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| 1 | Climate variation since the Last Interglaciation recorded in the Guliya ice core显示文摘The climatic and environmental variations since the Last Interglaciation are reconstructed based on the study of the upper 268 m of the 309-m-long Guliya ice core. Five stages can be distinguished since the Last Interglaciation from the δ18O record in the Guliya ice core: Stage 1 (Deglaciation), Stage 2 (the Last Glacial Maximum), Stage 3 (interstadial), Stage 4 (interstadial in the early glacial maximum) and Stage 5 (the Last Interglaciation). Stage 5 can be divided further into 5 substages; a, b, c, d, e. The δ18O record in the Guliya ice core indicates clearly the close correlation between the temperature variation on the Tibetan Plateau and the solar activities. The study indicates that the solar activity is a main forcing to the climatic variation on the Tibetan Plateau. Through a comparison of the ice core record in Guliya with that in the Greenland and the Antarctic, it can be found that the variation of large temperature variation events in different parts of the world is generally the same, | 姚檀栋 L.G.Thompson 施雅风 秦大河 焦克勤 杨志红 田立德 E.M.Thompson | 1997 | Science China Earth Sciences1997，40，6： | 68 |
| 2 | Decadal climatic variations recorded in Guliya ice core and comparison with the historical documentary data from East China during the last 2000 years显示文摘The high-resolution records of δ18O and snow accumulation variations from the Guliya ice core provide valuable data for research on climatic variations at a decadal resolution during the past 2000 years in China. Based on the ice core data, five spells have been divided: the warm and wet period before 270 AD, the cold and dry period between 280 and 970 AD, the moderate and dry period between 970 and 1510 AD, the well-defined' Little Ice Age 'with drastic cold-warm fluctuations between 1510 and 1930 AD and the warming period since 1930 AD. According to the combination of temperature and precipitation, cold events (55 times) surpass warm ones (26 times), and dry events (55 times) surpass wet ones (45 times). Cold-wet events (14 times) are less than cold-dry ones (16 times), while warmwet events (10 times) are more than warm-dry ones (4 times). If the difference of 2‰ in δ18O (corresponding to 3K in temperature) between two or three adjacent decades is taken as the criterion of it, the abrupt | 施雅风 姚檀栋 杨保 | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，S1： | 31 |
| 3 | Study of spatial distribution of sandy desertification in North China in recent 10 years显示文摘Sandy desertification is a land degradation characterized by wind erosion, mainly resulted from the excessive human activities in arid, semiarid and part of sub-humid regions in North China. It is one of main kinds of desertification/land degradation as well as water-soil erosion and salinization in China. Rapid and continuous spread of sandy desertification during last 50 years has created a major environmental and socio-economic problem in North China. Remote sensing monitored results in 2000 showed that the sandy desertified land area has been 38.57×104 km2. The area of potential to slightly sandy desertified land is 13.93×104 km2, moderately land 9.977×104 km2, severely land 7.909×104 km2 and very severely land 6.756×104km2. Sandy desertification mainly occurs in the semi-arid mixed farming-grazing zone and its northern rangeland zone, semi-arid dryland rainfed cropping zone and arid oasis-desert margin zone. The average annually developmental rate of sandy desertified land increased from 2,100tion in North China is 'overall deterioration, while local rehabilitation'. Already achieved rehabilitation results and monitoring assessment show that about 60% of desertified land in North China can be restored under the conditions of rational land-use ways and intensity. | WANG Tao, WU Wei, XUE Xian, SUN Qingwei & CHEN GuangtingKey Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China Department of Environment Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China | 2004 | Science China Earth Sciences2004，47，z1： | 28 |
| 4 | Precise dating of abrupt shifts in the Asian Monsoon during the last deglaciation based on stalagmite data from Yamen Cave, Guizhou Province, China显示文摘Based on 33 U/Th dates and 1020 oxygen isotopic data from stalagmite Y1 from Yamen Cave, Guizhou Province, China, a record of the Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) was established. The record covers the last deglaciation and the early Holocene (from 16.2 to 7.3 ka BP) with an average oxygen isotope resolution of 9 years. The main millennial-scale deglacial events first identified in Greenland (Greenland Interstadial Events: GIS 1e through GIS 1a) and later in China are clearly present in the Y1 record. By analogy to earlier work, we refer to these as Chinese Interstadials (CIS): CIS A.1e to CIS A.1a. The onset of these events in Y1 δ18O records are nominally dated at: 14750±50, 14100±60, 13870±80, 13370±80, and 12990±80 a BP. The end of CIS A.1a or the beginning of the Younger Dryas (YD) event is nominally at 12850±50 a BP and the end of the YD dates to 11500±40 a BP. The δ18O values shift by close to 3‰ during the transition into the Bφlling-Allerφd (BA, the onset of CIS A.1e) and at the end of the YD. Comparisons of Y1 to previously published early Holocene records show no significant phase differences. Thus, the East Asia Monsoon and the Indian Monsoon do not appear to have been out of phase during this interval. The Y1 record confirms earlier work that suggested that solar insolation and North Atlantic climate both affect the Asian Monsoon. | EDWARDS R. Lawrence | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，5： | 22 |
| 5 | Discovery of Quaternary glacial evidence of Snow Mountain in Taiwan, China显示文摘There are glacial remains of three different periods on the main peak of Snow Mountain in Taiwan province, including cirque lake, crosswall, polished surface, striation, moraine ete. These three different periods were called, respectively, Shanzhuang ((44.25 ± 3.72) kaBP), Shuiyuan ((18.26 ± 1.52) kaBP), and Xueshan glacial stages (the late period of last glaciation). it is characterized by the earlier glacier broad in scale. | CUI Zhijiu YANG Jianfu LIU Gengnian WANG Xin SONG Guocheng | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，6： | 20 |
| 6 | Variation of precipitation for the last 300 years over the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River显示文摘The precipitation at 17 stations over the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River is reconstructed during the period of 1736―1910, using the snow and rainfall records in the Qing Dynasty, together with the instrumental observation data of precipitation and farmland soil moisture content. The soil physics model related to rainfall infiltration and the surface water bal-ance equation are taken as main reconstruction methodology. The field infiltration experiment by artificial rainfall is conducted to check the reliability. And the precipitation series over the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and its 4 sub-regions are established, going back to 1736. Analysis of the time series indicates that the abrupt change of precipitation from high to low oc-curs around 1915 over the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. During the three peri-ods of 1791―1805, 1816―1830 and 1886―1895, the precipitation is markedly higher than the mean of the series. While both the periods of 1916―1945 and 1981―2000 are characterized by less precipitation. Three periodicities of 22―25a, 3.9a and 2.7a are shown in the precipitation fluctuation over the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Moreover, the periodical signal of 22―25a becomes weaker and weaker since the abrupt change of 1915 and disappears in the late 1940s, and then the periodical signal of 35―40a appears instead. | ZHENG Jingyun HAO Zhixin GE Quansheng | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，12： | 20 |
| 7 | Reconstruction of paleocoastlines for the northwestern South China Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum显示文摘The range of relative sea level rise in the northwestern South China Sea since the Last Glacial Maximum was over 100 m. As a result, lowland regions including the Northeast Vietnam coast, Beibu Gulf, and South China coast experienced an evolution from land to sea. Based on the principle of reconstructing paleogeography and using recent digital elevation model, relative sea level curves, and sediment accumulation data, this paper presents a series of paleogeographic scenarios back to 20 cal. ka BP for the northwestern South China Sea. The scenarios demonstrate the entire process of coastline changes for the area of interest. During the late glacial period from 20 to 15 cal. ka BP, coastline slowly retreated, causing a land loss of only 1×104 km2, and thus the land-sea distribution remained nearly unchanged. Later in 15-10 cal. ka BP coastline rapidly retreated and area of land loss was up to 24×104 km2, causing lowlands around Northeast Vietnam and South China soon to be underwater. Coastline retreat continued quite rapidly during the early Holocene. From 10 to 6 cal. ka BP land area had decreased by 9×104 km2, and during that process the Qiongzhou Strait completely opened up. Since the mid Holocene, main controls on coastline change are from vertical crustal movements and sedimentation. Transgression was surpassed by regression, resulting in a land accretion of about 10×104 km2. | HARFF Jan MEYER Michael | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，8： | 18 |
| 8 | Ancient Changjiang channel system in the East China Sea continental shelf during the last glaciation显示文摘Based on the data of high-resolution seismic profiles, an ancient river channel sys-tem of the last glaciation occurred along the Zhedong and Xihu depression in the southeast of Hupijiao rise. The distribution of the channel fill system shows that the ancient Changjiang River went through the Changjiang depression into the low land plain of the outside continental shelf during the low sea level cycle of the last glaciation. The big channel fill into Okinawa Trough is not found due to the depletion of the river kinetic energy in the low land plain. The river discharge dispersal was of an important role to the dilution of the northern Okinawa Trough sea at that time. Six ancient river channel systems (A―F), which are main distributaries of ancient Changjiang in the East China Sea continental shelf during the last glaciation, may be buried off the modern Changjiang estuary. The distribution of these channels coincides with the zonal elevations in the sea floor. | LI Guangxue1,2, LIU Yong1, YANG Zigeng3, YUE Shuhong4, YANG Wenda5 & HAN Xibin1 1. College of Marine Geo-science, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China 2. Shandong Key Laboratory of Sea Floor Resource and Exploration Technique, Qingdao 266003, China 3. Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China 4. College of Marine Environment, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China 5. First Survey Team of Marine Geology, Shanghai Bureau of Petroleum, Shanghai 201208, China | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，11： | 17 |
| 9 | Severe Drought Events as Revealed in the Climate Records of China and Their Temperature Situations over the Last 1000 Years显示文摘The total 15 severe droughts are discovered with the aid of the 'Retrieval System of Chinese HistoricalClimate Records' for the last 1000 years. The droughts are extensive to envelope more than 4 provinces andpersistent to cover 3 yr or more, and their severity is equivalent to or in excess of that in the 1930s in China.According to the documentary records and restorations it can be inferred that most droughts are more severethan those in the last 50 years. The 15 droughts may either occur warm or in a cold climate background,with 11 of the 15 cases in the cold phase. This indicates the difference in climate correspondence betweenChina and northern America, showing the severity of the events in China to be in a cold instead of a warmclimate situation. That is likely to relate to the monsoon climate in eastern Asia. | 张德二 | 2005 | Acta meteorologica Sinica2005，19，4： | 15 |
| 10 | Climate instability in the Yili region, Xinjiang during the last glaciation显示文摘The climate is influenced by westerlies year in year out and the aeolian loess is widespread in the Yili region, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Through the study of the loess section with a thickness of 21.5 m, much useful information about climatic change in this region during the last glaciation was gotten. Grain size analysis of loess samples in the section showed that the climatic change in the Yili region was of instability during the last glaciation and similar to those of the North Atlantic Ocean and Greenland. In correspondence with the Heinrich events, the percentage of the size fraction of loess with grain size less than 10 μm decreased in cold stadials in the Yili region. This result suggests that the westerly wind be strengthened during the cold periods. Compared with the stadials, the content of the loess with grain size less than 10 μm was increased in interstadials, which indicated that the strength of the westerly wind was weakened. It is obvious that the climate was instable | YE Wei, DONG Guangrong, YUAN Yujiang & MA Yingjie1. Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China 2. Department of Geography, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China 3. Institute of Desert Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 4. Xinjiang Institute of Meteorological Research, Urumqi 830002, China | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，17： | 13 |
| 11 | East Asia winter monsoon oscillation and its correlation with the North Atlantic Heinrich events during the last glaciation | 鹿化煜 李力 黄湘萍 孙有斌 孙东怀 | 1996 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International1996，6，6： | 13 |
| 12 | A 60 000-year loess-paleosol record of millennial-scale summer monsoon instability from Lanzhou, China显示文摘The 28-m high-resolution Shajinping loess section in Lanzhou on the Chinese western Loess Plateau records a detailed history of millennial Asian summer monsoon change since the earlier last glaciation. Summer monsoon proxies of soil magnetic susceptibility, carbonate content and soil color show that Asian summer monsoon experienced a series of rapid | Yugo Ono Hitoshi Fukusawa Keiichi Oi | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，24： | 12 |
| 13 | Stepwise paleoceanographic changes during the lastdeglaciation in the southern South China Sea: Records of stable isotope and microfossils显示文摘Quantitative analyses of microfossils and stable isotopic analysis were carried out for Core SCS-12 in the southwestern slope of the South China Sea (SCS). A high-resolution paleoceanographic record for the last 13 ka was revealed with the AMS 14 C dates. The southern SCS has experienced stepwise paleoceanographic changes since the last deglaciation. The oxygen isotopic stage 1/2 boundary around 12.05 ka B.P. and the end of the last deglaciation around 7.70 ka B.P. are two rapid change periods (corresponding to the termination I\-A and termination I\-B, respectively), in between is a slow change period. The authors infer that the sea level stood at -110 m before the termination I\-A, roughly the same as today after the termination I\-B, and about -50 m in between. Subsequently, the average winter sea surface temperature and salinity obviously increased while paleo-productivity decreased since 12.05 ka B.P. The early Holocene CaCO\-3 preservation spike, coupled with a high abundance of pteropoda and CaCO\-3 content, occurred around 7.70 ka B.P. | 翦知湣 陈民本 林慧玲 汪品先 | 1998 | Science China Earth Sciences1998，41，2： | 11 |
| 14 | The two-step monsoon changes of the last deglaciation recorded in tropical Maar Lake Huguangyan,southern China显示文摘The concentrations of biogenic silica, total organic carbon, total nitrogen and total hydrogen inferred from the sediments of tropical Maar Lake Huguangyan, southern China, provide a climate record of the last deglaciation with century resolution. The records fully demonstrate the existence of the two-step shape of the last deglaciation in tropic East Asia, and they point out noticeable differences between the low and high latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere. Thus, the Boiling first warming at the last deglaciation in the low latitude may have preceded that of the high latitude, whereas the cooling of the Younger Dryas occurred synchronously in the two regions. These results likely suggest that the links between the low and high latitude climates in the Northern Hemisphere during this period are complexity. | J.Negendank J.Mingram | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，16： | 10 |
| 15 | ACE、CICARE及LAST护理服务理念在脑梗死患者康复护理中的应用效果显示文摘目的:观察ACE、CICARE及LAST护理服务在脑梗死患者康复护理中的应用效果。方法:将脑梗死恢复期患者60例随机分为观察组和对照组各30例。对照组行常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上行ACE、CICARE及LAST护理服务,比较2组患者护理满意度、Barthel指数、护理依从性、回归社会生活信心等心理状况。结果:观察组护理满意度、Barthel指数、护理治疗依从性、对回归社会生活的信心及心理状况优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:ACE、CICARE及LAST护理服务有利于提高脑梗死患者临床康复护理满意度,提高患者慢病自我管理能力,增加护理治疗依从性及患者回归社会生活的信心,减少焦虑及抑郁情绪等心理状况的发生。 | 张燕琴 李晓萍 孔维维 范东英 | 2019 | 西部中医药2019，32，11： | 10 |
| 16 | A broad deglacial δ^(13)C minimum event in planktonic foraminiferal records in the Okinawa Trough显示文摘The equatorial Pacific upwelling zone has been suspected of playing an important role in the global atmospheric CO2 changes associated with glacial-interglacial cycles. In order to assess the influencing scope of the surface water deglacial δ13C minimum in the tropical low-latitude Pacific, the core DGKS9603, collected from the middle Okinawa Trough, was examined for δ13C records of planktonic fo-raminifera N. dutertrei and G. ruber. The planktonic fo-raminiferal δ13C records show a clear decreasing event from 20 to 6 cal. kaBP., which is characterized by long duration of about 14 ka and amplitude shift of 0.4×10-3. Its minimum value occurred at 15.7 cal kaBP. The event shows fairly synchrony with the surface water deglacial δ13C minimum identified in the tropical Pacific and its marginal seas. Because there is no evidence in planktonic foraminiferal fauna and δ18O records for upwelling and river runoff enhancement, the broad deglacial δ13C minimum event in planktonic foraminiferal records | LI Tiegang, LIU Zhenxia, M. A. Hall, Y. Saito, S. Berne, GANG Shuxi & CHENG ZhenboInstitute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China The First Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Qingdao 266003, China Godwin I | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，7： | 7 |
| 17 | Deep-sea benthic foraminiferal record of the paleoceanography in the southern Okinawa Trough over the last 20 000 years显示文摘Quantitative analyses have been carried out on benthic foraminifera from 66 samples of Core 255 in the southern Okinawa Trough, in combination with the stable isotopic analyses of planktonic and benthic foraminifera and AMS 14C dating, in order to reconstruct the history of change under deep water conditions and surface paleoproduclivity over the last 20 000 years. The variations in the ratio of agglutinants in benthic foraminiferal fauna and the ratio of fragments in planktonic foraminifera] fauna indicate higher carbonate dissolution during the postglacial stage than during the glacial stage. The distribution of species and the results of Q-mode factor analysis show that there are three distinctly different benthic foraminiferal assemblages during the glacial, deglacial and postglacial stages in the Okinawa Trough over the last 20000 years: the glacial Bulimina aculeata assemblage (especially the dominant species Uvigerina pereyrina) is associated with high surface primary productivity and organic | 翦知湣 陈荣华 李保华 | 1996 | Science China Earth Sciences1996，39，5： | 6 |
| 18 | Evolution of permafrost in China during the last 20 ka显示文摘The formation and evolution of permafrost in China during the last 20 ka were reconstructed on the basis of large amount of paleo-permafrost remains and paleo-periglacial evidence, as well as paleo-glacial landforms, paleo-flora and paleofauna records. The results indicate that, during the local Last Glacial Maximum(LLGM) or local Last Permafrost Maximum(LLPMax), the extent of permafrost of China reached 5.3×106-5.4×106 km2, or thrice that of today, but permafrost shrank to only0.80×106-0.85×106 km2, or 50% that of present, during the local Holocene Megathermal Period(LHMP), or the local Last Permafrost Minimum(LLPMin). On the basis of the dating of periglacial remains and their distributive features, the extent of permafrost in China was delineated for the two periods of LLGM(LLPMax) and LHMP(LLPMin), and the evolution of permafrost in China was divided into seven periods as follows:(1) LLGM in Late Pleistocene(ca. 20000 to 13000-10800 a BP)with extensive evidence for the presence of intensive ice-wedge expansion for outlining its LLPMax extent;(2) A period of dramatically changing climate during the early Holocene(10800 to 8500-7000 a BP) when permafrost remained relatively stable but with a general trend of shrinking areal extent;(3) The LHMP in the Mid-Holocene(8500-7000 to 4000-3000 a BP)when permafrost degraded intensively and extensively, and shrank to the LLPMin;(4) Neoglaciation during the late Holocene(4000-3000 to 1000 a BP, when permafrost again expanded;(5) Medieval Warming Period(MWP) in the late Holocene(1000-500 a BP) when permafrost was in a relative decline;(6) Little Ice Age(LIA) in the late Holocene(500-100 a BP), when permafrost relatively expanded, and;(7) Recent warming(during the 20 th century), when permafrost continuously degraded and still is degrading. The paleo-climate, geography and paleopermafrost extents and other features were reconstructed for each of these seven periods. | Huijun JIN Xiaoying JIN Ruixia HE Dongliang LUO Xiaoli CHANG Shaoling WANG Sergey S MARCHENKO Sizhong YANG Chaolu YI Shijie LI Stuart A HARRIS | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，8： | 6 |
| 19 | Climate background of the evolution from Paleolithic to Neolithic cultural transition during the last deglaciation in the middle reaches of the Yellow River显示文摘Shizitan in Jixian County, Shanxi Province, is a site of transitional period from Paleolithic to Neolithic. The dating and the sporopollen analysis show that the middle reaches of the Yellow River where the site is located had been maintaining a steppe environment during 35.1-9.4 kaBP, in which, 35.1-17 kaBP belonged to the last glacial. With cold and dry climate, this period featured a desert steppe environment. In the late of this period, the area had a cold and half-humid steppe environment. The 17.0-11.9 kaBP belonged to the early- and mid-period of the last deglaciation. Mild and half-arid steppe alternates with mild and half-arid steppe, with a small amount of deciduous broadleaf species. During the period of 11.9-10.5 kaBP, cold and dry glacial climate appeared once more, featuring a desert steppe environment. During 10.5-9.4 kaBP, it is mild and half-arid, and later transited toward warm and half-humid. The early phase of this period featured a steppe environment and the later transited into a | Zhengkai Xia Ge Chen Gongwang Zheng Fuyou Chen Junqing Han | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，1： | 6 |
| 20 | Instability characteristics of the East Asian Monsoon recorded by high-resolution loess sections from the last interglacial (MIS5)显示文摘The selection of high-resolution loess sections is needed in order to determine the climatic variability of the East Asian Monsoon during the last interglacial. Two sequences of S1 on the eastern and west-ern sides of the Liupan Mountain were both composed of five paleosol layers and four loess layers,indicating that there were five strong summer monsoon events and four strong winter monsoon events in MIS5. This corresponds with other records of the East Asian Monsoon,along with NGRIP and the North Atlantic records,implying that the climate of the Northern Hemisphere was very instable during the last interglacial. Two layers of paleosols and one layer of loess had developed during MIS5a and MIS5c. Compared with MIS5e,the climate in MIS5a and MIS5c fluctuated more intensively on a millen-nial scale,whereas the climate was relatively stable in MIS5e. | GUAN QingYu PAN BaoTian GAO HongShan LI BingYuan WANG JunPing SU Huai | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，7： | 5 |
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