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| 1 | Sevoflurane postconditioning reduces myocardial reperfusion injury in rat isolated hearts via activation of PI3K/Akt signaling and modulation of Bcl-2 family proteins显示文摘Sevoflurane postconditioning reduces myocardial infarct size.The objective of this study was to examine the role of the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt pathway in anesthetic postconditioning and to determine whether PI3K/Akt signaling modulates the expression of pro-and antiapoptotic proteins in sevoflurane postconditioning.Isolated and perfused rat hearts were prepared first,and then randomly assigned to the following groups:Sham-operation(Sham),ischemia/reperfusion(Con),sevoflurane postconditioning(SPC),Sham plus 100 nmol/L wortmannin(Sham+Wort),Con+Wort,SPC+Wort,and Con+dimethylsulphoxide(DMSO).Sevoflurane postconditioning was induced by administration of sevoflurane(2.5%,v/v) for 10 min from the onset of reperfusion.Left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP),maximum increase in rate of LVDP(+dP/dt),maximum decrease in rate of LVDP(?dP/dt),heart rate(HR),and coronary flow(CF) were measured at baseline,R30 min(30 min of reperfusion),R60 min,R90 min,and R120 min.Creatine kinase(CK) and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were measured after 5 min and 10 min reperfusion.Infarct size was determined by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining at the end of reperfusion.Total Akt and phosphorylated Akt(phospho-Akt),Bax,Bcl-2,Bad,and phospho-Bad were determined by Western blot analysis.Analysis of variance(ANOVA) and Student-Newman-Keuls' test were used to investigate the significance of differences between groups.The LVDP,±dP/dt,and CF were higher and LVEDP was lower in the SPC group than in the Con group at all points of reperfusion(P<0.05).The SPC group had significantly reduced CK and LDH release and decreased infarct size compared with the Con group [(22.9±8)% vs.(42.4±9.4)%,respectively;P<0.05].The SPC group also had increased the expression of phospho-Akt,Bcl-2,and phospho-Bad,and decreased the expression of Bax.Wortmannin abolished the cardioprotection of sevoflurane postconditioning.Sevoflurane postconditioning may protect the isolated rat heart.Activation of PI3K and modulation of the expression of pro-and antiapoptotic proteins may play an important role in sevoflurane-induced myocardial protection. | Li-na YU Jing YU Feng-jiang ZHANG Mei-juan YANG Ting-ting DING Jun-kuan WANG Wei HE Tao FANG Gang CHEN Min YAN | 2010 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2010，11，9： | 36 |
| 2 | Effects of sevoflurane preconditioning and postconditioning on rat myocardial stunning in ischemic reperfusion injury显示文摘Ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning distinctly attenuate ventricular arrhythmia after ischemia without affecting the severity of myocardial stunning. Therefore,we report the effects of sevoflurane preconditioning and postconditioning on stunned myocardium in isolated rat hearts. Isolated rat hearts were underwent 20 min of global ischemia and 40 min of reperfusion. After an equilibration period (20 min),the hearts in the preconditioning group were exposed to sevoflurane for 5 min and next washout for 5 min before ischemia. Hearts in the sevoflurane postconditioning group underwent equilibration and ischemia,followed immediately by sevoflurane exposure for the first 5 min of reperfusion. The control group received no treatment before and after ischemia. Left ventricular pressure,heart rate,coronary flow,electrocardiogram,and tissue histology were measured as variables of ventricular function and cellular injury,respectively. There was no significant difference in the duration of reperfusion ventricular ar-rhythmias between control and sevoflurane preconditioning group (P=0.195). The duration of reperfusion ventricular arrhythmias in the sevoflurane postconditioning group was significantly shorter than that in the other two groups (P<0.05). ±(dP/dt)max in the sevoflurane preconditioning group at 5,10,15,20,and 30 min after reperfusion was sig-nificantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05),and there were no significant differences at 40 min after reperfusion among the three groups (P>0.05). As expected,for a 20-min general ischemia,infarct size in heart slices determined by 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining among the groups was not obvious. Sevoflurane postcon-ditioning reduces reperfusion arrhythmias without affecting the severity of myocardial stunning. In contrast,sevoflu-rane preconditioning has no beneficial effects on reperfusion arrhythmias,but it is in favor of improving ventricular function and recovering myocardial stunning. Sevoflurane preconditioning and postconditioning may be useful for correcting the stunned myocardium. | An-lu DAI Li-hua FAN Feng-jiang ZHANG Mei-juan YANG Jing YU Jun-kuan WANG Tao FANG Gang CHEN Li-na YU Min YAN | 2010 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2010，11，4： | 19 |
| 3 | Preconditioning and postconditioning reduce hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats显示文摘BACKGROUND:Ischemia-reperfusion injury occurs when ischemic tissues or organs suffer from further functional and structural damage when their blood supply recovers.This study aimed to contrast the protective effects of ischemic preconditioning and ischemic postconditioning in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.METHODS:Thirty-two healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham-operated(SO),ischemia-reperfusion(IR),ischemic preconditioning(I-pre),and ischemic postconditioning(I-post).Blood samples and hepatic tissue were taken from all groups after the experiments.RESULTS:There were significant differences between the IR,I-pre and I-post groups in alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase levels,NF-κB p65 expression,apoptosis index and superoxide dismutase activity in hepatic tissue.There were no significant differences between the I-pre and I-post groups.CONCLUSIONS:Ischemic postconditioning and ischemic preconditioning reduce hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury,but in clinical practice the former is a more appropriate choice. | Zhang, Wan-Xing Yin, Wen Zhang, Lei Wang, Lan-Hui Bao, Lei Tuo, Hong-Fang Zhou, Li-Fang Wang, Chun-Cheng | 2009 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2009，8，6： | 16 |
| 4 | Post-conditioning with gradually increased reperfusion provides better cardioprotection in rats显示文摘BACKGROUND: Rapid and complete reperfusion has been widely adopted in the treatment of patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI), but this process sometimes can cause severe reperfusion injury. This study aimed to investigate different patterns of post-conditioning in acute myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and to detect the role of mitogen activated protein kinase(MAPK) during the injury.METHODS: Rats were randomly divided into five groups: sham group, reperfusion injury(R/I) group, gradually decreased reperfusion group(GDR group, 30/10-25/15-15/25-10/30 seconds of reperfusion/ischemia), equal reperfusion group(ER group, 20/20 seconds reperfusion/ischemia, 4 cycles), and gradually increased reperfusion group(GIR group, 10/30-15/25-25/15-30/10 seconds of reperfusion/ischemia). Acute myocardial infarction and ischemic post-conditioning models were established in the rats. Six hours after reperfusion, 3 rats from each group were sacrificed and myocardial tissues were taken to measure the expressions of phosphorylation of extracellular signalregulated protein kinase(P-ERK), phosphorylated c-Jun N-terminal kinase(P-JNK), mitogen-activated protein kinase p38(p38 MAPK), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), caspases-8 in the myocardial tissue, and cytochrome c in the cytosol using Western blot. Hemodynamics was measured at 24 hours after reperfusion, the blood was drawn for the determination of cardiac enzymes, and the heart tissue was collected for the measurement of apoptosis using TUNEL. One-way analysis of variance and the Q test were employed to determine differences in individual variables between the 5 groups.RESULTS: Three post-conditioning patterns were found to provide cardioprotection(P<0.05) compared with R/I without postconditioning. GIR provided the best cardioprotection effect, followed by ER and then GDR. Apoptotic index and serum marker levels were reduced more signifi cantly in GIR than in ER(P<0.05). The enhanced cardioprotection provided by GIR was accompanied with significantly increased levels of P-ERK 1/2(1.82±0.22 vs. 1.54±0.32, P<0.05), and lower levels of p-JNK, p38 MAPK, TNF-α, caspase-8, caspase-9 and cytochrome in the cytoplasm(P<0.05), compared with ER. The infarct size was smaller in the GIR group than in the ER group, but this difference was not significant(16.30%±5.22% vs. 20.57%±6.32%, P<0.05). All the measured variables were improved more signifi cantly in the GIR group than in the GDR group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Gradually increased reperfusion in post-conditioning could attenuate reperfusion injury more significantly than routine method, thereby the MAPK pathway plays an important role in this process. | Guo-ming Zhang Yu Wang Tian-de Li Xiao-yan Li Shao-ping Su Yuan-yuan Sun Xiu-hua Liu | 2014 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2014，5，2： | 6 |
| 5 | 缺血后适应对兔心肌急性缺血-再灌注损伤的影响显示文摘目的:研究缺血后适应对兔在体心肌急性缺血-再灌注损伤的影响。方法36只新西兰大白兔随机(随机数字法)分为三组:对照组(缺血-再灌注组)、缺血后适应组( IPostC组)和假手术组。建模方法为结扎左前降支。实验中全程心电监护,再灌注前后应用ELISA法测定血清肌钙蛋白浓度。再灌注结束后测定各组心肌梗死面积,并应用电镜行组织形态学观察,同时行Western Blot检测心肌Bad蛋白表达。结果①再灌注120 min时对照组和IPostC组ST段下降50%的比例分别为67%和83%,但组间差异无统计学意义( P>0.05)。对照组心律失常评分明显高于IPostC组[(2.5±1.0)分vs(1.4±1.0)分,P<0.05]。②再灌注120 min时对照组血清cTnI浓度明显高于IPostC组[(6.63±2.32)ng/mL vs (3.04±1.10)ng/mL,P<0.05]。③对照组心肌梗死面积较IPostC组增加54%( P<0.05)。④电镜发现对照组心肌细胞超微结构凋亡特征比IPostC组明显,同时其心肌Bad蛋白表达也明显高于IPostC组(0.69±0.05 vs 0.26±0.06,P<0.05)。结论缺血后适应能明显减少心肌缺血-再灌注损伤。 | 薛枫 杨向军 韩莲花 李勋 蒋廷波 蒋文平 | 2014 | 中国急救医学2014，34，4： | 4 |
| 6 | Remote ischemic postconditioning protects against gastric mucosal lesions in rats显示文摘AIM:To investigate the protective effects of remote ischemic postconditioning(RIP)against limb ischemiareperfusion(IR)-induced gastric mucosal injury.METHODS:Gastric IR was established in male Wistar rats by placing an elastic rubber band under a pressure of 290-310 mmHg on the proximal part of both lower limbs for 3 h followed by reperfusion for 0,1,3,6,12or 24 h.RIP was performed using three cycles of 30 s of reperfusion and 30 s of reocclusion of the femoral aortic immediately after IR and before reperfusion for up to 24 h.Rats were randomly assigned to receive IR(n=36),IR followed by RIP(n=36),or sham treatment(n=36).Gastric tissue samples were collected from six animals in each group at each timepoint and processed to determine levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),xanthine oxidase(XOD)and myeloperoxidase(MPO).Additional samples were processed for histologic analysis by hematoxylin and eosin staining.Blood samples were similarly collected to determine serum levels of lactate dehydrogenase(LDH),creatine kinase(CK),tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αand interleukin(IL)-10.RESULTS:The pathologic changes in gastric tissue induced by IR were observed by light microscopy.Administration of RIP dramatically reduced the gastric damage score after 6 h of reperfusion(5.85±0.22 vs7.72±0.43;P<0.01).In addition,RIP treatment decreased the serum activities of LDH(3.31±0.32 vs 6.46±0.03;P<0.01),CK(1.94±0.20 vs 4.54±0.19;P<0.01)and the concentration of TNF-α(53.82±0.85vs 88.50±3.08;P<0.01),and elevated the concentration of IL-10(101.46±5.08 vs 99.77±4.32;P<0.01)induced by IR at 6 h.Furthermore,RIP treatment prevented the marked elevation in MDA(3.79±0.29vs 6.39±0.81)content,XOD(7.81±0.75 vs 10.37±2.47)and MPO(0.47±0.05 vs 0.82±0.03)activities,and decrease in SOD(4.95±0.32 vs 3.41±0.38;P<0.01)activity in the gastric tissue as measured at 6 h.CONCLUSION:RIP provides effective functional protection and prevents cell injury to gastric tissue induced by limb IR via anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions. | Tao Wang Ye-Ting Zhou Xin-Nian Chen An-Xiang Zhu Bo-Hua Wu | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，28： | 2 |
| 7 | Optimized postconditioning algorithm protects liver graft after liver transplantation in rats显示文摘Background: Ischemia reperfusion injury(IRI) causes postoperative complications and influences the outcome of the patients undergoing liver surgery and transplantation. Postconditioning(Post C) is a known manual conditioning to decrease the hepatic IRI. Here we aimed to optimize the applicable Post C protocols and investigate the potential protective mechanism.Methods: Thirty Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: the sham group(n = 5),standard orthotopic liver transplantation group(OLT, n = 5), Post C group(OLT followed by clamping and re-opening the portal vein for different time intervals, n = 20). Post C group was then subdivided into 4 groups according to the different time intervals:(10 s × 3, 10 s × 6, 30 s × 3, 60 s × 3, n = 5 in each subgroup). Liver function, histopathology, malondialdehyde(MDA), myeloperoxidase(MPO), expressions of p-Akt and endoplasmic reticulum stress(ERS) related genes were evaluated.Results: Compared to the OLT group, the grafts subjected to Post C algorithm(without significant prolonging the total ischemic time) especially with short stimulus and more cycles(10 s × 6) showed significant alleviation of morphological damage and graft function. Besides, the production of reactive oxidative agents(MDA) and neutrophil infiltration(MPO) were significantly depressed by Post C algorithm. Most of ERS related genes were down-regulated by Post C(10 s × 6), especially ATF4, Casp12, hspa4, ATF6 and ELF2, while p-Akt was up-regulated.Conclusions: Post C algorithm, especially 10 s × 6 algorithm, showed to be effective against rat liver graft IRI. These protective effects may be associated with its antioxidant, inhibition of ERS and activation of p-Akt expression of reperfusion injury salvage kinase pathway. | Jian-Hui Li Jun-Jun Jia Wen Shen Sha-Sha Chen Li Jiang Hai-Yang Xie Lin Zhou Shu-Sen Zheng | 2018 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2018，17，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Effect of Minocycline Postconditioning and Ischemic Postconditioning on Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Atherosclerosis Rabbits显示文摘This study examined the protective effect of ischemic postconditioning(IPoC) and minocycline postconditioning(MT) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) injury in atherosclerosis(AS) animals and the possible mechanism.Forty male healthy rabbits were injected with bovine serum albumin following feeding on a high fat diet for 6 weeks to establish AS model.AS rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups:(1) I/R group,the rabbits were subjected to myocardial ischemia for 35 min and then reperfusion for 12 h;(2) IPoC group,the myocardial ischemia lasted for 35 min,and then reperfusion for 20 s and ischemia for 20 s [a total of 3 cycles(R20s/I20s×3)],and then reperfusion was sustained for 12 h;(3) MT group,minocycline was intravenously injected 10 min before reperfusion.The blood lipids,malondialdehyde(MDA),superoxide dismutase(SOD),soluble cell adhesion molecule(sICAM),myeloperoxidase(MPO),and cardiac troponin T(cTnT) were biochemically determined.The myocardial infarction size(IS) and apoptosis index(AI) were measured by pathological examination.The expression of bcl-2 and caspase-3 was detected in the myocardial tissue by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).The results showed that the AS models were successfully established.The myocardial IS,the plasma levels of MDA,sICAM,MPO and cTnT,and the enzymatic activity of MPO were significantly decreased,and the plasma SOD activity was significantly increased in IPoC group and MT group as compared with I/R group(P<0.05 for all).The myocardial AI and the caspase-3 mRNA expression were lower and the bcl-2 mRNA expression was higher in IPoC and MT groups than those in I/R group(all P<0.05).It is concluded that the IPoC and MT can effectively reduce the I/R injury in the AS rabbits,and the mechanisms involved anti-oxidation,anti-inflammation,up-regulation of bcl-2 expression and down-regulation of caspase-3 expression.Minocycline can be used as an effective pharmacologic postconditioning drug to protect myocardia from I/R injury. | 黄从刚 李睿 曾秋棠 丁艳萍 邹永光 毛晓波 胡威 熊蓉 黎明 | 2012 | Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences)2012，32，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Sevoflurane preconditioning and postconditioning attenuate apoptosis induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rat lung显示文摘Objective To investigate the effect of sevoflurane preconditioning and postconditioning on lung ischemia-reperfusion(IR) injury and apoptosis in rat.Methods Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups:sham group(n =6):no ischaemia-reperfusion;IR group(n =6):left lung ischemia was achieved by clamping the hilum for 90 min,followed by 120 min reperfusion;sev+pre group(n =6):1 minimum alveolar concentration(MAC) sevoflurane was admi-nistered for 30 min prior to ischemia;sev+post group(n =6):ischemia was followed by 1 MAC sevoflurane postconditioning at the first 30 min reperfusion.PaO2 was measured after reperfusion.The number of apoptotic cells was estimated using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling(TUNEL) technique.Results After ischemia-reperfusion,a significant deterioration of PaO2 was noticed and the number of apoptotic cells remarkably increased compared with that of sham group.In sev+pre group and sev+post group,PaO2 was(85.7±14.4) mmHg and(88.6±12.5) mmHg respectively,which was apparently increased compared with that in IR group [(63.9±11.3) mmHg,P <0.05].The number of apoptotic cells in sev+pre group [(6.94 ± 1.49)%] and sev+post group [(7.69 ± 1.61)%] was significantly lower than that in IR group [(12.12 ± 2.77)%,P <0.05].But all parameters showed no significant difference between sev+pre group and sev+post group.Conclusions Both sevoflurane preconditioning and postconditioning could prevent lung ischemia-reperfusion injury and attenuate apoptosis in rat. | Qing Li Su-pin Zhang Timo Rinne Yong-hao Yu Guo-lin Wang | 2011 | 中国现代医学杂志2011，21，6： | 0 |
| 10 | Roles of berbamine in the normal and ischemia/reperfusion hearts显示文摘Myocardial infarction resulting from coronary atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in modern soci- ety. Reperfusion is an essential treatment to salvage ischemia myocardium from necrosis, while it also leads to addi- tional damage. Therefore, exploring effective medicines to protect the heart from post-ischemic injury is one of the major objectives of cardiovascular research. Berbamine is a nature compound of bisbenzylisochinoline alkaloids from Barberry. We found that it displays positive inotropic and lusitropic effects at lower concentrations by increasing myofilament Ca2+ sensitivity via a PKCe-dependent signaling pathway. Moreover, berbamine preconditioning con- fers cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury by attenuating the Ca2+ overloading and preventing the calpain activation through the activating of PI3K-Akt-GSK3β pathway and subsequently opening of the mitoKATP channel. Furthermore, we demonstrate that berbamine postconditioning conferred the cardioprotective effect against I/R injury by the regulation of autophagy. These findings reveal new roles and mechanisms of berbamine in the heart and cardioprotection against I/R injury. | | 2015 | 中国药理学通报2015，31，B11： | 0 |
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