitus 94 datasets. The evaluation of the annual mean climatology of the LICOM control run shows that the large-scale circulation can be well reproduced. A comparison between the LICOM control run and a parallel integration of L30T63, which has the same framework but a coarse resolution, is also made to con?rm the impact of resolution on the model performance. On account of the reduction of horizontal viscosity with the enhancement of the horizontal resolution, LICOM improves the simulation with respect to not only the intensity of the large scale circulations, but also the magnitude and structure of the Equatorial Undercurrent and South Equatorial Current. Taking advantage of the ?ne grid size, the pathway of the Indonesian Through?ow (ITF) is better represented in LICOM than in L30T63. The transport of ITF in LICOM is more convergent in the upper layer. As a consequence, the Indian Ocean tends to get warmer in LICOM. The poleward heat transports for both the global and individual basins are also signi?cantly improved in LICOM. A decomposed analysis indicates that the transport due to the barotropic gyre, which primarily stands for the barotropic e?ect of the western boundary currents, plays a crucial role in making the di?erence. | 刘海龙 张学洪 李薇 俞永强 宇如聪 | 2004 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2004，21，5： | 68 |
| 3 | Description of A Nine-Level Grid Point Atmospheric General Circulation Model显示文摘A brief description of a nine-level grid-point global atmospheric general circulation model is presented with the emphasis on the physics parameterizations.This model was developed by the modeling group from Institute of Atmospheric Physics as one task of the CO2-Climate cooperation project between Chinese Academy of Sciences and United States Department of Energy.The task was initiated by Qing-Cun Zeng (IAP) and Robert D.Cess (SUNY).The operational design,computer coding and climate simulation tuning of the model were mainly carried out by Xue-Hong Zhang (for dynamics,and the author (for physics) in SUNY at Stony Brook.The final version was frozen in September 1990.Preliminary diagnoses showed that the model reproduces principal features of the observed | 梁信忠 | 1996 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1996，13，3： | 62 |
| 4 | A Nine-layer Atmospheric General Circulation Model and Its Performance显示文摘ANine-layerAtmosphericGeneralCirculationModelandItsPerformanceWuGuoxiong(吴国雄),LiuHui(刘辉),ZhaoYucheng(赵宇澄),andLiWeiping(李伟平),(... | 吴国雄 刘辉 赵宇澄 李伟平 | 1996 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1996，13，1： | 59 |
| 5 | On the Onset of the South China Sea Summer Monsoon in 1998显示文摘Through analyzing the NCEP/ NCAR reanalysis data, the satellite observational data and the ATLAS-2 mooring buoy observational data, it is shown that May 21 is the onset date of the South China Sea summer monsoon in 1998. There were abrupt variations in the general circulation pattern at the lower troposphere and the upper troposphere, in upper hi stream location and in the convection and rainfall over the South China Sea region corresponding to the outbreak of the South China Sea summer monsoon. It is also indicated that there was rainfall in the southern China coastal region before onset of summer monsoon, but it resulted from the (cold) front activity and cannot be regarded as the sign of summer monsoon outbreak in the South China Sea. | 李崇银 吴静波 | 2000 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2000，17，2： | 23 |
| 6 | 基于GPRS的远程数据的无线传输显示文摘提出一个基于GPRS(G enera l Packet R ad io Serv ice)网络的远程数据传输方案,将远端的各种传感器数据及时发送给监控中心,同时实现了远程控制、远程唤醒等移动终端的功能,监视被监控点的动态信息,并给出了数据链接的AT命令和数据传输时间的实验数据. | 陈够喜 张永梅 王博 | 2006 | 中北大学学报(自然科学版)2006，27，3： | 18 |
| 7 | Comprehensive and innovative techniques for laparoscopic choledocholithotomy:A surgical guide to successfully accomplish this advanced manipulation显示文摘Surgeries for benign diseases of the extrahepatic bile duct(EHBD) are classified as lithotomy(i.e., choledocholithotomy) or diversion(i.e.,choledochojejunostomy). Because of technical challenges, laparoscopic approaches for these surgeries have not gained worldwide popularity. The right upper quadrant of the abdomen is advantageous for laparoscopic procedures,and laparoscopic choledochojejunostomy is safe and feasible. Herein, we summarize tips and pitfalls in the actual procedures of choledocholithotomy.Laparoscopic choledocholithotomy with primary closure of the transductal incision and transcystic C-tube drainage has excellent clinical outcomes;however, emergent biliary drainage without endoscopic sphincterotomy and preoperative removal of anesthetic risk factors are required. Elastic suture should never be ligated directly on the cystic duct. Interrupted suture placement is the first choice for hemostasis near the EHBD. To prevent progressive laceration of the EHBD, full-layer interrupted sutures are placed at the upper and lower edges of the transductal incision. Cholangioscopy has only two-way operation; using dedicated forceps to atraumatically grasp the cholangioscope is important for smart maneuvering. The duration of intraoperative stone clearance accounts for most of the operative time. Moreover, dedicated forceps are an important instrument for atraumatic grasping of the cholangioscope. Damage to the cholangioscope requires expensive repair. Laparoscopic approach for choledocholithotomy involves technical difficulties. I hope this document with the visual explanation and literature review will be informative for skillful surgeons. | Tomohide Hori | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，13： | 18 |
| 8 | Diagnostic Study on Seasonality and Interannual Variability of Wind Field显示文摘Based on NCEP/ NCAR reanalysis data during 1980-1994, seasonality and interannual variability of the horizontal wind field are studied. It is shown that: (1) In the lower troposphere,there exist regions with maximum of seasonality in the tropics, the subtropics and high latitudes,which is called the tropicat subtropical and temperate-frigid monsoon region respectively. In theupper troposphere, the subtropical monsoon combines with the tropical monsoon as anonseparably planetary monsoon system. In the stratosphere, there is a belt with very largeseasonality in each hemisphere caused by the inversely seasonal circulation and by the establishment and collapse of the night jet. (2) Seasonal variation of the large-scale monsoon may generallybe attributed to that of the zonal wind, however, seasonal variation of the meridional wind is ofgreat importanee in East Asian monsoon region. (3) In monsoon region, interannual variability ofthe atmospheric general circulation is closely related to seasonal variation of monsoon, while in thetropical Pacific, it may considerably be influenced by the external factors such as sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies associnted with El Nino or La Nina event. Moreover, interannual variability undetgoes a pronounced annual cycle. | 薛峰 曾庆存 | 1999 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1999，16，4： | 15 |
| 9 | Narrowband imaging method for spatial precession cone-shaped targets显示文摘The imaging method of the mid-course missile is the key technique of the missile defense system.Because of the special precession character of the ballistic missile warhead,the inverse synthetic aperture radar method cannot realize phase compensation with the constant phase offset function,which leads to blurring of the image.In this paper,we propose a new narrowband radar imaging method for the precession cone-shaped targets.The method acquires the Doppler modulation of the precession target's scattering centers with high resolution time-frequency analysis method and extracts the Doppler parameter from the result of the time-frequency analysis with the general Radon transform,then reconstructs the scattering centers positions in the parameter domain.The experiment results with the anechoic chamber data of the representative cone-shaped object showed the effectiveness of the method. | DING XiaoFeng1,FAN MeiMei1,WEI XiZhang1,LI Xiang1 & Xiao HuaiTie2 1 Institute of Space Electronics Information Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China 2 School of Electronic Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，4： | 14 |
| 10 | Effect of subarachnoid anesthesia combined with propofol targetcontrolled infusion on blood loss and transfusion for posterior total hip arthroplasty in elderly patients显示文摘Background:Intravertebral and general anesthesia(GA)are two main anesthesia approaches but both have defects.This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of subarachnoid anesthesia combined with propofol target-controlled infusion(TCI)on blood loss and transfusion for total hip arthroplasty(THA)in elderly patients in comparison with combined spinal-epidural anesthesia(CSEA)or GA.Methods:Totally,240 patients(aged>65 years,American Society of Anesthesiologists[ASA]I-III)scheduled for posterior THA were enrolled from September 1st,2017 to March 1st,2018.All cases were randomly divided into three groups to receive CSEA(group C,w=80),GA(group G,n=80),or subarachnoid anesthesia and propofol TCI(group T,w=80),respectively.Primary outcomes measured were intra-operative blood loss,autologous and allogeneic blood transfusion,mean arterial pressure at different time points,length of stay in post-anesthesia care unit(PACU),length of hospital stay,and patient satisfaction degree.Furthermore,post-operative pain scores and complications were also observed.The difference of quantitative index between groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance,repeated measurement generalized linear model,Student-Newman-Keuls test or rank-sum test,while ratio index was analyzed by Chi-square test or Fisher exact test.Results:Basic characteristics were comparable among the three groups.Intra-operative blood loss in group T(331.53±64.33 mL)and group G(308.03±64.90 mL)were significantly less than group C(455.40±120.48 mL,F=65.80,P<0.001).Similarly,the autologous transfusion of group T(130.99±30.36 mL)and group G(124.09±24.34 mL)were also markedly less than group C(178.31±48.68 mL,F=52.99,P<0.001).The allogenetic blood transfusion of group C(0[0,100.00])was also significantly larger than group T(0)and group G(0)(Z=2.47,P=0.047).Except for the baseline,there were significant differences in mean arterial blood pressures before operation(F=496.84,P<0.001),10-min after the beginning of operation(F=351.43,P<0.001),30-min after the beginning of operation(F=559.89,P<0.001),50-min after the beginning of operation(F=374.74,P<0.001),and at the end of operation(F=26.14,P<0.001)among the three groups.Length of stay in PACU of group T(9.41±1.19 min)was comparable with group C(8.83±1.26 min),and both were significantly shorter than group G(16.55±3.10 min,F=352.50,P<0.001).There were no significant differences among the three groups in terms of length of hospitalization and post-operative visual analog scale scores.Patient satisfaction degree of group T(77/80)was significantly higher than group C(66/80,%=7.96,P=0.004)and G(69/80,/2=5.01,P=0.025).One patient complained of post-dural puncture headache and two complained of low back pain in group C,while none in group T.Incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting in group G(10/80)was significantly higher than group T(3/80,/2=4.10,P=0.043)and group C(2/80,x2=5.76,P=0.016).No deep vein thrombosis or delayed post-operative functional exercise was detected.Conclusions:Single subarachnoid anesthesia combined with propofol TCI seems to perform better than CSEA and GA for posterior THA in elderly patients,with less blood loss and peri-operative transfusion,higher patient satisfaction degree and fewer complications.Trial registration:chictr.org.cn:ChiCTR-IPR-17013461;http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=23024. | Cheng-Shi Xu Xiang-Dong Qu Zhi-Jun Qu Geng Wang Huai-Jiang Wang | 2020 | Chinese Medical Journal2020，，6： | 13 |
| 11 | Central obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease risk after adjusting for body mass index显示文摘AIM:To investigate whether central obesity is associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) formation after adjusting for general obesity.METHODS:The online databases Pub Med,EMBASE,and ISI Web of Science were searched for studies estimating the influence of central obesity on NAFLD occurrence published through April 2014.Studies that did not adjust for body mass index(BMI) were excluded.In addition,the independent effect of BMI was also assessed with the included studies.The pooled effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) were calculated using random- or fixed-effects models based on the degree of heterogeneity.Furthermore,subgroup analyses,meta-regression,sensitivity analyses,and publication bias were performed.RESULTS:Twenty eligible studies were identified.The summary odds ratio(OR) values per-unit increase in waist circumference(WC) and BMI for NAFLD formation were 1.07(95%CI:1.03-1.10,I2 = 73.9%,n = 11 studies) and 1.25(95%CI:1.13-1.38,I2 = 88.7%,n = 11 studies),respectively.When the indices were expressed as binary variables(with the non-obesity group as reference),the pooled OR in WC,waist-tohip ratio,and BMI were 2.34(95%CI:1.83-3.00,I2 = 41.8%,n = 7 studies),4.06(95%CI:1.53-10.79,I2 = 65.7%,n = 3 studies),and 2.85(95%CI:1.60-5.08,I2 = 57.8%,n = 5 studies),respectively.Using the same studies as the latter(n = 5),pooled OR in WC was 3.14(95%CI:2.07-4.77),which is greater than that in BMI.CONCLUSION:Central obesity may pose a greater threat to national health than general obesity,although both are independently associated with increased risk of NAFLD. | Qing Pang Jing-Yao Zhang Si-Dong Song Kai Qu Xin-Sen Xu Su-Shun Liu Chang Liu | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，5： | 13 |
| 12 | Global change and climate-vegetation classification显示文摘Three phrases of the quantitative study of climate-vegetation classification and their characteristics are presented based on the review of advance in climate-vegetation interaction, a key issue of 'global change and terrestrial ecosystems (GCTE)' which is the core project of International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP): (i) characterized by the correlation between natural vegetation types and climate; (? characterized by climatic indices which have obviously been restricted to plant ecophysiology; (iii) characterized by coupling both structure and function of vegetation. Thus, the prospective of climate-vegetation classification for global change study in China was proposed, especially the study coupling climate-vegetation classification models with atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) was emphasized. | Guangsheng Zhou Yuhui Wang | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，7： | 12 |
| 13 | New concept and new theory of mobility calculation for multi-loop mechanisms显示文摘In 2005,Gogu,a Frenchman,analyzed 35 different existing formulas for mobility calculation and pointed that the formulas for quick mobility calculation had some limitations and were not general.Therefore,looking for a general and simple mobility formula is still a hot topic in mechanisms.At the meantime,it is also an important topic to complete the mechanism theory.Gogu proposed a new method that can avoid determining virtual constraints in 2008,but the method is still not general.To solve the problem,this paper defines the new concepts of link-group rank,general-kinematic-pair rank,virtual pair,virtual loop,and virtual-loop rank,and gives a new simple and general formula.Our method converts multi-loop mechanisms into some independent virtual loops,simplifies the problem,avoids calculating virtual constraints,and reduces the calculation difficulty.It is proved that the new formula is simple,general and effective through the mobility analysis of several different kinds of mechanisms.The application of this formula will provide great convenience for general engineers in mobility calculation. | ZHANG YiTong & MU DeJun Mechanical Engineering College of Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China | 2010 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2010，53，6： | 12 |
| 14 | Toward a general evaluation model for soil respiration (GEMSR)显示文摘Soil respiration is an important component of terrestrial carbon budget. Its accurate evaluation is es- sential to the study of terrestrial carbon source/sink. Studies on soil respiration at present mostly focus on the temporal variations and the controlling factors of soil respiration, but its spatial variations and controlling factors draw less attention. Moreover, the evaluation models for soil respiration at present include only the effects of water and heat factors, while the biological and soil factors controlling soil respiration and their interactions with water and heat factors have not been considered yet. These models are not able to accurately evaluate soil respiration in different vegetation/terrestrial ecosystems at different temporal and spatial scales. Thus, a general evaluation model for soil respiration (GEMSR) including the interacting meteorological (water and heat factors), soil nutrient and biological factors is suggested in this paper, and the basic procedure developing GEMSR and the research tasks of soil respiration in the future are also discussed. | ZHOU GuangSheng, JIA BingRui, HAN GuangXuan & ZHOU Li Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China | 2008 | Science China(Life Sciences)2008，51，3： | 12 |
| 15 | 基于广义相关系数自适应随机共振的液压泵振动信号预处理方法显示文摘针对液压泵故障振动信号信噪比低,故障特征难以提取的问题,对液压泵振动信号预处理方法进行研究。针对现有自适应随机共振优化算法及其目标函数存在的问题,将量子遗传算法(Quantum Genetic Algorithm,QGA)引入自适应随机共振中,提出一种改进的自适应随机共振的信号预处理方法。该方法以广义相关系数为目标函数,采用QGA算法对随机共振系统的结构参数进行优化,从而实现对信号的降噪预处理。仿真及实验结果表明,该方法能够有效提取强噪声背景下的液压泵振动信号频率特征,是液压泵故障特征提取及故障诊断中信号预处理的有效方法,可进一步发展至实际工程应用。 | 经哲 郭利 | 2016 | 振动与冲击2016，35，16： | 11 |
| 16 | A Survey of the Research Status of Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Systems Based on Inertial Sensors显示文摘With the development of micro-electromechanical systems(MEMS), miniaturized, low-power and low-cost inertial measurement units(IMUs) have been widely integrated into mobile terminals and smart wearable devices. This provides the prospect of a broad application for the inertial sensor-based pedestrian dead-reckoning(IPDR) systems. Especially for indoor navigation and indoor positioning, the IPDR systems have many unique advantages that other methods do not have. At present, a large number of technologies and methods for IPDR systems are proposed. In this paper, we have analyzed and outlined the IPDR systems based on about 80 documents in the field of IPDR in recent years. The article is structured in the form of an introduction-elucidation-conclusion framework. First, we proposed a general framework to explore the structure of an IPDR system. Then, according to this framework, the IPDR system was divided into six relatively independent sub-problems, which were discussed and summarized separately. Finally, we proposed a graph structure of IPDR systems, and a sub-directed graph, formed by selecting a combined path from the start node to the end node, skillfully constitutes a technical route of one specific IPDR system. At the end of the article, we summarized some key issues that need to be resolved before the IPDR systems are widely used. | Yuan Wu Hai-Bing Zhu Qing-Xiu Du Shu-Ming Tang | 2019 | International Journal of Automation and computing2019，16，1： | 10 |
| 17 | DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF INTERDECADAL CHANGES OF THE SUMMER MONSOON IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA显示文摘The onset dates and intensities for the South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon over the past 51 years are established using the reanalyzed gridpoint data of NCEP and SST data from 1950 to 2000.As is shown in the t test,the activities of the SCS monsoon (including the dates of onset and intensities) experienced a significant interdecadal change in the mid-1970s.The monsoon activity is closely related with the anomalies of the general circulation in the mid- and higher-latitudes but it is not related with those of the SST in tropical oceans before 1975.After 1975,the onset is earlier and the intensity is weaker and the SST anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean have significant impacts on the activity of the SCS summer monsoon.These significant changes are thought to be associated with the interdecadal variation of SST over the oceans. | 梁建茵 吴尚森 | 2003 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2003，17，S1： | 10 |
| 18 | General Optimality and General Admissibility of Linear Estimates on the Mean Matrix显示文摘In this note, as an example, we introduoe a definition of general optimality in estimating a linear estimable function Sk×p (S’ μ(X’)) of the mean matrix in multivariate linear model: Yn×m=Xn×p +ε E(ε)=0, Cov( )=σ2Un×n Vm×m, n≥m. In general, the general optimality of a parametric matrix follows analogously. The above X, S, U≥0 and V≥0 (but V≠0) are known matrix, and σ2>0 are unknown parameters, =(ε1’, ε2’, …, εn’)’, where εi is the ith row of ε, U V denotes the | 谢民育 张尧庭 | 1993 | Chinese Science Bulletin1993，38，13： | 9 |
| 19 | Direction synthesis in DOA estimation for monostatic multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar based on synthetic impulse and aperture radar (SIAR) and its performance analysis显示文摘A new direction synthetic method for monostatic multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar is presented based on synthetic impulse and aperture radar (SIAR) system. Concerned with the monostatic MIMO radar which simultaneously emits orthogonal signals with multi-carrier-frequency and possesses sparsely distributed transmitting and receiving arrays with respective location, as well as the situation for the presence of multipath propagation in the low flying target’s echo, the method integrates the aperture of the transmitting arrays with the receiving arrays to form the digital beam-forming (DBF) in azimuth and elevation dimensions. And a study has been made of planar general MUSIC algorithm based on decorrelating the multipath signals of multi-carrier-frequency MIMO radar. Through compensat-ing the phase delay of both the transmitting and the receiving arrays and synthe-sizing the transmitting beam in two dimensions at the receiver, the angular resolu-tion and measurement accuracy are improved and the computational complexity is reduced after transforming the three-dimensional (3D) parameter estimation prob-lem into a two-dimensional (2D) one. Finally, the Cramer-Rao Bounds (CRBs) of DOA estimation for azimuth and elevation is put forward with the exsiting multipath propagation. Results of computer simulation demonstrate the validity of the new method. | ZHAO GuangHui CHEN BaiXiao ZHU ShouPing | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，6： | 9 |
| 20 | Evaluation of the effect of geometrical parameters on stope probability of failure in the open stoping method using numerical modeling显示文摘Stress-induced failure is among the most common causes of instability in Canadian deep underground mines.Open stoping is the most widely practiced underground excavation method in these mines,and creates large stopes which are subjected to stress-induced failure.The probability of failure(POF)depends on many factors,of which the geometry of an open stope is especially important.In this study,a methodology is proposed to assess the effect of stope geometrical parameters on the POF,using numerical modelling.Different ranges for each input parameter are defined according to previous surveys on open stope geometry in a number of Canadian underground mines.A Monte-Carlo simulation technique is combined with the finite difference code FLAC3D,to generate model realizations containing stopes with different geometrical features.The probability of failure(POF)for different categories of stope geometry,is calculated by considering two modes of failure;relaxation-related gravity driven(tensile)failure and rock mass brittle failure.The individual and interactive effects of stope geometrical parameters on the POF,are analyzed using a general multi-level factorial design.Finally,mathematical optimization techniques are employed to estimate the most stable stope conditions,by determining the optimal ranges for each stope’s geometrical parameter. | Shahriyar Heidarzadeh Ali Saeidi Alain Rouleau | 2019 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2019，29，3： | 9 |
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