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| 1 | The role of the gut microbiome and its metabolites in metabolic diseases显示文摘It is well known that an unhealthy lifestyle is a major risk factor for metabolic diseases,while in recent years,accumulating evidence has demonstrated that the gut microbiome and its metabolites also play a crucial role in the onset and development of many metabolic diseases,including obesity,type 2 diabetes,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease,cardiovascular disease and so on.Numerous microorganisms dwell in the gastrointestinal tract,which is a key interface for energy acquisition and can metabolize dietary nutrients into many bioactive substances,thus acting as a link between the gut microbiome and its host.The gut microbiome is shaped by host genetics,immune responses and dietary factors.The metabolic and immune potential of the gut microbiome determines its significance in host health and diseases.Therefore,targeting the gut microbiome and relevant metabolic pathways would be effective therapeutic treatments for many metabolic diseases in the near future.This review will summarize information about the role of the gut microbiome in organism metabolism and the relationship between gut microbiome-derived metabolites and the pathogenesis of many metabolic diseases.Furthermore,recent advances in improving metabolic diseases by regulating the gut microbiome will be discussed. | Jiayu Wu Kai Wang Xuemei Wang Yanli Pang Changtao Jiang | 2021 | Protein & Cell2021，12，5： | 40 |
| 2 | Immunometabolism:A novel perspective of liver cancer microenvironment and its influence on tumor progression显示文摘The initiation and progression of liver cancer, including hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, are dependent on its tumor microenvironment. Immune cells are key players in the liver cancer microenvironment and show complicated crosstalk with cancer cells. Emerging evidence has shown that the functions of immune cells are closely related to cell metabolism. However, the effects of metabolic changes of immune cells on liver cancer progression are largely undefined. In this review, we summarize the recent findings of immunometabolism and relate these findings to liver cancer progression. We also explore the translation of the understanding of immunometabolism for clinical use. | Qi Zhang Yu Lou Xue-Li Bai Ting-Bo Liang | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，31： | 23 |
| 3 | Using specific secondary metabolites as markers to evaluate allelopathic potentials of rice varieties and individual plants显示文摘It is a key of the breeding of ailelopathic rice cultivars to evaluate and screen few accessions with ailelopathic traits from numerous rice accessions and individual plants. Rice varieties and individual plants with ailelopathic traits demonstrated their ailelopathic effects by producing and releasing specific secondary metabolites into environment. Therefore, using specific secondary metabolites as markers, the ailelopathic potentials of rice varieties and individual plants could be evaluated by HPLC. The ailelopathic potentials of 3000 rice accessions and some individual plants of F3 and F4 were evaluated by this method in 1 a. If these accessions and plants were evaluated by the traditional method in the field, it would take more than 10 a, furthermore, the breeding process of ailelopathic rice cultivars would be directed and monitored by this method. Isolation and structural identification of specific secondary metabolites was done by LC/MS coupling 1H and 13C NMR. It revealed that allelochemicals | KONG Chuihua XU Xiaohua HU Fei CHEN Xionghui LING Bing TAN Zhongwen | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，10： | 17 |
| 4 | The human gut sterolbiome:bile acid-microbiome endocrine aspects and therapeutics显示文摘The human body is now viewed as a complex ecosystem that on a cellular and gene level is mainly prokaryotic. The mammalian liver synthesizes and secretes hydrophilic primary bile acids, some of which enter the colon during the enterohepatic circulation, and are converted into numerous hydrophobic metabolites which are capable of entering the portal circulation, returned to the liver, and in humans,accumulating in the biliary pool. Bile acids are hormones that regulate their own synthesis, transport, in addition to glucose and lipid homeostasis, and energy balance. The gut microbial community through their capacity to produce bile acid metabolites distinct from the liver can be thought of as an 'endocrine organ'with potential to alter host physiology, perhaps to their own favor. We propose the term 'sterolbiome' to describe the genetic potential of the gut microbiome to produce endocrine molecules from endogenous and exogenous steroids in the mammalian gut. The affinity of secondary bile acid metabolites to host nuclear receptors is described, the potential of secondary bile acids to promote tumors, and the potential of bile acids to serve as therapeutic agents are discussed. | Jason M.Ridlon Jasmohan S.Bajaj | 2015 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2015，5，2： | 14 |
| 5 | The Structure and Function of Major Plant Metabolite Modifications显示文摘Plants produce a myriad of structurally and functionally diverse metabolites that play many different roles in plant growth and development and in plant response to continually changing environmental conditions as well as abiotic and biotic stresses. This metabolic diversity is, to a large extent, due to chemical modification of the basic skeletons of metabolites. Here, we review the major known plant metabolite modifications and summarize the progress that has been achieved and the challenges we are facing in the field. We focus on discussing both technical and functional aspects in studying the influences that various modifications have on biosynthesis, degradation, transport, and storage of metabolites, as well as their bioactivity and toxicity. Finally, we discuss some emerging insights into the evolution of metabolic pathways and metabolite functionality. | Shouchuang Wang Saleh Alseekh Alisdair R.Fernie Jie Luo | 2019 | Molecular Plant2019，12，7： | 13 |
| 6 | Gut microbiota metabolite regulation of host defenses at mucosal surfaces:implication in precision medicine显示文摘The gut microbiota has a well-established role in the regulation of host homeostasis.Multiple factors control the composition and function of the microbiota.The westernization of diet,a shift away from nutrient-dense foods toward diets high in saturated fats,has been implicated in the rise of chronic inflammatory diseases such as inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Diet is critical in the development and maintenance of a healthy microbiome,where dietary fiber(found in the highest amounts in fruits,vegetables,and legumes)is metabolized by the microbiome.In turn,the bacterial metabolites of dietary fiber,short chain fatty acids(SCFAs),regulate gut homeostasis.SCFAs engage G-protein coupled receptors(GPRs)and act as histone deacetylase inhibitors(HDACi)to module epithelial and immune cell functions in the intestines,where they generally promote an anti-inflammatory state.This review highlights the functions of SCFAs and their roles in the pathogenesis of IBD to provide insights into their potential therapeutic application for the treatment of IBD for the purposes of precision medicine. | Anthony J.Bilotta Yingzi Cong | 2019 | Precision Clinical Medicine2019，2，2： | 13 |
| 7 | Ursolic acid reduces hepatocellular apoptosis and alleviates alcohol-induced liver injury via irreversible inhibition of CASP3 in vivo显示文摘Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the pathogenic factors of chronic liver disease with the highest clinical morbidity worldwide. Ursolic acid (UA), a pentacyclic terpenoid carboxylic acid, has shown many health benefits including antioxidative, anti- inflammatory, anticancer, and hepatoprotective activities. We previously found that UA was metabolized in vivo into epoxy- modified UA containing an epoxy electrophilic group and had the potential to react with nucleophilic groups. In this study we prepared an alkynyl-modified UA (AM-UA) probe for tracing and capturing the target protein of UA from liver in mice, then investigated the mode by which UA bound to its target in vivo. By conducting proteome identification and bioinformatics analysis, we identified caspase-3 (CASP3) as the primary target protein of UA associated with liver protection. Molecule docking analysis showed that the epoxy group of the UA metabolite reacted with Cys-163 of CASP3, forming a covalent bond with CASP3. The binding mode of the UA metabolites (UA, CM-UA, and EM-UA) was verified by biochemical evaluation, demonstrating that the epoxy group produced by metabolism played an important role in the inhibition of CASP3. In alcohol-treated HepG2 cells, pretreatment with the UA metabolite (10 μM) irreversibly inhibited CASP3 activities, and subsequently decreased the cleavage of PARP and cell apoptosis. Finally, pre-administration of UA (20–80 mg· kg−1 per day, ig, for 1 week) dose-dependently alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury in mice mainly via the inhibition of CASP3. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that UA is a valuable lead compound for the treatment of ALD. | Xiao-yao Ma Man Zhang Ge Fang Chuan-jing Cheng Mu-kuo Wang Yi-man Han Xiao-tao Hou Er-wei Hao Yuan-yuan Hou Gang Bai | 2021 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2021，42，7： | 11 |
| 8 | Metabolomics of gastric cancer metastasis detected by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry显示文摘AIM:To elucidate the underlying mechanisms of metastasis and to identify the metabolomic markers of gastric cancer metastasis.METHODS:Gastric tumors from metastatic and nonmetastatic groups were used in this study.Metabolites and different metabolic patterns were analyzed by gas chromatography,mass spectrometry and principal components analysis (PCA),respectively.Differentiation performance was validated by the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristic curves.RESULTS:Twenty-nine metabolites were differentially expressed in animal models of human gastric cancer.Of the 29 metabolites,20 were up-regulated and 9 were down-regulated in metastasis group compared to non-metastasis group.PCA models from the metabolite profiles could differentiate the metastatic from the nonmetastatic specimens with an AUC value of 1.0.These metabolites were mainly involved in several metabolic pathways,including glycolysis (lactic acid,alaline),serine metabolism (serine,phosphoserine),proline metabolism (proline),glutamic acid metabolism,tricarboxylic acid cycle (succinate,malic acid),nucleotide metabolism (pyrimidine),fatty acid metabolism (docosanoic acid,and octadecanoic acid),and methylation(glycine).The serine and proline metabolisms were highlighted during the progression of metastasis.CONCLUSION:Proline and serine metabolisms play an important role in metastasis.The metabolic profiling of tumor tissue can provide new biomarkers for the treatment of gastric cancer metastasis. | Jin-Lian Chen,Jun-Duo Hu,Jing Fan,Jing Hong,Department of Gastroenterology,Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200233,China Hui-Qing Tang,Jian-Zhong Gu,Shanghai Laboratory Animal Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201615,China | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，46： | 11 |
| 9 | The metabolite α-KG induces GSDMC-dependent pyroptosis through death receptor 6-activated caspase-8显示文摘Pyroptosis is a form of regulated cell death mediated by gasdermin family members,among which the function of GSDMC has not been clearly described.Herein,we demonstrate that the metabolite a-ketoglutarate(α-KG)induces pyroptosis through caspase-8-mediated cleavage of GSDMC Treatment with DM-αKG,a cell-permeable derivative of α-KG,elevates ROS levels,which leads to oxidation of the plasma membrane-localized death receptor DR6. | Jia-yuan Zhang Bo Zhou Ru-yue Sun Yuan-li Ai Kang Cheng Fu-nan Li Bao-rui Wang Fan-jian Liu Zhi-hong Jiang Wei-jia Wang Dawang Zhou Hang-zi Chen Qiao Wu | 2021 | Cell Research2021，31，9： | 10 |
| 10 | Drug metabolism in drug discovery and development显示文摘Drug metabolism as a discipline plays an important role in drug discovery and development and the effects of drug metabolism on pharmacokinetics(PK), pharmacodynamics(PD), and safety should be carefully considered. This communication provides an overview of common strategies in the area of drug metabolism for improving PK/PD and safety profiles of drug candidates; these include, but are not limited to, collaboration with medicinal chemists on structure–activity relationships(SAR) to overcome high clearance, using deuterium replacement to further optimize a lead, prodrug approaches to circumvent formulation and delivery difficulties, and addressing issues such as species differences in metabolism,drug–drug interactions(DDI) and formation of reactive metabolites. | Zhoupeng Zhang Wei Tang | 2018 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2018，8，5： | 9 |
| 11 | Intestinal microbiota composition in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: establishment of bacterial and archaeal communities analyses显示文摘Background:Emerging evidences have indicated that the composition of gut microbiota was significantly influenced by central nervous system diseases.The digestion and metabolism disturbances of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) might be strongly associated with ALS;however,this has rarely been evaluated in these populations.This study was to evaluate bacterial and archaeal composition of gut flora and the corresponding metabolism performance of these micro-organisms in fecal samples of patients with ALS.Methods:A comparative study was performed on the intestinal microbiota from eight patients with ALS and eight healthy individuals at Huadong Hospital during November 2017 to April 2018;meanwhile,the metabolite concentrations of human endotoxin,short-chain fatty acids (SCFA),NO2-N/NO3-N,and γ-aminobutyric acid were also evaluated by spectrophotometry methods.The correlations between intestinal microbiota and metabolite concentration were compared between the two groups using one-way analysis of variance;the relative abundance of beneficial and harmful micro-organisms in fecal samples was also analyzed.Results:In general,the richness and evenness of bacterial and archaeal communities of healthy individuals were healthier than that of patients with ALS.The phylum Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio,genus Methanobrevibacter showed an enhancive tendency in patients with ALS,whereas the relative abundance of beneficial micro-organisms (genera Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides) presented a significant decrease tendency in patients with ALS.In addition,the average concentrations of human endotoxin,SCFA,NO2-N/NO3-N,and γ-aminobutyric acid in patients with ALS and healthy individuals were 64.2 vs.65.3 EU/mL,57.5 vs.55.3 μg/mL,5.7 vs.5.3 ng/mL,and 6.1 vs.5.4 tmol/L,respectively,indicating that the digestion and metabolism functions of gastrointestinal tract of patients might decline with this disease.Conclusions:The relative abundance of beneficial and harmful micro-organisms respectively showed decrease and increase tendency in patients with ALS. | Chao-Di Zhai Jie-Jiao Zheng Bing-Chen An Hong-Fang Huang Zhou-Chun Tan | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，15： | 9 |
| 12 | Altered profiles of fecal metabolites correlate with visceral hypersensitivity and may contribute to symptom severity of diarrhea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘BACKGROUND Fecal metabolites are associated with gut visceral sensitivity,mucosal immune function and intestinal barrier function,all of which have critical roles in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).However,the metabolic profile and pathophysiology of IBS are still unclear.We hypothesized that altered profiles of fecal metabolites might be involved in the pathogenesis of IBS with predominant diarrhea(IBS-D).AIM To investigate the fecal metabolite composition and the role of metabolites in IBSD pathophysiology.METHODS Thirty IBS-D patients and 15 age-and sex-matched healthy controls(HCs)underwent clinical and psychological assessments,including the IBS Symptom Severity System(IBS-SSS),an Italian modified version of the Bowel Disease Questionnaire,the Bristol Stool Form Scale(BSFS),the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,and the Visceral Sensitivity Index.Visceral sensitivity to rectal distension was tested using high-resolution manometry system by the same investigator.Fecal metabolites,including amino acids and organic acids,were measured by targeted metabolomics approaches.Correlation analyses between these parameters were performed.RESULTS The patients presented with increased stool water content,more psychological symptoms and increased visceral hypersensitivity compared with the controls.In fecal metabolites,His[IBS-D:0.0642(0.0388,0.1484),HC:0.2636(0.0780,0.3966),P=0.012],Ala[IBS-D:0.5095(0.2826,0.9183),HC:1.0118(0.6135,1.4335),P=0.041],Tyr[IBS-D:0.1024(0.0173,0.4527),HC:0.5665(0.2436,1.3447),P=0.018],Phe[IBS-D:0.1511(0.0775,0.3248),HC:0.3967(0.1388,0.7550),P=0.028],and Trp[IBS-D:0.0323(0.0001,0.0826),HC:0.0834(0.0170,0.1759),P=0.046]were decreased in IBS-D patients,but isohexanoate[IBS-D:0.0127(0.0060,0.0246),HC:0.0070(0.0023,0.0106),P=0.028]was significantly increased.Only Tyr was mildly correlated with BSFS scores in all subjects(r=-0.347,P=0.019).A possible potential biomarker panel was identified to correlate with IBS-SSS score(R2 Adjusted=0.693,P<0.001).In this regression model,the levels of Tyr,Val,hexanoate,fumarate,and pyruvate were significantly associated with the symptom severity of IBS-D.Furthermore,visceral sensation,including abdominal pain and visceral hypersensitivity,was correlated with isovalerate,valerate and isohexanoate.CONCLUSION Altered profiles of fecal metabolites may be one of the origins or exacerbating factors of symptoms in IBS-D via increasing visceral sensitivity. | Wen-Xue Zhang Yu Zhang Geng Qin Kai-Min Li Wei Wei Su-Yun Li Shu-Kun Yao | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，43： | 8 |
| 13 | Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry based metabolomic study in a murine model of irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘AIM To study the role of microbial metabolites in the modulation of biochemical and physiological processes in irritable bowel syndrome(IBS).METHODS In the current study, using a metabolomic approach, we analyzed the key metabolites differentially excreted in the feces of control mice and mice with IBS, with or without Clostridium butyricum(C. butyricum) treatment. C57 BL/6 mice were divided into control, IBS, and IBS + C. butyricum groups. In the IBS and IBS + C. butyricum groups, the mice were subjected to water avoidance stress(WAS) for 1 h/d for ten days. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry(GC-MS) together with multivariate analysis was employed to compare the fecal samples between groups. RESULTS WAS exposure established an appropriate model of IBS in mice, with symptoms of visceral hyperalgesia and diarrhea. The differences in the metabolite profiles between the control group and IBS group significantly changed with the progression of IBS(days 0, 5, 10, and 17). A total of 14 differentially excreted metabolites were identified between the control and IBS groups, and phenylethylamine was a major metabolite induced by stress. In addition, phenylalanine metabolism was found to be the most relevant metabolic pathway. Between the IBS group and IBS + C. butyricum group, 10 differentially excreted metabolites were identified. Among these, pantothenate and coenzyme A(Co A) biosynthesis metabolites, as well as steroid hormone biosynthesis metabolites were identified as significantly relevant metabolic pathways.CONCLUSION The metabolic profile of IBS mice is significantly altered compared to control mice. Supplementation with C. butyricum to IBS mice may provide a considerable benefit by modulating host metabolism. | Lei-Min Yu Ke-Jia Zhao Shuang-Shuang Wang Xi Wang Bin Lu | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，8： | 7 |
| 14 | Characterization of ornidazole metabolites in human bile after intraveneous doses by ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry显示文摘Ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC/Q-TOF MS)was used to characterize ornidazole metabolites in human bile after intravenous doses.A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS)assay was developed for the determination of the bile level of ornidazole.Bile samples,collected from four patients with T-tube drainage after biliary tract surgery,were prepared by protein precipitation with acetonitrile before analysis.A total of 12 metabolites,including 10 novel metabolites,were detected and characterized.The metabolites of ornidazole in human bile were the products of hydrochloride(HCl)elimination,oxidative dechlorination,hydroxylation,sulfation,diastereoisomeric glucuronation,and substitution of NO_(2) or Cl atom by cysteine or N-acetylcysteine,and oxidative dechlorination followed by further carboxylation.The bile levels of ornidazole at 12 h after multiple intravenous infusions were well above its minimal inhibitory concentration for common strains of anaerobic bacteria. | Jiangbo Du Pan Deng Xiaoyan Chen Haidong Wang Tiangeng You Dafang Zhong | 2012 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2012，2，2： | 5 |
| 15 | Gut microbiota mediated molecular events and therapy in liver diseases显示文摘Gut microbiota is a community of microorganisms that reside in the gastrointestinaltract. An increasing number of studies has demonstrated that the gutliveraxis plays a critical role in liver homeostasis. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota cancause liver diseases, including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and alcoholic liverdisease. Preclinical and clinical investigations have substantiated that themetabolites and other molecules derived from gut microbiota and diet interactionfunction as mediators to cause liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and final cancer. This effecthas been demonstrated to be associated with dysregulation of intrahepaticimmunity and liver metabolism. Targeting these findings have led to thedevelopment of novel preventive and therapeutic strategies. Here, we review thecellular and molecular mechanisms underlying gut microbiota-mediated impacton liver disease. We also summarize the advancement of gut microbiota-basedtherapeutic strategies in the control of liver diseases. | Xiaoqiang Qi Ming Yang Joseph Stenberg Rahul Dey Leslie Fogwe Muhammad Shawkat Alam Eric TKimchi Kevin F Staveley-O'Carroll Guangfu Li | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，48： | 5 |
| 16 | Role of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘Objective:The metabolites produced by the gut microbiota are of interest to scientists.The objective of this review was to provide an updated summary of progress regarding the microbiota and their metabolites and influences on the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Data sources:The author retrieved information from the PubMed database up to January 2018,using various combinations of search terms,including IBD,microbiota,and metabolite.Study selection:Both clinical studies and animal studies of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in IBD were selected.The information explaining the possible pathogenesis of microbiota in IBD was organized.Results:In IBD patients,the biodiversity of feces/mucosa-associated microbiota is decreased,and the probiotic microbiota is also decreased,whereas the pathogenic microbiota are increased.The gut microbiota may be a target for diagnosis and treatment of IBD.Substantial amounts of data support the view that the microbiota and their metabolites play pivotal roles in IBD by affecting intestinal permeability and the immune response.Conclusions:This review highlights the advances in recent gut microbiota research and clarifies the importance of the gut microbiota in IBD pathogenesis.Future research is needed to study the function of altered bacterial community compositions and the roles of metabolites. | Li-Na Dong Mu Wang Jian Guo Jun-Ping Wang | 2019 | Chinese Medical Journal2019，，13： | 5 |
| 17 | n-Hexadecane and pyrene biodegradation and metabolization by Rhodococcus sp. T1 isolated from oil contaminated soil显示文摘The high-molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) pyrene and typical long chain alkane nhexadecane are both difficult to degrade. In this study, n-hexadecane and pyrene degrading strain Rhodococcus sp. T1 was isolated from oil contaminated soil. Strain T1 could remove 90.81% n-hexadecane(2 vol%) and 42.79% pyrene(200 mg·L^(-1)) as a single carbon within 5 days, respectively. Comparatively, the degradation of pyrene increased to 60.63%, but the degradation of n-hexadecane decreased to 87.55% when these compounds were mixed. Additionally, identification and analysis of degradation metabolites of Rhodococcus sp. T1 in the above experiments showed that there were significant changes in alanine, methylamine, citric acid and heptadecanoic acid between sole and dual substrate degradation. The optimal conditions for degradation were then determined based on analysis of the pH, salinity, additional nutrient sources and liquid surface activity.Under the optimal conditions of pH 7.0, 35 °C, 0.5% NaCl, 5 mg·L^(-1) of yeast extract and 90 mg·L^(-1) of surfactant,the degradation increased in single or dual carbon sources. To our knowledge, this is the first study to discuss metabolite changes in Rhodococcus sp. T1 using sole substrate and dual substrate to enhance the long-chain alkanes and PAHs degradation potential. | Xiaoqiang Jia Yun He Lei Huang Dawei Jiang Wenyu Lu | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，2： | 5 |
| 18 | Pharmacokinetics of H002, a novel S1PR_1 modulator, and its metabolites in rat blood using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry显示文摘A rapid and sensitive liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry(LC–MS/MS) method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of H002 and its phosphorylated metabolite, H002-P and hydroxylated metabolite H002-M, in rat blood. H001, an analogue of H002, was used as the internal standard.Blood samples were prepared by simple protein precipitation. The analytes and internal standard were separated on a Zorbax SB-C18 column with a gradient mobile phase consisting of methanol and water containing 0.1% formic acid at a flow rate of 0.2 mL /min with an operating temperature of 20 1C. The detection was performed on a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometer with positive electrospray ionization in multiple-reaction monitoring mode.Linear detection responses were obtained from 0.2–100 ng/mL for H002 and H002-M, while 0.5–100 ng/mL for H002-P. The intra- and inter-day precision(RSD%) was within 11.76%, with the accuracy(RE%) ranging from –9.84% to 9.12%. The analytes were shown to be stable during sample storage, preparation and analytic procedures.The method was applied to determine the pharmacokinetics of H002 in rats, and a preliminary study showed that the pharmacokinetics of H002 correlated with its biological effect on peripheral blood lymphocytes. | Jiaqi Mi Manman Zhao Shu Yang Shuang Yang Jing Jin Xiaojian Wang Qiong Xiao Jinping Hu Yan Li | 2016 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2016，6，6： | 5 |
| 19 | Metabolites of Icariin in Urine Following Oral Administration显示文摘Urinary metabolites of icariin, present in Epimedium, were investigated using rats. In the urine of rats administered icariin orally, two major metabolites were detected, which were identified as icariside Ⅱ and icaritin by means of spectral data. | Feng QIU Ying Jie CHEN Yoshihiro KANO Xin Sheng YAO(Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110015 (Hokkaido College of Pharmacy, Japan) | 1998 | Chinese Chemical Letters1998，9，4： | 5 |
| 20 | 大鼠尿液中硝基安定代谢物的GC-MS检验显示文摘The metabolites and metabolic passways of nitrazepam in rat were confirmed.Wistar rats were feed a pill of nitrazepam,24 h urine reactions were collected.After β-Glucuronidase hydrolysis of the urine samples,the fractions were extracted by Oasis HLB3cc solid-phase column and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with DB-35 MS column.7-Acetylaminonitrazepam,7-aminonitrazepam and 2-amino-5-nitrophenylphenylmethanone were identified as nitrazepam metabolites.The results suggested that two metabolic passways for nitrazepam may be operative in rat.The first passway leads to the corresponding 7-aminonimetazepam in which the amino group is subsequently acetylated.The second passway is open the parent compounds rings to 2-amino-5-nitrophenylphenylmethanone.Nitrazepam was metabolized quickly in rats and 7-acetylaminonitrazepam were the main metabolites in urine. | 黄克建 潘智文 李宏森 林翠梧 刘晓锋 罗正坚 李璐 陈而廉 朱定姬 | 2008 | 分析测试学报2008，27，S1： | 4 |
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