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| 1 | Big Earth Data science:an information framework for a sustainable planet显示文摘The digital transformation of our society coupled with the increasing exploitation of natural resources makes sustainability challenges more complex and dynamic than ever before.These changes will unlikely stop or even decelerate in the near future.There is an urgent need for a new scientific approach and an advanced form of evidence-based decisionmaking towards the benefit of society,the economy,and the environment.To understand the impacts and interrelationships between humans as a society and natural Earth system processes,we propose a new engineering discipline,Big Earth Data science.This science is called to provide the methodologies and tools to generate knowledge from diverse,numerous,and complex data sources necessary to ensure a sustainable human society essential for the preservation of planet Earth.Big Earth Data science aims at utilizing data from Earth observation and social sensing and develop theories for understanding the mechanisms of how such a social-physical system operates and evolves.The manuscript introduces the universe of discourse characterizing this new science,its foundational paradigms and methodologies,and a possible technological framework to be implemented by applying an ecosystem approach.CASEarth and GEOSS are presented as examples of international implementation attempts.Conclusions discuss important challenges and collaboration opportunities. | Huadong Guo Stefano Nativi Dong Liang Max Craglia Lizhe Wang Sven Schade Christina Corban Guojin He Martino Pesaresi Jianhui Li Zeeshan Shirazi Jie Liu Alessandro Annoni | 2020 | International Journal of Digital Earth2020，13，7： | 12 |
| 2 | Digital Earth 2020:towards the vision for the next decade显示文摘This position paper is the outcome of a brainstorming workshop organised by the International Society for Digital Earth(ISDE)in Beijing in March 2011.It argues that the vision of Digital Earth(DE)put forward by Vice-President Al Gore 13 years ago needs to be re-evaluated in the light of the many developments in the fields of information technology,data infrastructures and earth observation that have taken place since.The paper identifies the main policy,scientific and societal drivers for the development of DE and illustrates the multi-faceted nature of a new vision of DE grounding it with a few examples of potential applications.Because no single organisation can on its own develop all the aspects of DE,it is essential to develop a series of collaborations at the global level to turn the vision outlined in this paper into reality. | Max Craglia Kees de Bie Davina Jackson Martino Pesaresi Gabor Remetey-Fulopp Changlin Wang Alessandro Annoni Ling Bian Fred Campbell Manfred Ehlers John van Genderen Michael Goodchild Huadong Guo Anthony Lewis Richard Simpson Andrew Skidmore Peter Woodgate | 2012 | International Journal of Digital Earth2012，5，1： | 8 |
| 3 | 云技术支持下地理信息系统的发展(一)显示文摘网络的发展为GIS提供了机遇和挑战,它改变了GIS数据信息的获取、传输、发布、共享、应用及可视化等过程和方式,为GIS数据在WWW上提供了方便的信息发布与共享方式。随着Internet技术的不断发展和人们对地理信息系统(GIS)的需求,Web-GIS已经成为GIS发展的必然趋势。云计就是一个透过网络将庞大的待处理的程序自动分拆成无数个较小的子程序,再交由多部服务器所组成的庞大系统,经搜索、计算分析后将处理结果回传给用户的技术。随着云技术的出现,以及Internet在GIS领域的不断发展与应用,建立在云框架下的地理信息系统软件平台进入了我们的视野。云技术的出现为人类收集全球地理信息提供了强有力的支持,云在全球地球观测系统中的应用将促进该系统在全球范围内的发展,云技术与自发式地理信息系统的结合更是为地理信息的收集提供了一种崭新的途径。 | 沈毅 王红 | 2010 | 市场论坛2010，，12： | 6 |
| 4 | GEOSS条件下固体地球灾害的广义遥感监测显示文摘地质灾害、地震灾害与矿山灾害是中国的主要固体地球灾害,地壳运动变化与岩石受力灾变是固体地球灾害发生的根源。通过分析岩石受力灾变辐射异常实验研究及固体地球灾害遥感监测实践研究的国内外现状,提出了综合多种电磁与非电磁手段,构建全方位、多层次的卫星-航空-地表-地下四位一体、立体协同的广义遥感监测体系。论述了突破经典遥感信息融合的局限,从时间、空间和物理尺度研究和挖掘广义遥感信息中多种物理量之间及岩石灾变前兆之间的内在机理与关联规律的必要性。为提高固体地球灾害前兆识别的可行性与可靠性,分析了在GEOSS条件下构建固体地球灾害广义遥感监测体系的有利契机和若干前沿问题,包括广义遥感信息融合理论、固体地球灾害前兆识别模型等。 | 吴立新 刘善军 | 2007 | 科技导报2007，25，6： | 6 |
| 5 | 未来对地观测协作与防灾减灾显示文摘介绍一种跨国家、跨组织的综合、持续、协同的分布式对地观测系统(GEOSS)和国际对地观测政府间协调组(GEO)的源起,以及GEO的组织机构、相关活动、《华盛顿宣言》、《GEOSS十年实施计划》、《GEOSS十年实施计划指南文本》、《GEO 2006年度工作计划》、《GEO UIC 2006年工作任务》等;分析GEOSS与防灾减灾的关系。最后介绍GEO成员国美国、欧盟、中国及国际组织WMO、IEEE在构建GEOSS方面所做的努力与成绩,并指出加强国内对地观测相关部门、单位与研究小组之间协作与数据共享对提高中国防灾减灾能力的重要性。 | 吴立新 李德仁 | 2006 | 地理与地理信息科学2006，22，3： | 5 |
| 6 | Towards a knowledge base to support global change policy goals显示文摘In 2015,it was adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to end poverty,protect the planet and ensure that all people enjoy peace and prosperity.The year after,17 Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)officially came into force.In 2015,GEO(Group on Earth Observation)declared to support the implementation of SDGs.The GEO Global Earth Observation System of Systems(GEOSS)required a change of paradigm,moving from a data-centric approach to a more knowledge-driven one.To this end,the GEO System-of-Systems(SoS)framework may refer to the well-known Data-Information-Knowledge-Wisdom(DIKW)paradigm.In the context of an Earth Observation(EO)SoS,a set of main elements are recognized as connecting links for generating knowledge from EO and non-EO data–e.g.social and economic datasets.These elements are:Essential Variables(EVs),Indicators and Indexes,Goals and Targets.Their generation and use requires the development of a SoS KB whose management process has evolved the GEOSS Software Ecosystem into a GEOSS Social Ecosystem.This includes:collect,formalize,publish,access,use,and update knowledge.ConnectinGEO project analysed the knowledge necessary to recognize,formalize,access,and use EVs.The analysis recognized GEOSS gaps providing recommendations on supporting global decision-making within and across different domains. | Stefano Nativi Mattia Santoro Gregory Giuliani Paolo Mazzetti | 2020 | International Journal of Digital Earth2020，13，2： | 5 |
| 7 | Exploring the depths of the global earth observation system of systems显示文摘This paper explores for the first time the contents,structure and relationships across institutions and disciplines of a global Big Earth Data cyber-infrastructure:the Global Earth Observation System of System(GEOSS).The analysis builds on 1.8 million metadata records harvested in GEOSS.Because this set includes almost all the major large data collections in GEOSS,the analysis represents more than 80%of all the data made available through this global system.We explore two major aspects:the collaborative networks and the thematic coverage in GEOSS.The first connects the contributing organisations through the more than 200,000 keywords used in the systems,and then explores who is citing whom,a proxy for of institutional thickness.The thematic coverage is analysed through neural network algorithms,first on the keywords,and then on the corpus of 653 million lemmatised lower case words built from the titles and abstracts of all 1.8 million metadata records.The findings not only give a good overview of the GEOSS data universe,but offer immediate priorities on how to increase the usability of GEOSS through improved data management,and the opportunity to augment the metadata with high level concept that synthetise well the contents of the data-set. | Max Craglia Jiri Hradec Stefano Nativi Mattia Santoro | 2017 | Big Earth Data2017，1，1： | 5 |
| 8 | GEOSS背景下的农业遥感监测显示文摘当前在GEOSS背景下,对国际地观测已经进入的广义遥感时代,农业遥感监测也应该适应这种变化,抓住有利契机,深化研究与应用。该文介绍了GEOSS的产生背景及其框架的主要内容,并建议在GEOSS背景下,加强我国农业遥感监测,建立更加高效可靠的农业遥感监测系统,为区域及国家粮食安全及可持续发展提供信息服务与决策支持。特别是应该加强多传感器组网与虚拟组网技术、数据同化技术等关键技术的研究与应用,加强国际交流与合作,促进我国农业遥感监测技术创新与进步。 | 陈仲新 | 2012 | 中国农业资源与区划2012，33，4： | 4 |
| 9 | 云技术支持下地理信息系统的发展(二)显示文摘网络的发展为GIS提供了机遇和挑战,它改变了GIS数据信息的获取、传输、发布、共享、应用及可视化等过程和方式,为GIS数据在WWW上提供了方便的信息发布与共享方式。随着Internet技术的不断发展和人们对地理信息系统(GIS)的需求,Web-GIS已经成为GIS发展的必然趋势。云计就是一个透过网络将庞大的待处理的程序自动分拆成无数个较小的子程序,再交由多部服务器所组成的庞大系统,经搜索、计算分析后将处理结果回传给用户的技术。随着云技术的出现,以及Internet在GIS领域的不断发展与应用,建立在云框架下的地理信息系统软件平台进入了我们的视野。云技术的出现为人类收集全球地理信息提供了强有力的支持,云在全球地球观测系统中的应用将促进该系统在全球范围内的发展,云技术与自发式地理信息系统的结合更是为地理信息的收集提供了一种崭新的途径。 | 沈毅 王红 | 2011 | 市场论坛2011，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Which variables are essential for renewable energies?显示文摘Essential Variables are defined as a minimal set of variables that explain the state of the system.They are crucial for predicting its developments,and support metrics that measure its evolution.The variables should be relevant to meet requirements of stakeholders and be technically and economically feasible for systematic observation.A definition of Essential Renewable Energies Variables is proposed linked with their identification in several domains in renewable energy using a bottom-up and userdriven approach,and spanning over several years of documented interaction with stakeholders.Lists of variables are proposed in hydropower,solar,wind,and marine energies.It does not comprise the variables relating to social and economic aspects supporting decision making in investment nor those relating to civil engineering that are needed to erect a plant or farm. | Thierry Ranchin Mélodie Trolliet Lionel Ménard Lucien Wald | 2020 | International Journal of Digital Earth2020，13，2： | 0 |
| 11 | Publishing China satellite data on the GEOSS Platform显示文摘This paper is the first of a series that describes some of the main dataset resources presently shared through the GEOSS Platform.The GEOSS Platform has been created to provide the technological tool to implement the Global Earth Observation System of Systems(GEOSS);it is a brokering infrastructure that presently brokers more than 190 autonomous data catalogs and information systems.The paper analyses the China Satellite datasets and describes the data publishing process from China GEOSS Data Provider to the GEOSS Platform considering both administrative registration as well as the technical registration.The China Satellite datasets are considered as one of the most important satellite data shared by the GEOSS Platform.The analysis provides some insights as well about GEOSS user searches for China Satellite datasets. | Roberto Roncella Lianchong Zhang Enrico Boldrini Mattia Santoro Paolo Mazzetti Stefano Nativi | 2023 | Big Earth Data2023，7，2： | 0 |
| 12 | Publishing NextGEOSS data on the GEOSS Platform显示文摘This paper is the second of a series that describes some of the main dataset resources presently shared through the GEOSS Platform. The GEOSS Platform was created as the technological tool to implement interoperability among the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS);it is a brokering infrastructure that presently brokers more than 190 autonomous data catalogs and information systems. This paper is focused on the analysis of the NextGEOSS datasets describing the data publishing process from NextGEOSS to the GEOSS platform. In particular, both the administrative registration and the technical registration were taken into consideration. One of the most important data shared by the GEOSS Platform are the NextGEOSS datasets: the present study provides some insights in terms of GEOSS user searches for NextGEOSS data. | Roberto Roncella Enrico Boldrini Mattia Santoro Paolo Mazzetti João Andrade Nuno Catarino Stefano Nativi | 2023 | Big Earth Data2023，7，2： | 0 |
| 13 | Publishing Eurac Research data on the GEOSS Platform显示文摘This paper is the third of a series that introduces some of the main dataset resources presently shared through the GEOSS Platform. The GEOSS Platform is a brokering infrastructure that brokers more than 190 autonomous information systems and data catalogs;it was created to provide the technological tool to implement the Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS). This manuscript focuses on the analysis of Eurac Research datasets and illustrates the data publishing process to enroll the Eurac Research Data Provider to the GEOSS Platform through the administrative and technical registrations. The study provides an analysis of the GEOSS user searches for Eurac Research data in order to understand the main use of datasets of an important Data Provider. | Roberto Roncella Bartolomeo Ventura Andrea Vianello Enrico Boldrini Mattia Santoro Paolo Mazzetti Stefano Nativi | 2023 | Big Earth Data2023，7，2： | 0 |
| 14 | GEOSS Platform data content and use显示文摘The GEOSS Platform is a key contribution to the goal of building the Global Earth Observation System of Systems(GEOSS).It enables a harmonized discovery and access of Earth observation data,shared online by heterogeneous organizations worldwide.This work analyzes both what is made available in the GEOSS Platform by the data providers and how users are utilizing it including multiyear trends,updating a previous analysis published in 2017.The present statistics derive from a 2021 EOValue report funded by the European Commission.The offer of GEOSS Platform data has been the object of various analyses,including data provider characterization,data sharing trends,and data characterization(comprising metadata quality analysis,thematic analysis,responsible party identification,spatial–temporal coverage).GEOSS data demand has also been the object of several analyses,including data consumer characterization,utilization trends,and requested data characterization(comprising thematic analysis,spatial–temporal coverage,and popularity).Among thefindings,a large amount of shared data,mostly from satellite sources,emerges with an issue of low metadata quality and related discovery match.Moreover,the trend in usage is decreasing.Therefore,the progressive disconnection of the GEOSS platform from its data Providers and Users and other possible causes are also reported. | Enrico Boldrini Stefano Nativi Jiri Hradec Mattia Santoro Paolo Mazzetti Max Craglia | 2023 | International Journal of Digital Earth2023，16，1： | 0 |
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