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| 1 | Regional ozone pollution and key controlling factors of photochemical ozone production in Pearl River Delta during summer time显示文摘An intensive field campaign including measurements from the environmental monitoring network and from two super sites took place in the Pearl River Delta region in summer 2006.Using routinely measured O3 and NOx concentrations,the spatial and temporal variation of O3 and of the total oxidant concentrations was characterized.According to the spatial variability of NO2/NO,the two super sites were found to be representative of polluted urban and downwind suburban conditions.In addition,both sites were located in high O3 regions.In-depth diagnostic of photochemical ozone production processes and their key controlling factors are achieved with an observation-based model(OBM) to gain regional perspectives.Budget analysis and sensitivity model runs show that aldehyde and HONO chemistry had significant impacts on local photochemical ozone production rates.The analysis of calculated Relative Incremental Reactivities shows that photochemical ozone production rates are mainly sensitive to anthropogenic hydrocarbons(HCs) in the polluted urban areas.In the suburban areas,sensitivity to nitrogen oxide(NO) concentrations dominated.Key anthropogenic HCs in both areas are alkenes and aromatics.Significant differences of ozone production efficiencies are identified between the urban and suburban regions,consistent with the OBM diagnosed results. | CHANG ChihChung CHOU C.K.Charles Andreas Wahner | 2010 | Science China Chemistry2010,53,3: | 34 |
| 2 | Study of ozone “weekend effect” in Shanghai显示文摘Analysis of observed ozone data in 2006 from five monitoring sites (Xujiahui, Chongming, Baoshan, Pudong, Jinshan) in Shanghai reveals that ozone (O_3) concentrations in Xujiahui are higher at week-ends than those on weekdays, despite the fact that emissions of ozone precursor substances, such as oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are lower at weekends than those on weekdays. The possible chemical cause of ozone 'weekend effect' is that NO_2/NO ratio increases at weekends by 25.61% compared with those on weekdays. In addition, because of an average 12.13% reduction in NOx (NO + NO_2) in the early morning (05:00-09:00) at weekends compared with that on weekdays, the ozone inhibition period ends 0.5 h earlier at weekends resulting in the longer duration of ozone accumulation and the higher ozone production rate. The rate of ozone production is a function of VOCs and NOx in the atmosphere. VOCs/NOx ratio in Xujiahui is 4.55 at weekends, and 4.37 on weekdays, belonging to the 'NOx-limited'. The increasing VOCs/NOx ratio at weekends leads to ozone enhancement from 73 ppbv to 80 ppbv, which are consistent with ozone 'weekend effect' in Xujiahui. Furthermore, combining with MICAPS cloud amount data, the fact that ozone 'weekend effect' in Xujiahui weakens gradually along with the increasing of cloud amount indicates that ozone photochemical production leads to ozone 'weekend effect' in Xujiahui of Shanghai. | TANG WenYuan1↑, ZHAO ChunSheng1, GENG FuHai1,2, PENG Li2, ZHOU GuangQiang2, GAO Wei2, XU JianMing2 & TIE XueXi2,3 1 Department of Atmospheric Science, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 2 Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratory of Shanghai Meteorological Bureau, Shanghai 200030, China 3 Atmospheric Chemistry Division, NCAR, Boulder CO 80301, USA | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008,51,9: | 23 |
| 3 | Visible light-driven organic photochemical synthesis in China显示文摘In recent years, visible light-driven organic photochemical synthesis has attracted wide research interest from academic and industrial communities due to its features of green and sustainable chemistry. In this flourishing area, Chinese chemists have devoted great efforts to different aspects of synthetic chemistry. This review will summarize their representative work according to the following categories: C–H functionalization, synthesis of aromatic aza-heterocycles, asymmetric organic photochemical synthesis, transformations of small molecules and biomolecule-compatible reactions. | Yiyun Chen Liang-Qiu Lu Da-Gang Yu Cheng-Jian Zhu Wen-Jing Xiao | 2019 | Science China Chemistry2019,62,1: | 19 |
| 4 | Current technology development for CO2 utilization into solar fuels and chemicals:A review显示文摘The continuous consumption of fossil fuels causes two important impediments including emission of large concentrations of CO2 resulting in global warming and alarming utilization of energy assets.The conversion of greenhouse gas CO2 into solar fuels can be an expedient accomplishment for the solution of both problems,all together.CO2 reutilization into valuable fuels and chemicals is a great challenge of the current century.Owing to limitations in traditional approaches,there have been developed many novel technologies such as photochemical,biochemical,electrochemical,plasma-chemical and solar thermochemical.They are currently being used for CO2 capture,sequestration,and utilization to transform CO2 into valuable products such as syngas,methane,methanol,formic acid,as well as fossil fuel consumption reduction.This review summarizes different traditional and novel thermal technologies used in CO2 conversion with detailed information about their working principle,types,currently adopted methods,developments,conversion rates,products formed,catalysts and operating conditions.Moreover,a comparison of these novel technologies in terms of distinctive key features such as conversion rate,yield,use of earth metals,renewable energy,investment,and operating cost has been provided in order to have a useful review for future research direction. | Azeem Mustafa Bachirou Guene Lougou Yong Shuai Zhijiang Wang Heping Tan | 2020 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2020,29,10: | 16 |
| 5 | Photochemical pollution in Lanzhou, China - A case study显示文摘The photochemical air pollution in Xigu district of Lanshou city, Gansu Province was studied during a period of 1981-1984. The extremely high NMHC/NOx ratio and ozone level elevation after rain have been noticed. A series of outdoor and indoor reaction chamber simulation experiments conducted in order to understand the specific conditions. The ozone formation under NMHC/NOx condition and the possible reason for high ozone concentration after rain are discussed. | Tang Xiaoyan , Li Jinglong, Dong ZhenXing, Wang Yuying,Wang Wenxing , Qi Liwen, Liu Xiling, Zhang Yutian, Zhang Xuejin,Tian Bingshen, Jin Suwen , Yang Lingqing and Zhang Yixin Department of Technical Physics,Peking University, Beijing, China. Chinese Reaearch Academy of Eavironmental Sciences, Beijing,China. Gansu Provincial Environmental Research Institute, Lanshou, China. Lanshou Petrochemical Engineering Institute, Lanshou, China. | 1989 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1989,1,1: | 15 |
| 6 | Understanding primary and secondary sources of ambient oxygenated volatile organic compounds in Shenzhen utilizing photochemical age-based parameterization method显示文摘Oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs) are key intermediates in the atmospheric photooxidation process. To further study the primary and secondary sources of OVOCs,their ambient levels were monitored using a proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometer(PTR-MS) at an urban site in the Pearl River Delta of China. Continuous monitoring campaigns were conducted in the spring, summer, fall, and winter of 2016. Among the six types of OVOC species, the mean concentrations of methanol were the highest in each season(up to 13–20 ppbv), followed by those of acetone, acetaldehyde and acetic acid(approximately 2–4 ppbv), while those of formic acid and methyl ethyl ketone(MEK) were the lowest(approximately 1–2 ppbv). As observed from a diurnal variation chart, the OVOCs observed in Shenzhen may have been affected by numerous factors such as their primary and secondary sources and photochemical consumption. The photochemical age-based parameterization method was used to apportion the sources of ambient OVOCs. Methanol had significant anthropogenic primary sources but negligible anthropogenic secondary sources during all of the seasons. Acetone, MEK and acetic acid were mostly attributed to anthropogenic primary sources during each season with smaller contributions from anthropogenic secondary sources. Acetaldehyde had similar contributions from both anthropogenic secondary and anthropogenic primary sources throughout the year.Meanwhile, anthropogenic primary sources contributed the most to formic acid. | Bo Zhu Yu Han Chuan Wang Xiaofeng Huang Shiyong Xia Yingbo Niu Zixuan Yin Lingyan He | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019,31,1: | 13 |
| 7 | The levels, sources and reactivity of volatile organic compounds in a typical urban area of Northeast China显示文摘Air concentrations of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) were continually measured at a monitoring site in Shenyang from 20 August to 16 September 2017. The average concentrations of alkanes, alkenes, aromatics and carbonyls were 28.54, 6.30, 5.59 and9.78 ppbv, respectively. Seven sources were identified by the Positive Matrix Factorization model based on the measurement data of VOCs and CO. Vehicle exhaust contributed the most(36.15%) to the total propene-equivalent concentration of the measured VOCs,followed by combustion emission(16.92%), vegetation emission and secondary formation(14.33%), solvent usage(10.59%), petrochemical industry emission(9.89%), petrol evaporation(6.28%), and liquefied petroleum gas(LPG) usage(5.84%). Vehicle exhaust, solvent usage and combustion emission were found to be the top three VOC sources for O_3 formation potential, accounting for 34.52%, 16.55% and 11.94%, respectively. The diurnal variation of the total VOCs from each source could be well explained by their emission characteristics,e.g., the two peaks of VOC concentrations from LPG usage were in line with the cooking times for breakfast and lunch. Wind rose plots of the VOCs from each source could reveal the possible distribution of the sources around the monitoring site. The O_3 pollution episodes during the measurement period were found to be coincident with the elevation of VOCs, which was mainly due to the air parcel from the southeast direction where petrochemical industry emission was found to be dominant, suggesting that the petrochemical industry emission from the southeast was probably a significant cause of O_3 pollution in Shenyang. | Zhuobiao Ma Chengtang Liu Chenglong Zhang Pengfei Liu Can Ye Chaoyang Xue Di Zhao Jichen Sun Yiming Du Fahe Chai Yujing Mu | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019,31,5: | 12 |
| 8 | Characterizing oxygenated volatile organic compounds and their sources in rural atmospheres in China显示文摘Oxygenated volatile organic compounds(OVOCs) are important precursors and products of atmospheric secondary pollution. The sources of OVOCs, however, are still quite uncertain,especially in the atmosphere with much pollution in China. To study the sources of OVOCs in rural atmospheres, a proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry(PTR-MS) was deployed at a northern rural site(WD) and a southern rural site(YMK) in China during the summer of 2014 and 2016, respectively. The continuous observation showed that the mean concentration of TVOCs(totally 17 VOCs) measured at WD(52.4 ppbv) was far higher than that at YMK(11.1 ppbv), and the OVOCs were the most abundant at both the two sites. The diurnal variations showed that local sources of OVOCs were still prominent at WD, while regional transport influenced YMK much. The photochemical age-based parameterization method was then used to quantitatively apportion the sources of ambient OVOCs. The anthropogenic primary sources at WD and YMK contributed less(2%–16%) to each OVOC species. At both the sites, the atmospheric background had a dominant contribution(~ 50%) to acetone and formic acid, while the anthropogenic secondary formation was the main source(~ 40%) of methanol and MEK. For acetaldehyde and acetic acid, the biogenic sources were their largest source(~ 40%) at WD, while the background(39%) and anthropogenic secondary formation(42%) were their largest sources at YMK, respectively. This study reveals the complexity of sources of OVOCs in China, which urgently needs explored further. | Yu Han Xiaofeng Huang Chuan Wang Bo Zhu Lingyan He | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019,31,7: | 12 |
| 9 | Hypoglycaemic effect of Berberis vulgaris L.in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats显示文摘Objective:To achieve a primary pharmacological screening contained in the aqueous extract of Berberis vulgaris(B.vulgaris) and to examine the hypoglycaemic effect and biochemical parameters of aqueous and saponins extract on groups of rats rendered diabetic by injection of streptozotocin.Methods:The phytochemicol tests to detect the presence of different compounds were based on the visual observation of color change or formation of precipitate after the addition of specific reagents.Diabetes was induced in rats by intraperitoneal(i.p.) injection of streptozotocin(STZ) at a dose of 65 mg/kg bw.The fasting blood glucose levels were estimated by glucose oxidase-peroxidase reactive strips(Dextrostix,Bayer Diagnostics).Blood samples were taken by cutting the tip of the tail.Serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides were estimated by enzymatic DHBS colorimetric method.Results:Administration of 62.5 and 2S.0 mg/kg of saponins and aqueous extract respectively in normal rats group shows a significant hypoglycemic activity(32.33%and 40.17%respectively) during the first week.However,diabetic group treated with saponin extract produced a maximum fall of 73.1%and 76.03%at day 1 and day 21 compared to the diabetics control.Also,blood glucose levels of the diabetic rats treated with aqueous extract showed decrease of 78.79%on the first day and the effect remains roughly constant during 3 week. Both extracts also declined significantly biochemical parameters(20.77%-49.00%).The control in the loss of body weight was observed in treated diabetic rats as compared to diabetic controls. Conclusions:These results demonstrated significant antidiabetic effects and showed that serum cholesterol and serum triglycerides levels were decreased,significantly,consequently this plant might be of value in diabetes treatment. | Nawel Meliani Mohamed El Amine Dib Hocine Allali Boufeldja Tabti | 2011 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2011,1,6: | 6 |
| 10 | Metal-Carbene-TempIated Photochemistry in Solution: A Universal Route towards Cyclobutane Derivatives显示文摘Background and Originality Content Cyclobutane moieties are an important class of motifs since they are frequently found in the medicinally relevant compounds such as alkaloids and pharmaceuticals.[1] Therefore,the development of efficient synthetic strategies for the construction of cyclobutanes and their derivatives has always been a focus of inter-est.[2a] Photochemical reactions are powerful tools for synthesizing compounds with high complexity and diversity.[2b-h] Among them,photochemical[2+2]cycloaddition is a widely used protocol for the preparation of such compounds.[2h]However,this kind of reaction always suffers from the challenges of controlling the resulting products of the intermolecular[2+2]photodimerization.In principle,to achieve cyclobutanes via[2+2]cycloaddition,the two olefins should be oriented in a parallel fashion keeping the distance less than 4.2 A apart from each other. | Yang Li Guang-Feng Jin Yuan-Yuan An Rajorshi Das Ying-Feng Han | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2019,37,11: | 5 |
| 11 | In-situ synthesis of PHEMA magnetic nanogels via photochemical method显示文摘One-pot synthesis of magnetic nanogels via photochemical method is reported in this paper. Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)(PHEMA) magnetic nanogels are synthesized by in-situ polymeriza-tion of 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate(HEMA) and N,N'-methylene-bis-(acrylamide)(MBA) in Fe3O4 aqueous suspension under UV irradiation. The structure and compositions of magnetic nanogels are characterized by FTIR,TGA,SEM,TEM and PCS. TGA measurement indicates that magnetic nanogels contain 90% magnetite. Both naked Fe3O4 and magnetic nanogels are superparamagnatic at room temperature according to magnetization curves. The swollen capability of the hydrogel shell is proved by contrasting the particles sizes obtained by SEM,TEM and PCS. Particle diameters can be manipu-lated by changing monomer concentration and irradiation time. A mechanism of the coating process is proposed. | GONG PeiJun SUN HanWen HONG Jun XU DongMei YAO SiDe | 2007 | Science China Chemistry2007,50,2: | 4 |
| 12 | MEASUREMENTS AND MODEL SIMULATIONS OF SURFACE OZONE VARIATIONS AT DIFFERENT BACKGROUND CONCENTRATIONS OF THE PRECURSORS显示文摘Ozone photochemical production and loss in very different environments at Waliguan baselinestation and Lin’an background station were simulated by using the measurement data and photo-chemical box model.The results show that net ozone photochemical production rate is negative,about 0.5 ppb/d,at Waliguan baseline sation,because of very low precursor concentrations.Butat Lin’an background station,the net photochemical ozone production is positive,about 2—3 ppb/h.which is very closed with the measurement at Lin’an.That means ozone production was con-trolled by photochemical reactions at Lin’an background station,because of the higher precursorconcentrations.The net destruction rate,at Waliguan Mt.,is not large,so that future increase inanthropogenic emission of reactive nitrogen will lead to larger production rates of steady-state O3concentration. | 罗超 汤洁 周秀骥 | 1996 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1996,10,2: | 4 |
| 13 | The Photochemical Study of HSA and BSA with Resonance Light Scattering and Fluorescence Spectra显示文摘The resonance light-scattering (RLS) of human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) is reported for the first time, and applied to study photochemical reaction of HSA and BSA. The fact of photocrosslinking self-association effect in HSA and BSA solutions is identified by the enhancement of RLS. The fluorescence quenching at about 350 um and 700 um proves that tryptophan (Trp) residues are one of the photochemical activity sites in HSA and BSA molecules. The Rayleigh scattering (RS) spectra of HSA and BSA that were neglected in fluorescence spectra before are found at about 296 um, 592 um and 888 um for the first time, and are of adventageous to studying the aggregation of HSA or BSA. The possible photochemical reaction mechanism is also proposed. | Liang, H Shen, XC Li, F Jiang, ZL | 2000 | Chinese Chemical Letters2000,11,3: | 4 |
| 14 | Simple experimental procedures to distinguish photothermal from hot-carrier processes in plasmonics显示文摘Light absorption and scattering of plasmonic metal nanoparticles can lead to non-equilibrium charge carriers,intense electromagnetic near-fields,and heat generation,with promising applications in a vast range of fields,from chemical and physical sensing to nanomedicine and photocatalysis for the sustainable production of fuels and chemicals.Disentangling the relative contribution of thermal and non-thermal contributions in plasmon-driven processes is,however,difficult.Nanoscale temperature measurements are technically challenging,and macroscale experiments are often characterized by collective heating effects,which tend to make the actual temperature increase unpredictable.This work is intended to help the reader experimentally detect and quantify photothermal effects in plasmon-driven chemical reactions,to discriminate their contribution from that due to photochemical processes and to cast a critical eye on the current literature.To this aim,we review,and in some cases propose,seven simple experimental procedures that do not require the use of complex or expensive thermal microscopy techniques.These proposed procedures are adaptable to a wide range of experiments and fields of research where photothermal effects need to be assessed,such as plasmonic-assisted chemistry,heterogeneous catalysis,photovoltaics,biosensing,and enhanced molecular spectroscopy. | Guillaume Baffou Ivan Bordacchini Andrea Baldi Romain Quidant | 2020 | Light(Science & Applications)2020,9,1: | 4 |
| 15 | Traffic emission and its impact on air quality in Guangzhou area显示文摘A comprehensive field measurement was set up in Guangzhou City of China and the key was placed on NO\-x and O\-3 pollution. The results indicated that the average driving speed of vehicle was only 14 km/h in downtown with high frequency of idle and acceleration. Upward fluxes of CO and NO were observed in Dongfeng Street. NO\-x annual mean concentration in urban area increased year by year, and NO\-x was identified as the most important pollutant since 1995. Photochemical smog pollution was serious in general, spatial and seasonal distribution of O\-3 was observed. O\-3 concentration was kept in a high level in autumn, and its formation was restrained in summer due to frequent thunderstorm and high humidity. The numerical simulation showed the average concentration and maximum concentration of O\-3 would increase 60%—100% if vehicular emission increased 100% in Guangzhou. | Zhang Yuan\|hang, Xie Shao\|dong, Zeng Li\|min, Wang Hui\|xiang Laboratory of Atmospheric Environmental Simulation, ESPC, Center of Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China Yu Kai\|heng, Zhu Chang\|jian, Pan Nan\|ming, Wang | 1999 | Journal of Environmental Sciences1999,11,3: | 3 |
| 16 | Hemoporfin-mediated photodynamic therapy on normal vasculature:implications for phototherapy of port-wine stain birthmarks显示文摘Background:Port-wine stain(PWS)birthmarks currently are treated using a pulsed dye laser(PDL)combined with transient cooling of the epidermis.PDL treatment protocols utilize short pulses of light(585 or 595 nm wavelength)to heat selectively the microvasculature due to absorption by intravascular hemoglobin.Although most patients respond to PDL therapy,few experience complete removal of the PWS.An alternate treatment option to PDL therapy of PWS is photodynamic therapy(PDT).Research groups have reported on various photosensitizers for PDT of PWS,including Hemoporfin,Benzoporphyrin Derivative monoacid ring A,and talaporfin sodium.Aim:Our aim was to evaluate,with an established preclinical in-vivo model,the efficacy of photodynamic therapy(PDT)with Hemoporfin to achieve persistent vascular shutdown.Methods:To monitor the microvasculature,a dorsal window chamber was surgically installed on 24 adult mice.The PDT excitation source emitted 150mW of 532nm light,with an irradiance of 100mW/cm^2.A retroorbital injection of Hemoporfin(2 mg/kg)was performed to deliver the drug into the bloodstream.Laser irradiation was initiated immediately after injection.To monitor blood-flow dynamics in response to PDT,we used laser speckle imaging.We employed a dose–response experimental design to study the efficacy of Hemoporfin-mediated PDT to achieve persistent vascular shutdown observed on Day 7 after PDT.Results:We observed four general hemodynamic responses to PDT:(1)At low radiant exposures,we did not observe any persistent vascular shutdown;(2)at intermediate radiant exposures,we observed delayed vascular shutdown effect with significant change to the vascular structure;(3)at intermediate radiant exposures,we observed an acute vascular shutdown effect with gradual restoration of blood flow and no significant changes to the vascular structure;and(4)at high radiant exposures,we observed acute vascular shutdown that persisted during the entire 7-day monitoring period,with no change in vascular structure.With light dose–response analysis,we estimated a characteristic radiant exposure of 359 J/cm^2 that was required to achieve persistent vascular shutdown observed on Day 7 after PDT. | Wesley JMoy Gang Ma Kristen MKelly Bernard Choi | 2016 | Journal of Clinical & Translational Research2016,2,3: | 3 |
| 17 | PHOTOREDUCTION OF IRON (Ⅲ)-1,10-PHENANTHROLINE IN SOLUTION显示文摘The solution of Fe3+-1,10-phenanthroline (hereafter referred to as 'Phen'),which contains at least one of 8-hydroxyquinoline, acetic acid, citric acid, and other organic acids or acetylacetone, can be photoreduced to Fe (Phen)22+. This phenomenon was usually neglected or simply considered as photochemical reduction of Fe | 颜科 沙德仁 谭明霞 | 1986 | Chinese Science Bulletin1986,31,14: | 3 |
| 18 | Emissions of non-methane hydrocarbons from cars in China显示文摘This study investigated the exhaust emission of non-methane hydrocarbons(NMHCs) from cars in China at the Beijing driving cycle on the chassis dynamometer.The emission factor average of NMHCs was 0.9 g/km,which was over twice that from the Australian car fleet and 2-4 times that of the American car emission in the 1990s-2000s.The emission profile of Beijing cars showed higher fractions of aromatics and C4?C7 HCs,and lower percentages of C2?C3 HCs,compared with those of the US car fleet.The average ratio of benzene/toluene for cars tested was 0.5,the average benzene/toluene/ethyl benzene/xylenes(BTEX) ratios were 1/2.2/0.1/1.8,which were consistent with those of the Tanyugou tunnel located in the suburb of Beijing.α-pinene and β-pinene were detected from the exhaust gas on dynamometer for the first time,and had likely similar exhaust emission characteristics with C2?C3 HCs and styrene,giving an evidence that air pinenes may be related to human activities.Isoprene was also detected directly.These observations suggest that the procedure regarding pinenes and isoprene as coming from biologic sources of VOCs in the atmosphere should be applied with great care,especially in the core of the big city like Beijing.The specific reactivity of NMHCs was higher than that of cars of US,and the specific reactivity of volatile aromatic compounds was higher than that of the US SPECIATE database. | DAI TianYou,WANG Wei,REN LiHong,CHEN JianHua & LIU HongJie Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Science,Beijing 100012,China | 2010 | Science China Chemistry2010,53,1: | 2 |
| 19 | Effects of gravity waves on the distributions of O_3 and OH in the mesopause region显示文摘A dynamical-photochemical model of atmospheric gravity waves is used to study the influences of gravity waves on distributions of atmospheric minor species through transportation and photochemical reactions. We mainly study the effect of gravity waves on the distributions of atmospheric trace gases through the nonlinear photochemical reactions. O3 and OH are taken as examples in this note. The calculations indicate that the effect of gravity waves on the distributions of atmospheric trace gases is mainly through the nonlinear photochemical reactions in the mesopause region. The contribution of the nonlinear photochemical reaction caused by gravity waves can exceed the nonlinear transportation and the eddy diffusion. | XU Jiyao & MA RuipingLaboratory for Space Weather, Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China Laboratory of Numeric Study of Heliospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001,46,15: | 2 |
| 20 | The Characteristics and Genesis of the Massive Nitrate Deposits in the Turpan-Hami Basin of Xinjiang,China显示文摘Massive nitrate deposits have been discovered in the Turpan-Hami basin in northwestern China.Previously,large ore grade nitrate minerals were thought only to exist in the Atacama Desert in northern Chile.Estimates of | GE Wensheng Greg MICHALSKI CAI Keqin WANG Fan LIU Yaran | 2014 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2014,88,S1: | 2 |