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| 1 | The pathway of the interdecadal variability in the Pacific Ocean显示文摘Cases of the interdecadal variability in the Pacific Ocean and their evolution were examined in the paper with the statistic methods (CEOF and composite analysis) over the period of 1950-1993. Observations of oceanic temperatures in the upper 400 m revealed an obvious region of the interdecadal signals in the central North Pacific. Such signals propagated south westward, then subducted to the subtropics. The hypothesized link for interdecadal oceanic variability between the subtropics and the tropics, especially with the western tropical Pacific was unraveled in order to detect the cause of decadal signals in the tropics. The thermal anomalies subducted in the central North Pacific east to the dateline only reach 18°N. There has been no further southward propagation since then due to a certain barrier. The origin of the interdecadal signals in the western tropical Pacific was traced to the southern tropical Pacific. There is a meridional pathway around the dateline where the signals were loaded. | WANG Dongxiao & LIU Zhengyu1. South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China 2. Department of Atmospheric & Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Wang Dongxiao | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，17： | 24 |
| 2 | A Possible Linkage in the Interdecadal Variability of Rainfall over North China and the Sahel显示文摘The instrumental records of precipitation, including some historical documentary evidence, show that the rainfall in North China during the rainy season (July and August) exhibits an interdecadal variability similar to the Sahelian rainfall. Both these areas exhibited a weak interdecadal rainfall variability prior to the 1950s, and experienced a long-lasting drought since the 1960s, with two rainfall decreasing transitions, one around the year 1965 and another in the late 1970s. NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data are used to analyze the associated changes in atmospheric circulation during the second decrease transition. The changes of local atmospheric circulation at the end of the 1970s, at both lower and upper levels, contribute to the less precipitation in North China and the Sahel. | 任保华 陆日宇 肖子牛 | 2004 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2004，21，5： | 17 |
| 3 | Global aridification in the second half of the 20th century and its relationship to large-scale climate background显示文摘The variation in surface wetness index (SWI), which was derived from global gridded monthly precipi- tation and monthly mean surface air temperature datasets of Climatic Research Unit (CRU), from 1951― 2002 over global land was analyzed in this paper. The characteristics of the SWI variation in global continents, such as North America, South America, Eurasia, Africa, and Australia, were compared. In addition, the correlation between the SWI variation of each continent (or across the globe) and the large-scale background closely related to SST variations, which affects climate change, was analyzed. The results indicate that the SWI variation shows distinct regional characteristics in the second half of the 20th century under global warming. A drying trend in the last 52 years occurred in Africa, Eurasia, Australia and South America, most obviously in Africa and Eurasia. North America shows a wetting trend after 1976. A 30-year period of dry-wet oscillation is found in South America and Australia; the latest is in a drying period in two regions. The results also revealed that global warming has changed the dry-wet pattern of the global land. South America and Australia have a drying trend despite in- creases in precipitation. This indicates that increases in surface air temperature cannot be ignored in aridification studies. Global dry-wet variation is closely related to large-scale SST variations: the drying trend in Africa and Eurasia and the wetting trend in North America are correlated with Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO); the interdecadal oscillation of SWI in South America and Australia is consistent with the interdecadal variation in Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). | MA ZhuGuo FU CongBin | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，5： | 17 |
| 4 | Oscillation characteristics of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley and relevant climate background显示文摘Based on the summer precipitation data from the Huaihe River valley and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River from 1922 to 2007,we analyzed the interannual and interdecadal oscillation and probability distribution characteristics of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley during the same period,using the wavelet transform and generalized extreme distribution methods.Whereby,we studied the climate background of East Asia Summer Monsoon (EASM),Sea Surface Temperature (SST),East Asia telecorrelation circulation,and their relationship with the interannual and interdecadal oscillation of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley.We further compared the difference of interdecadal oscillation of summer precipitation and the relevant climate background between the Huaihe River valley and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The results show that:1) The intensity change of quasi-biennial oscillation (QBO) of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley is consistent with that of interdecadal oscillation.The summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley has been more than normal since the end of the 1990s,and the QBO is very significant.Meanwhile,the probability of occurrence of extreme heavy rainfall increased obviously.2) The interdecadal oscillation of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley has a close relationship with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) and interdecadal oscillation of EASM.When PDO is in the cold phase and EASM weakens,the summer precipitation will be greater than normal.3) QBO of summer precipitation in the Huaihe River valley is mainly controlled by that of EASM,and it has a relationship with a circulation pattern of 'positive-negative-positive' from the high to the low latitudes in East Asia.4) There is interdecadal phase difference in summer precipitation between the Huaihe River valley and the middle and the lower reaches of the Yangtze River,which is mainly related to the intensity and position of West Pacific subtropical high. | FengYing Wei Ting Zhang | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，2： | 13 |
| 5 | INTERDECADAL AND INTERANNUAL VARIABILITIES OF AIR AND SEA AND THEIR RELATIONS OVER THE PACIFIC显示文摘Regional differences and relations of the atmospheric and oceanic interdecadal and interannual variability in the Pacific are addressed in terms of period analysis and singular value decomposition (SVD) method.Results show that the interdecadal anomalies are more significant in the North Pacific (NP) than in the tropical Pacific (TP),and the interannual anomalies in the TP than in the NP in the variance of air-sea anomalies:the interdecadally variational character of a surface (shallow) layer sea and air is unanimous in the same season and region,and the transition of a high mode to a low one both occurred at the end of 1970s and the beginning of 1980s,with an exception for July in the NP,which is related to the stability of the stratification of sub-surface layer sea temperature:the interannual scale air-sea anomalies are associated with ENSO,which is most typical for January,then July in the TP,followed by January in the NP,and there is no visible relationships for July in the NP. | 李丽平 王盘兴 李泓 | 2004 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2004，18，2： | 11 |
| 6 | The NPO/ NAO and Interdecadal Climate Variation in China显示文摘This article discusses the interannual variation of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and North Pacific Oscillation (NPO), its relationship with the interdecadal climate variation in China which is associated with tile climate jump in the Northern Hemisphere in the 1960’s. using the data analyses. It is clearly shown that both the amplitudes of the NAO and NPO increase obviously in the 1960’s and the main Period of the oscillations changes from 3-4 years before the 1960’s to 8-15 years after the 1960’s. Therefore. interdecadal climate variation in China or the climate jump in the 1960’s is closely related to the anomalies of the NAO and NPO. | 李崇银 李桂龙 | 2000 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2000，17，4： | 10 |
| 7 | DIAGNOSTIC ANALYSIS OF INTERDECADAL CHANGES OF THE SUMMER MONSOON IN THE SOUTH CHINA SEA显示文摘The onset dates and intensities for the South China Sea (SCS) summer monsoon over the past 51 years are established using the reanalyzed gridpoint data of NCEP and SST data from 1950 to 2000.As is shown in the t test,the activities of the SCS monsoon (including the dates of onset and intensities) experienced a significant interdecadal change in the mid-1970s.The monsoon activity is closely related with the anomalies of the general circulation in the mid- and higher-latitudes but it is not related with those of the SST in tropical oceans before 1975.After 1975,the onset is earlier and the intensity is weaker and the SST anomalies in the tropical Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean have significant impacts on the activity of the SCS summer monsoon.These significant changes are thought to be associated with the interdecadal variation of SST over the oceans. | 梁建茵 吴尚森 | 2003 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2003，17，S1： | 10 |
| 8 | Re-Assessing Climatic Warming in China since 1900显示文摘The regional mean surface air temperature(SAT)in China has risen with a rate of 1.3–1.7℃(100 yr)^-1 since 1900,based on the recently developed homogenized observations.This estimate is larger than those[0.5–0.8℃(100 yr)^-1]adopted in the early National Reports of Climate Change in China.The present paper reviews the studies of the longterm SAT series of China,highlighting the homogenization of station observations as the key progress.The SAT series of China in early studies showed a prominent warm peak in the 1940s,mainly due to inhomogeneous records associated with site-moves of a number of stations from urban to outskirts in the early 1950s,thus leading to underestimates of the centennial warming trend.Parts of China were relatively warm around the 1940s but with differentphase interdecadal variations,while some parts were even relatively cool.This fact is supported by proxy data and could partly be explained by interdecadal changes in large-scale circulation.The effect of urbanization should have a minor contribution to the observed warming in China,although the estimates of such contributions for individual urban stations remain controversial.Further studies relevant to the present topic are discussed. | Zhongwei YAN Yihui DING Panmao ZHAI Lianchun SONG Lijuan CAO Zhen LI | 2020 | Journal of Meteorological Research2020，34，2： | 9 |
| 9 | Interdecadal variability in the tropical Indian Ocean and its dynamic explanation显示文摘Interdecadal variability in the tropical Indian Ocean has been analyzed based on the long-term climatic observational data. Case study showed that strong interannual signals formed at the surface can penetrate the depth of seasonal thermocline, where the anomalies last a couple of years. Artificial time series based on damping with exponential decay of selected strong events agree well with the detected interdecadal variability in the tropical Indian Ocean. | Dongxiao Wang Guoxiong Wu Jianjun Xu | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，17： | 9 |
| 10 | Interdecadal change in Western Pacific Subtropical High and climatic effects显示文摘Western North Pacific Subtropical High is a very important atmospheric circulation system influencing the summer climate over eastern China. Its interdecadal change is analyzed in this study. There is a significant decadal shift in about 1979/1980. Since 1980, the Western North Pacific Subtropical High has enlarged, intensified, and shifted southwestward. This change gives rise to an anti-cyclonic circulation anomaly over the region from the South China Sea to western Pacific and thus causes wet anomalies over the Yangtze River valley. During the summers of 1980-1999, the precipitation is 63.9 mm above normal, while during 1958-1979 it is 27.3 mm below normal. The difference is significant at the 99% confidence level as a t-test shown. The southwestward expanding of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High also leads to a significant warming in southern China, during 1980-1999 the summer mean temperature is 0.37篊 warmer than that of the period 1958-1979. The strong warming is primarily due to the clearer skies associated with the stronger downward air motion as the Western North Pacific Subtropical High expanding to the west and controlling southern China. It is also found that the relative percentage of tropical cyclones in the regions south of 20篘 is decreasing since the 1980s, but in the regions north of 20篘 that is increasing at the same time. The Western North Pacific Subtropical High responds significantly to sea surface temperature of the tropical eastern Pacific with a lag of one-two seasons and simultaneously to sea surface temperature of the tropical Indian Ocean. The changes in the sea surface temperatures are mainly responsible for the interdecadal variability of the Western North Pacific Subtropical High. | HE Xue-zhao1, GONG Dao-yi1,2 (1. Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster Research, Institute of Resources Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China 2. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University | 2002 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2002，12，2： | 8 |
| 11 | Interannual and Interdecadal Variations in Atmospheric Circulation Factors and Rainfall in China and Their Relationship显示文摘Wavelet analysis is used to study the interannual and interdecadal variations of rainfall in China and atmospheric circulation factors, including the key atmospheric oscillations, W, C, E patterns and subtropical high. Regression analysis and correlation analysis are both used to study the relationship of atmospheric circulation factors and China rainfall on different time scale and spatial scale. The results are as follows:(1) The variations of atmospheric circulation and rainfall in China are characterized by interannual and interdecadal scales. The variations of atmospheric circulation and rainfall are composed of interannual and interdecadal variations. It is necessary to separate those two time scales when climate changes and forecast are studied. (2) The variations of China rainfall are due to the interaction of multi-factors rather than single factors. The marked factors which influence the interannual and interdecadal variations are various.Subtropical high is one of the marked factors which influence interannual variations of rainfall, while AO,NAO, and NPO are one of the marked factors which influence interdecadal variations of rainfall. (3) The longer the time scale is, and the larger the spatial scale is, and the more remarkable the relationships between atmospheric circulation and rainfall are. | 严华生 万云霞 程建刚 | 2005 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2005，19，2： | 7 |
| 12 | Variations of Meiyu Indicators in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin during 1954-2003显示文摘To better understand climate variations of Meiyu, some new indicators for the onset and retreat dates,duration, and Meiyu precipitation in the Yangtze-Huaihe River valley are objectively developed by usingobserved daily precipitation data from 230 stations in eastern China during 1954-2003.The rainy season onset and retreat dates in each station can be defined in terms of thresholds for rainfallintensity and persistence. Then, the onset and retreat dates of the Meiyu for the Yangtze-Huaihe Riverbasin have been determined when more than 40% of stations reach the first rainy season thresholds in thestudy region.Based on the indicators of Meiyu in the Yangtze-Huaihe River basin, variations of Meiyu rainfall during1954-2003 are analyzed. The results suggest that Meiyu rainfall in the Yangtze-Huaihe River basin hasincreased in recent 50 years. In addition, interannual and interdecadal variability of Meiyu is also obvious.All the indicators display a predominant period of about 3 years. | 张艳霞 翟盘茂 钱永甫 | 2005 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2005，19，4： | 6 |
| 13 | The Interdecadal Variation of the Western Pacific Subtropical High as Measured by 500 hPa Eddy Geopotential Height显示文摘The interdecadal variation of the summer western Pacific subtropical high(WPSH)during1948–2009 is investigated in this study.Compared with most previous works,which focused on the 500 h Pa geopotential height,the interdecadal variation of the horizontal winds,relative vorticity,and eddy geopotential height over the western Pacific are all analyzed.The weakened anticyclone and decreased negative relative vorticity at middle-low levels over the western Pacific suggest that the WPSH weakened during 1979–2009 relative to1948–78.After subtracting the zonal belt mean height between 0°and 40°N,the 500 hP a eddy geopotential height with significant negative anomalies over the western Pacific can correctly depict this weakened interdecadal variation of the WPSH.The illusory westward extension signal reflected by the 500 h Pa geopotential height may derive from the significant increment of the geopotential height at middle and lower latitudes in the late 1970s under global warming. | HUANG Yan-Yan LI Xiao-Fan | 2015 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2015，8，6： | 6 |
| 14 | The Interdecadal Variation Characteristics of Arctic Sea Ice Cover-ENSO-East Asian Monsoon and Their Interrelationshipat Quasi-Four Years Time Scale显示文摘Interdecadal and quasi-four years variation characterstics of Arctic sea for cover, ENSO and East Asian monsoon index(EAMI) are analyzed based on Singular Spectrum Analys. (SSA), lead-lag correlation and EOF for the past four decades. Results show that the Arctic sea for cover decreased in the early 1970s, several years earlier than that of global SSTA increase in the mid 1970s, which indicates that recent warming over the Northern Hemisphere firstly begins in the Arctic region in the 1970s. Great change of the East Asian monsoon intensity from stronger to weaker in summer (from weaker to stronger in winter) took place in the mid 1970s response to the abrupt modulation of SSTA particularly in the tropical eastern Pacific.Focus on the quasi-four years oscillation,close relationship is found among the sea ice cover, ENSO and EAMI based on lead-lag correlation. In which, the correlation coefficient reaches its maximum when the index of NINO3 SSTA variation takes 6 and 9 months lead of the western Pacific subtropical high and sea for cover index in Section-Ⅲ. Their interaction can be explained in the framework of asymmetric Walker circulation anomaly and Western Pacific Northern Pole (WPN) teleconnection pattern in the context of quasi-four years oscillation. | 祝从文 陈隆勋 | 1999 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1999，16，4： | 4 |
| 15 | RESEARCH ON THE INTERANNUAL AND INTERDECADAL VARIABILITIES OF THE MONSOON TROUGH AND THEIR IMPACTS ON TROPICAL CYCLONE GENESIS OVER THE WESTERN NORTH PACIFIC OCEAN显示文摘In this paper, we mainly summarize and review the progresses in recent climatological studies(by CMSR,IAP/CAS and some associated domestic and international institutions) on the interannual and interdecadal variabilities of monsoon troughs and their impacts on tropical cyclones and typhoons(TCs) geneses over the western North Pacific Ocean. The climatological characteristics of monsoon troughs and four types of circulation patterns favorable to TCs genesis over the western North Pacific Ocean in summer and autumn are given in this paper. It is also shown in this paper that the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific Ocean has obvious interannual and interdecadal variabilities. Especially, it is revealed in this paper that the interannual and interdecadal variabilities of the monsoon trough over the western North Pacific Ocean influence the TCs genesis not only through the impact on distributions of the vorticity in the lower troposphere and the divergence in the upper troposphere, the water vapor in the mid-and lower troposphere and the vertical shear of wind fields between the upper and lower troposphere over the western North Pacific Ocean, but also through the dynamical effects of the transition between convectively coupled tropical waves and providing disturbance energy. Besides, some climatological problems associated with TCs activity over the western North Pacific Ocean that need to be studied further are also pointed out in this paper. | 黄荣辉 皇甫静亮 武亮 冯涛 陈光华 | 2018 | Journal of Tropical Meteorology2018，24，4： | 3 |
| 16 | NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF SSTA IMPACTS UPON THE INTERDECADAL VARIATION OF THE CROSS-EQUATORIAL FLOWS IN EASTERN HEMISPHERE显示文摘Impacts of regional sea surface temperature(SST)anomalies on the interdecadal variation of the cross-equatorial flows(CEFs)in Eastern Hemisphere are studied using numerical simulations with a global atmospheric circulation model(NCAR CAM3)driven with 1950-2000 monthly SSTs in different marine areas(the globe,extratropics,tropics,tropical Indian Ocean-Pacific,and tropical Pacific)and ERA-40reanalysis data.Results show that all simulations,except the one driven with extratropical SSTs,can simulate the interdecadal strengthening of CEFs around Somali,120oE,and 150oE that occurred in the midand late-1970s.Among those simulated CEFs,the interdecadal variability in Somali and its interdecadal relationship with the East Asian summer monsoon are in better agreement with the observations,suggesting that changes in the SSTs of tropical oceans,especially the tropical Pacific,play a crucial role in the interdecadal variability of CEFs in Somali.The interdecadal change of CEFs in Somali is highly associated with the interdecadal variation of tropical Pacific SST.As the interdecadal warmer(colder)SST happens in the tropical Pacific,a'sandwich'pattern of SST anomalies,i.e.'+,-,+'('-,+,-'),will occur in the eastern tropical Pacific from north to south with a pair of anomalous anticyclone(cyclone)at the lower troposphere;the pair links to another pair of anomalous cyclone(anticyclone)in the tropical Indian Ocean through an atmospheric bridge,and thus strengthens(weakens)the CEFs in Somali. | 曾刚 孙照渤 邓伟涛 林朝晖 李春晖 | 2013 | Journal of Tropical Meteorology2013，19，3： | 2 |
| 17 | Interannual and interdecadal variabilities in SST anomaly over the eastern equatorial Pacific显示文摘Abstract The global sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly data from 1950 to 1996 were used to analyze spatial characters of interdecadal SST variations. A wavelet transform was made for the equatorial eastern Pacific SST anomaly time series. Results show that there are three remarkable timescale SST variations. 130-month interdecadal variation, 57-month interannual variation and 28-month quasi2-a variation. Based on this result, an El Nio event was predicted in the early part of 1997. | Weihong Qian Yafen Zhu Qian Ye | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，6： | 2 |
| 18 | 1956-2005年中国暖冬和冬季温度变化显示文摘Areasonable warmer winter index(IwwI)in the framework of the three equiprobability categories(i.e.warmer,normal and colder categories)is proposed based on the winter temperature data observed at 565 stations in China during 1956-2005,where IwwI is defined as the ratio of the station number of warmer category over the total number of stations.The results suggest that the trend of IwwI was consistent with that of the winter temperature on decadal time scale,and their rates of change were 10%/10 a and 0.4℃/10 a,respectively.It is found that only 13 warmer winter events in total were detected by IwwI over the past 50 years,and 85% of them occurred after 1986. | 王凌 张强 陈峪 | 2008 | 气候变化研究进展2008，4，z1： | 2 |
| 19 | Interannual and Interdecadal Variations in Heat Content of the Upper Ocean of the South China Sea显示文摘InterannualandInterdecadalVariationsinHeatContentoftheUpperOceanoftheSouthChinaSeaHeYouhai(何有海),GuanCuihua(关翠华)andGanZijun(甘子... | 何有海 关翠华 甘子钧 | 1997 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences1997，14，2： | 2 |
| 20 | CLIMATIC JUMP FROM LATE 1970S TO EARLY 1980S AND ITS EFFECT显示文摘By use of the moving T test to do research on the interdecadal climate jump of the NorthernHemisphere sea level pressure.500 hPa height and North Pacific sea surface temperature,wefound that in recent 50 years an obvious interdecadal climate jump existed at the late 1970s to theearly 1980s.There is significant difference before and after the jump in terms of the NorthernHemisphere sea level pressure,500 hPa height and North Pacific sea surface temperature.Furthermore,the focus is then placed on the effect of the jump on temperature and rainfall inChina. | 于淑秋 林学椿 | 2002 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2002，16，1： | 1 |
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