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| 1 | WJD 5^(th) Anniversary Special Issues(2): Type 2 diabetes Type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: Have all risk factors the same strength?显示文摘Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that occurs when the body cannot produce enough or effectively use of insulin.Compared with individuals without diabetes,patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus have a considerably higher risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality,and are disproportionately affected by cardiovascular disease.Most of this excess risk is it associated with an augmented prevalence of well-known risk factors such as hypertension,dyslipidaemia and obesity in these patients.However the improved cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients can not be attributed solely to the higher prevalence of traditional risk factors.Therefore other non-traditional risk factors may be important in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Cardiovascular disease is increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects due to a complex combination of various traditional and non-traditional risk factors that have an important role to play in the beginning and the evolution of atherosclerosis over its long natural history from endothelial function to clinical events.Many of these risk factors could be common history for both di-abetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease,reinforcing the postulate that both disorders come independently from'common soil'.The objective of this review is to highlight the weight of traditional and non-traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the setting of type 2 diabetes mellitus and discuss their position in the pathogenesis of the excess cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in these patients. | Iciar Martín-Timón Cristina Sevillano-Collantes Amparo Segura-Galindo Francisco Javier del Caizo-Gómez | 2014 | World Journal of Diabetes2014，5，4： | 32 |
| 2 | Effect of enalapril on plasma homocysteine levels in patients with essential hypertension显示文摘Objective:To investigate the effect of enalapril on plasma homocysteine(Hcy) levels and the association of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR) C677T polymorphism with the changes of Hcy levels in response to enalapril among patients with essential hypertension.Methods:A total of 130 patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension were enrolled and enalapril was orally administered at a dose of 10 mg/d for eight weeks.Plasma Hcy levels were measured by denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography(DHPLC) at baseline and after eight weeks of treatment.Genotyping of MTHFR C677T polymorphism was performed by TaqMan probe technique.Results:Compared with baseline,plasma Hcy levels did not change significantly after eight weeks(P=0.81).Stratified by baseline Hcy levels,a significant increase in plasma Hcy levels(P=0.02) among those with Hcy <10 μmol/L was observed,in contrast to no significant changes in plasma Hcy levels(P=0.54) among those with Hcy ≥10 μmol/L.No significant association was observed between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and changes in Hcy levels in response to enalapril.Conclusions:Enalapril may cause an increase in plasma Hcy levels among the hypertensives with low baseline Hcy levels.There was no significant association between MTHFR C677T genotypes and changes in Hcy levels in response to enalapril among subjects with essential hypertension. | Fang-fang FAN Yong HUO Xu WANG Xin XU Bin-yan WANG Xi-ping XU Jian-ping LI | 2010 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2010，11，8： | 30 |
| 3 | Antioxidants,inflammation and cardiovascular disease显示文摘Multiple factors are involved in the etiology of cardiovascular disease(CVD). Pathological changes occur in a variety of cell types long before symptoms become apparent and diagnosis is made. Dysregulation of physiological functions are associated with the activation of immune cells,leading to local and finally systemic inflammation that is characterized by production of high levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS). Patients suffering from inflammatory diseases often present with diminished levels of antioxidants either due to insufficient dietary intake or,and even more likely,due to increased demand in situations of overwhelming ROS production by activated immune effector cells like macrophages. Antioxidants are suggested to beneficially interfere with diseases-related oxidative stress,however the interplay of endogenous and exogenous antioxidants with the overall redox system is complex. Moreover,molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative stress in CVD are not fully elucidated. Metabolic dybalances are suggested to play a major role in disease onset and progression. Several central signalingpathways involved in the regulation of immunological,metabolic and endothelial function are regulated in a redox-sensitive manner. During cellular immune response,interferon γ-dependent pathways are activated such as tryptophan breakdown by the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO) in monocyte-derived macrophages,fibroblasts,endothelial and epithelial cells. Neopterin,a marker of oxidative stress and immune activation is produced by GTP-cyclohydrolase Ⅰ in macrophages and dendritic cells. Nitric oxide synthase(NOS) is induced in several cell types to generate nitric oxide(NO). NO,despite its low reactivity,is a potent antioxidant involved in the regulation of the vasomotor tone and of immunomodulatory signaling pathways. NO inhibits the expression and function of IDO. Function of NOS requires the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin(BH4),which is produced in humans primarily by fibroblasts and endothelial cells. Highly toxic peroxynitrite(ONOO-) is formed solely in the presence of superoxide anion(O2-). Neopterin and kynurenine to tryptophan ratio(Kyn/Trp),as an estimate of IDO enzyme activity,are robust markers of immune activation in vitro and in vivo. Both these diagnostic parameters are able to predict cardiovascular and overall mortality in patients at risk. Likewise,a significant association exists between increase of neopterin concentrations and Kyn/Trp ratio values and the lowering of plasma levels of vitamin-C,-E and-B. Vitamin-B deficiency is usually accompanied by increased plasma homoycsteine. Additional determination of NO metabolites,BH4 and plasma antioxidants in patients with CVD and related clinical settings can be helpful to improve the understanding of redox-regulation in health and disease and might provide a rationale for potential antioxidant therapies in CVD. | Harald Mangge Kathrin Becker Dietmar Fuchs Johanna M Gostner | 2014 | World Journal of Cardiology2014，6，6： | 25 |
| 4 | Serum levels of homocysteine and circulating antioxidants associated with heart rate variability in patients with unstable angina pectoris显示文摘To the Editor:Autonomic dysfunction is an important factor in the pathogenesis of unstable angina pectoris (UAP).It affects coronary artery systolic function,induces coronary spasm,aggravates myocardial ischemia,reduces ventricular fibrillation threshold,and increases the incidence of sudden cardiac death in UAP. | Yong-Cheng Wang Du-Fang Ma Ping Jiang Jin-Long Yang Yi-Mei Zhang Xiao Li | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，1： | 23 |
| 5 | Elevated Homocysteine and C-reactive Protein Levels Independently Predict Worsening Prognosis after Stroke in Chinese Patients显示文摘Increased plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) levels are independent risk factors for cardiovascular disease.However, the predictive value of tHcy in combination with hsCRP in patients with stroke is not known.To determine the relationship between tHcy and hsCRP, we enrolled 291 patients with first-onset stroke (196 ischemic and 95 hemorrhagic).Plasma tHcy and hsCRP levels were measured and subsequent vascular events and deaths were determined over a 5-year period.Using the arbitrary cutoff for tHcy (<18 μmol/L and ≥18 μmol/L) and hsCRP (<1 mg/L, 1-3 mg/L and >3 mg/L), the patients were divided into 6 groups.Survival analysis showed that the probability of death or new vascular events during a 5-year follow-up increased according to tHcy and hsCRP levels (P<0.01).The relative risk (RR) of death or new vascular events was 4.67 (95% CI, 1.96 to 11.14, P=0.001) in patients with high tHcy (≥18 μmol/L) and hsCRP (>3 mg/L) compared with those with low tHcy (<18 μmol/L) and hsCRP (<1 mg/L).The increased tHcy level (≥18 μmol/L) combined with increased hsCRP level (>3 mg/L) was still significantly associated with the risk of death or new vascular events (RR, 4.10, 95% CI, 1.61 to 10.45, P=0.003) even when adjusted for other risk factors at inclusion.The combination of increased tHcy and hsCRP levels had a stronger predictive value than increased hsCRP alone or increased tHcy level alone.Further studies are required to evaluate the potential decrease in risks associated with lowering both Hcy and hsCRP levels in patients that present with both increased tHcy and hsCRP. | 严江涛 James K Liao 汪道文 | 2010 | Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences)2010，30，5： | 18 |
| 6 | Chinese Yellow Wine Inhibit Production of Homocysteine-induced Extracellular Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 in Cultured Rat Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells显示文摘Objectives Regular consumption of moderate amounts of Chinese yellow wine is associated with a reduced risk of coronary disease. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) that participate in extracellular matrix degradation have been involved in atherosclerotic plaque growth and instability. The present research aimed to study the effects of Chinese yellow wine on the production of homocysteine-induced extracellular MMP-2 in cultured rats' vascular smooth muscle cells. Methods The effects of different homocysteine levels (0-1000 ?滋mol/l) on MMP-2 production, and the effects of Chinese yellow wine with low alcohol concentrations (12-19%) on homocysteine-induced MMP-2 in cultured rat vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were examined using gelatin zymography and western blotting. The changes of MMP-2 under various treatments for 12 h, 24 h and 48 h were further compared. Results Homocysteine (50-1000 ?滋mol/l) increased the production of MMP-2 significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Increased production of MMP-2 induced by homocysteine was reduced by extracellularly added Chinese yellow wine. Production of MMP-2 under various treatments for 48 h increased more than 12 h and 24 h. Conclusions Extracellularly added Chinese yellow wine decreased homocysteine-induced MMP-2 secretion. The inhibitory effect of yellow wine on the activation of MMP-2 might contribute to their beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. | 郭航远 邢杨波 彭放 杨彪 裘宇芳 游斌权 李刚 朱敏 袁敏 何益平 周妍 Lee Jong-Dae | 2007 | South China Journal of Cardiology2007，0，1： | 16 |
| 7 | Relationship between serum homocysteine levels and long-term outcomes in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction显示文摘Background:The mortality of cardiovascular disease is constantly rising,and novel biomarkers help us predict residual risk.This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of serum homocysteine (HCY) levels on prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods:The 419 consecutive patients with STEMI,treated at one medical center,from March 2010 to December 2015 were retrospectively investigated.Peripheral blood samples were obtained within 24 h of admission and HCY concentrations were measured using an enzymatic cycling assay.The patients were divided into high HCY level (H-HCY) and low HCY level (L-HCY) groups.Short- and long-term outcomes were compared,as were age-based subgroups (patients aged 60 years and younger vs.those older than 60 years).Statistical analyses were mainly conducted by Student t-test,Chi-squared test,logistic regression,and Cox proportional-hazards regression.Results:The H-HCY group had more males (84.6% vs.75.4%,P=0.018),and a lower prevalence of diabetes (20.2% vs.35.5%,P<0.001),compared with the L-HCY group.During hospitalization,there were seven mortalities in the L-HCY group and 10 in the H-HCY group (3.3% vs.4.8%,P= 0.440).During the median follow-up period of 35.8 (26.9–46.1) months,33 (16.2%) patients in the L-HCY group and 48 (24.2%) in the H-HCY group experienced major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE)(P=0.120).History of hypertension (hazard ratio [HR]:1.881,95% confidence interval [CI]:1.178–3.005,P=0.008) and higher Killip class (HR:1.923,95% CI:1.419–2.607,P<0.001),but not HCY levels (HR:1.007,95% CI:0.987–1.027,P=0.507),were significantly associated with long-term outcomes.However,the subgroup analysis indicated that in older patients,HCY levels were significantly associated with long-term outcomes (HR:1.036,95% CI:1.011–1.062,P=0.005).Conclusion:Serum HCY levels did not independently predict in-hospital or long-term outcomes in patients with STEMI;however,among elderly patients with STEMI,this study revealed a risk profile for late outcomes that incorporated HCY level. | Jin Si Xue-Wen Li Yang Wang Ying-Hua Zhang Qing-Qing Wu Lei-Min Zhang Xue-Bing Zuo Jing Gao Jing Li | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，9： | 15 |
| 8 | Increased levels of homocysteine in patients with ulcerative colitis显示文摘AIM: To investigate serum levels of homocysteine (Hcys) and the risk that altered levels carry for thrombosis development in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. METHODS: 55 UC patients and 45 healthy adults were included. Hcys, vitamin B12 and folic acid levels were measured in both groups. Clinical history and thrombo- embolic events were investigated. RESULTS: The average Hcys level in the UC patients was 13.3 ± 1.93 μmmol/L (range 4.60-87) and was higher than the average Hcys level of the control group which was 11.2 ± 3.58 μmmol/L (range 4.00-20.8) (P < 0.001). Vitamin B12 and folic acid average values were also lower in the UC group (P < 0.001). Whenmultivariate regression analysis was performed, it was seen that folic acid deficiency was the only risk factor for hyperhomocysteinemia. Frequencies of thromboembolic complications were not statistically significantly different in UC and control groups. When those with and without a thrombosis history in the UC group were compared according to Hcys levels, it was seen that there were no statistically significant differences. A negative linear relationship was found between folic acid levels and Hcys. CONCLUSION: We could not find any correlations between Hcys levels and history of prior thromboembolic events. | Sabiye Akbulut Emin Altiparmak Firdevs Topal Ersan Ozaslan Metin Kucukazman Ozlem Yonem | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，19： | 13 |
| 9 | Status of hyperhomocysteinemia in China: results from the China Stroke High-risk Population Screening Program, 2018显示文摘A nationwide survey was conducted from October 2018 to September 2019 to assess the prevalence of hyperhomocysteinemia(Hhcy)and its influencing factors in China.A standardized questionnaire was used to collect information.Hhcy was defined as the level of serum homocysteine(HCY)≥15.0µmol/L.The H-type hypertension(HHYP)was defined as hypertension with an elevated serum HCY(≥15.0µmol/L).Finally,110551 residents≥40 years of age from 31 provinces in the mainland of China were included.Overall,the median serum HCY level was 10.9µmol/L(interquartile range 7.9–15.1).A total of 28633 participants(25.9%)were defined as Hhcy.The Hhcy prevalence ranged from 7.9%in Shanghai to 56.8%in Tianjin.The data showed that serum HCY levels were associated with age,male gender,cigarette smoking,hypertension,diabetes,ethnicity,endurance in exercise(inverse),and fruit and vegetable intake(inverse).In addition,15486 participants were defined as HHYP,and the rate was 14.0%.HHYP was an independent predictor of stroke with an adjusted odds ratio of 1.752(95%CI 1.338–2.105).The geographical distribution pattern of the Hhcy epidemic reflects dynamic differences,and national strategies should be carried out to further improve the care of patients with Hhcy across China. | Wenjun Tu Feng Yan Baohua Chao Xunming Ji Longde Wang | 2021 | Frontiers of Medicine2021，15，6： | 12 |
| 10 | 血清同型半胱氨酸的测定在急性脑梗死诊断中的临床价值显示文摘急性脑梗死(acute cerebral infarction,ACI)为急性缺血性脑血管病之一,本病见于中年人以上,多数有高血压、糖尿病、冠心病或高血脂史。多于安静休息时发病,一部分患者在清晨睡醒后发现症状。高同型半胱氨酸血症(high homocysteine,Hcy)是脑梗死的独立危险因素之一。研究表明Hcy与动脉粥样硬化关系密切,动脉粥样硬化是导致脑梗死的主要病理基础之一。现就本实验室Hcv测定结果在急性脑梗死的变化观察报告如下。 | 刘国凤 孙宇 | 2011 | 实用医技杂志2011，18，9： | 12 |
| 11 | Study on the Relationship between Plasma Homocysteine and Acute Cerebral Vascular Disease显示文摘The levels of plasma homocysteine were determined by using high-performance liquid chromatographic method. It was found that plasma homocysteine levels were significantly higher in the patients with stroke than that in the controls. There was no correlation between plasma homocys- teine levels and hypertension, smoking, concentrations of blood glucose or hypertriglyceridesemia. It was suggested that hyperhomocysteinemia may be an independent risk factor for acute cerebral vascu- lar disease. | 彭海 黄谦 李月芬 孙圣刚 邓学军 乔娴 | 2000 | Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences)2000，20，4： | 11 |
| 12 | 泽泻提取物对高同型半胱氨酸血症兔氧化及抗氧化因子的影响显示文摘目的:探讨泽泻提取物对高同型半胱氨酸(HHcy)血症家兔血液中部分氧化及抗氧化因子的影响。方法:乙醇回流提取泽泻浸膏。将健康雄性家兔24只随机分为正常对照组、模型组和泽泻组。蛋氨酸皮下注射法建立HHcy血症动物模型,泽泻组灌喂泽泻提取物。8周后检测血浆总同型半胱氨酸(tHcy),血清丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、诱导型一氧化氮(iNO)和一氧化氮合酶(NOS)水平。结果:(1)模型组和泽泻组实验后血浆tHcy明显高于正常对照组,差别有显著性意义(P<0.01);(2)泽泻组血清MDA水平明显低于模型组(P<0.01),泽泻组血清SOD水平明显高于模型组(P<0.05);(3)泽泻组血清NOS和iNO均明显低于模型组(P<0.01)。结论:泽泻可能通过降低iNO活性,抑制过氧化,防止动脉粥样硬化的产生。 | 张力华 李开军 薛存宽 何学兵 蒋鹏 | 2007 | 微循环学杂志2007，17，3： | 11 |
| 13 | 血清同型半胱氨酸和颈动脉内膜中层厚度在2型糖尿病合并冠状动脉粥样硬性心脏病患者中的临床意义显示文摘临床上,2型糖尿病患者往往存在肥胖、高血压、糖代谢紊乱、脂质代谢紊乱等心血管高危因素,容易并发大血管并发症,特别是冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病(以下简称冠心病),这也是糖尿病患者致残和致死的原因之一。调查证实,对于2型糖尿病患者,其心脑血管疾病发生率和动脉硬化发生率均是健康人的4倍以上[1-2]。 | 钟慧婷 傅永平 | 2017 | 中华危重症医学杂志(电子版)2017，10，4： | 10 |
| 14 | Association Between Homocysteine Level and Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene Polymorphisms in Type 2 Diabetes Accompanied by Dyslipidemia显示文摘Objective To investigate the association between total homocysteine(tHcy)level in plasma and methylenetetrahydrofblate reductase(MTHFR)C677T and A1298C genetic polymorphisms in a Chinese Han nationality population with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)accompanied by dyslipidemia.Methods This case-control study enrolled T2DM patients with dyslipidemia and without dyslipidemia respectively.Sanger dideoxy-mediated chain-termination method was used to detect the gene polymorphisms of MTHFR C677T and A1298C.Plasma tHcy and lipid levels were measured as well.The genotype frequency and allele frequency between the dyslipidemia and non-dyslipidemia groups were compared by using Chi-square test.Plasma tHcy level ofT2DM patients who carried the different genotypes was compared by Student's t test.Results Finally,82 T2DM patients with dyslipidemia and 94 ones without dyslipidemia were included in this study.There was a significant correlation between tHcy level and MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism inT2DM patients(t=2.27,P=0.02).Moreover,the plasma tHcy level in the dyslipidemia patients who carried MTHFR 677TT genotype was significantly higher than that in those with CT+CC genotype(13.62+6.97 vs.10.95+3.62pmol/L,t=2.2O,P=0.03);while for patients without dyslipidemia,comparison of the tHcy level between those who carried the above two alleles showed no significantly difference(13.34±6.03 vs.12.04±5.09μmol/L,t=1.08,P=0.29).Conclusion MTHFR 677TT genotype might associate with higher tHcy level in T2DM patients with dyslipidemia. | Ying Yin Rui Li Xiaoli Li Kunrong Wu Ling Li Yuedong Xu Lin Liao Rui Yang Yan Li | 2020 | Chinese Medical Sciences Journal2020，35，1： | 10 |
| 15 | 同型半胱氨酸与2型糖尿病大血管病变的关系显示文摘糖尿病(diabetes mellitus,DM)是由遗传因素及环境因素共同参与的一组以胰岛素绝对或相对缺乏而导致体内碳水化合物以及脂肪、蛋白质代谢紊乱,最终引起多系统损害的慢性代谢紊乱性疾病,以长期血糖水平增高为主要特征。近几十年来,随着世界经济的发展和生活方式的改变,糖尿病的患病率在全球范围内持续上升的态势引起了广泛关注,糖尿病已成为继心血管病和肿瘤之后的第三大非传染性疾病,对社会和家庭生活带来相对的沉重负担。 | 冯啸宇 刘波 | 2015 | 中国实验诊断学2015，19，5： | 10 |
| 16 | 同型半胱氨酸对脑卒中的影响显示文摘脑卒中是导致人类死亡的主要病因之一,预防脑卒中能降低死亡率和发病率,而对已明确的脑卒中危险因素的预防显得至关重要。传统的心脑血管病危险因素如年龄、高血压、脂质失调、糖尿病和吸烟等都与脑卒中的发生及再发有关,但这些并不能完全解释脑卒中事件的所有原因[1]。越来越多的流行病学研究表明同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)是脑卒中的危险因素。 | 张必龙 黄剑锋 肖善花 钟伟兵 段勇 熊玲兵 黄绍烈 | 2015 | 中华高血压杂志2015，23，10： | 10 |
| 17 | 高同型半胱氨酸血症引起肾损伤的分子机制显示文摘同型半胱氨酸( homocysteine,Hcy)是一种含硫氨基酸,是甲硫氨酸代谢的中间产物.目前大量的临床试验及流行病学研究证实,高同型半胱氨酸血症( hyperhomocysteinemia,hHcy)是一些硬化性疾病的一个独立危险因子,其中包括动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、阿尔茨海默氏病、糖尿病、终末期肾脏疾病(end stage renal disease,ESRD)及其相关的心血管并发症等. | 贺敏 汪宇涵 魏欣冰 王琳琳 易凡 | 2012 | 临床肾脏病杂志2012，12，1： | 9 |
| 18 | Biomarkers enhance the long-term predictive ability of the KAMIR risk score in Chinese patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction显示文摘Background:The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score is recommended by current ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) guidelines.But it has inherent defects.The present study aimed to investigate the more compatible risk stratification for Chinese patients with STEMI and to determine whether the addition of biomarkers to the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) score could enhance its predictive value for long-term outcomes.Methods:A total of 1093 consecutive STEMI patients were included and followed up 48.2 months.Homocysteine,hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP),and N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were detected.The KAMIR score and the GRACE score were calculated.The performance between the KAMIR and the GRACE was compared.The predictive power of the KAMIR alone and combined with biomarkers were assessed by the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The KAMIR demonstrated a better risk stratification and predictive ability than the GRACE (death:AUC = 0.802 vs.0.721,P<0.001;major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE):AUC = 0.683 vs.0.656,P<0.001).It showed that the biomarkers could independently predict death [homocysteine:HR= 1.019 (1.015–1.024),P<0.001;hs-CRP:HR= 1.052 (1.000–1.104),P= 0.018;NT-pro BNP:HR= 1.142 (1.004–1.280),P= 0.021] and MACE [homocysteine:HR= 1.019 (1.015–1.024),P<0.001;hs-CRP:HR= 1.012 (1.003–1.021),P= 0.020;NT-pro BNP:HR= 1.136 (1.104–1.168),P= 0.006].When they were used in combination with the KAMIR,the area under the ROC curve (AUC) significantly increased for death [homocysteine:AUC = 0.802 vs.0.890,Z = 5.982,P<0.001;hs-CRP:AUC = 0.802 vs.0.873,Z= 3.721,P<0.001;NT-pro BNP:AUC= 0.802 vs.0.871,Z = 2.187,P= 0.047;homocysteine,hs-CRP and NT-pro BNP:AUC = 0.802 vs.0.940,Z = 6.177,P<0.001] and MACE [homocysteine:AUC = 0.683 vs.0.771,Z= 6.818,P<0.001;hs-CRP:AUC= 0.683 vs.0.712,Z= 2.022,P= 0.031;NT-pro BNP:AUC= 0.683 vs.0.720,Z= 2.974,P= 0.003;homocysteine,hs-CRP and NT-pro BNP:AUC= 0.683 vs.0.789,Z= 6.900,P<0.001].Conclusion:The KAMIR is better than the GRACE in risk stratification and prognosis prediction in Chinese STEMI patients.A combination of above-mentioned biomarkers can develop a more predominant prediction for long-term outcomes. | Jian-Jun Wang Yan Fan Yan Zhu Jian-Dong Zhang Su-Mei Zhang Zhao-Fei Wan Hong-Ling Su Na Jiang | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，1： | 9 |
| 19 | 高同型半胱氨酸与动脉粥样硬化关系的研究显示文摘同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)是一种含硫氨基酸,是蛋氨酸代谢的中间产物,在正常人体内浓度较低。多项前瞻性及病例对照研究证明,Hcy是预测动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis,AS)的独立危险因素,其浓度水平的升高与AS的发病率密切相关。 | 纪昕 刘菲 李永军 | 2016 | 脑与神经疾病杂志2016，24，6： | 8 |
| 20 | 高同型半胱氨酸血症与脑卒中研究进展显示文摘同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)是甲硫氨酸代谢过程中产生的一种含硫氨基酸,其水平主要取决于日常饮食和维生素摄入状况。当叶酸和/或维生素B12缺乏会导致高同型半胱氨酸血症(hyperhomocysteinemia,HHcy),也可由遗传变异引起,如MTHFRC677T编码的N5,N10-亚甲基四氢叶酸还原酶基因突变。 | 丁查文 李春梅 赵楠 刘彬 | 2016 | 中风与神经疾病杂志2016，33，9： | 8 |
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