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| 1 | Review on mechanism and process of surface polishing using lasers显示文摘Laser polishing is a technology of smoothening the surface of various materials with highly intense laser beams. When these beams impact on the material surface to be polished, the surface starts to be melted due to the high temperature. The melted material is then relocated from the ‘peaks to valleys’ under the multidirectional action of surface tension. By varying the process parameters such as beam intensity, energy density, spot diameter, and feed rate, different rates of surface roughness can be achieved. High precision polishing of surfaces can be done using laser process. Currently, laser polishing has extended its applications from photonics to molds as well as bio-medical sectors. Conventional polishing techniques have many drawbacks such as less capability of polishing freeform surfaces, environmental pollution, long processing time, and health hazards for the operators. Laser polishing on the other hand eliminates all the mentioned drawbacks and comes as a promising technology that can be relied for smoothening of initial topography of the surfaces irrespective of the complexity of the surface. Majority of the researchers performed laser polishing on materials such as steel, titanium, and its alloys because of its low cost and reliability. This article gives a detailed overview of the laser polishing mechanism by explaining various process parameters briefly to get a better understanding about the entire polishing process. The advantages and applications are also explained clearly to have a good knowledge about the importance of laser polishing in the future. | Arun KRISHNAN Fengzhou FANG | 2019 | Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering2019，14，3： | 15 |
| 2 | Multi-objective optimization of process parametersduring low-pressure die casting of AZ91Dmagnesium alloy wheel castings显示文摘Multi-objective optimization has been increasingly applied in engineering where optimal decisions need to be made in the presence of trade-offs between two or more objectives. Minimizing the volume of shrinkage porosity, while reducing the secondary dendritic arm spacing of a wheel casting during low-pressure die casting(LPDC) process, was taken as an example of such problem. A commercial simulation software Pro CASTTM was applied to simulate the filling and solidification processes. Additionally, a program for integrating the optimization algorithm with numerical simulation was developed based on SiPESC. By setting pouring temperature and filling pressure as design variables, shrinkage porosity and secondary dendritic arm spacing as objective variables, the multi-objective optimization of minimum volume of shrinkage porosity and secondary dendritic arm spacing was achieved. The optimal combination of AZ91 D wheel casting was: pouring temperature 689 °C and filling pressure 6.5 kPa. The predicted values decreased from 4.1% to 2.1% for shrinkage porosity, and 88.5 μm to 81.2 μm for the secondary dendritic arm spacing. The optimal results proved the feasibility of the developed program in multi-objective optimization. | Chen Zhang Yu Fu Han Wang Hai Hao | 2018 | China Foundry2018，15，5： | 8 |
| 3 | Application of defin让ive screening design to quantify the effects of process parameters on key granule characteristics and optimize operating parameters in pulsed-spray fluid-bed granulation显示文摘The pulsed-spray fluid-bed granulation (PSFBG) process was investigated and optimized using definitive scree ning design, a recently proposed new class of three-level desig n of experiment method. Such a design enabled quadratic models to be established that described the effect of six in put process parameters - inlet air temperature, inlet air humidity, binder spray rate, atomization pressure, pulse period, and pulse width - on the granule quality in a PSFBG process. Mathematical models of the mean particle size, relative size distribution width, production yield, and porosity were developed to quantify the relationships between the in flue ncing factors and critical quality attributes. On the basis of con strai nts on the desired granule properties, a design space for PSFBG was determined and ranges of the operating parameters were defined. An acceptable degree of prediction was confirmed by validation experiments, demonstrating the reliability and effectiveness of using definitive screening design to study the PSFBG process. This method can accelerate screening and optimization of this process within a large multidimensional design space. | Jie Zhao Wenlong Li Haibin Qu Geng Tian Yanding Wei | 2019 | Particuology2019，17，2： | 6 |
| 4 | Research Progress in Catalytic Cracking Reaction of Tetralin and Decalin显示文摘The integrated catalytic hydrogenation and catalytic cracking process has been gradually adopted by refineries to satisfy the requirements for manufacture of light and clean petroleum products. To explore the reaction laws of hydrogenated aromatics in hydrotreated oil, the catalytic cracking reaction laws of hydrogenated aromatics have been reviewed by taking tetralin and decalin as examples of different degrees of hydrogenated aromatics. Moreover, the reaction mechanism of tetralin and decalin has been analyzed emphatically. The effects of zeolite pore structure, acid properties and process parameters on reaction laws have been analyzed carefully. It is considered that the catalytic cracking performance of hydrogenated aromatics with different hydrogen saturation degrees is quite different. It is necessary to control the hydrogenation depth, optimize the hydrocarbon composition of catalytic cracking feed materials for maximizing the yield of target products. | Li Xiao Xie Chaogang Wei Xiaoli | 2017 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2017，19，4： | 5 |
| 5 | Evaluation of spontaneous combustion tendency of sulfide ore heap based on nonlinear parameters显示文摘To explore a new evaluation method for spontaneous combustion tendency of different areas in sulfide ore heap, ore samples from a pyrite mine in China were taken as experimental materials, and the temperature variations of the measuring points of simulated ore heap were measured. Combined with wavelet transform and nonlinear parameters extraction, a new method for spontaneous combustion tendency of different areas in sulfide ore heap based on nonlinear parameters was proposed and its reliability was verified by field test. The results indicate that temperature field evolution of the simulated ore heap presents significant spatial difference during self-heating process. Area with the maximum increasing extent of temperature in sulfide ore heap changes notably with the proceeding of self-heating reaction. Self-heating of sulfide ore heap is a chaotic evolution process, which means that it is feasible to evaluate spontaneous combustion tendency of different areas by nonlinear analysis method. There is a relatively strong correlation between the maximum Lyapunov exponent and spontaneous combustion tendency with the correlation coefficient of 0.9792. Furthermore, the sort of the maximum Lyapunov exponent is consistent with that of spontaneous combustion tendency. Therefore, spontaneous combustion tendency of different areas in sulfide ore heap can be evaluated by means of the maximum Lyapunov exponent method. | 潘伟 吴超 李孜军 伍智伟 杨月平 | 2017 | Journal of Central South University2017，24，10： | 4 |
| 6 | Catalytic Performance of MFI/MFI Core-Shell Zeolites in Benzene Methylation显示文摘Thanks to its 10-membered-ring structure with a three-dimensional uniform pore system and acid distribution, ZSM-5 zeolite is a key catalytic material for benzene methylation with methanol. After epitaxial inter-growth of a dense layer of shell consisting of nano-particles on the conventional ZSM-5 crystal surface, the MFI/MFI core-shell zeolite not only has much more active surface area, but also can enrich the diffusion and reaction pore system at the same time, which can significantly improve its catalytic performance. In contrast to the performance of conventional ZSM-5 catalyst, an indepth investigation on the reaction parameters of benzene methylation over the core-shell structured zeolite is of great significance. | Zhang Baozhong Liu Xiaopeng | 2014 | China Petroleum Processing & Petrochemical Technology2014，16，4： | 4 |
| 7 | Synthetically quantitative evaluation function of characteristic parameters on CO_2 arc welding process显示文摘The statistical probability and their variation regularity of the measurable characteristic parameters in the CO 2 arc welding droplet short circuiting transfer process have been studied. The statistical analysis shows that the sensitivity of each characteristic parameter with regard to the variation of the short circuiting transfer process is different. The sensitivity of 4 kinds among these characteristic parameters is more intense than that of the short circuiting transfer frequency. In order to take account of the synthetic influence of these characteristic parameters, by means of the characteristic parameters synthetic value, a quantitative evaluation function is built up to describe and evaluate the short circuiting transfer process of CO 2 arc welding in real time. The testing shows that the evaluation function can give a suitable synthetic valuation for the short circuiting transfer process with a variety of welding variables. | 俞建荣 蒋力培 史耀武 孙振国 王军波 | 2001 | China Welding2001，10，1： | 4 |
| 8 | Optimization of Processing Parameters of Power Spinning for Bushing Based on Neural Network and Genetic Algorithms显示文摘A neural network model of key process parameters and forming quality is developed based on training samples which are obtained from the orthogonal experiment and the finite element numerical simulation. Optimization of the process parameters is conducted using the genetic algorithm (GA). The experimental results have shown that a surface model of the neural network can describe the nonlinear implicit relationship between the parameters of the power spinning process:the wall margin and amount of expansion. It has been found that the process of determining spinning technological parameters can be accelerated using the optimization method developed based on the BP neural network and the genetic algorithm used for the process parameters of power spinning formation. It is undoubtedly beneficial towards engineering applications. | Junsheng Zhao Yuantong Gu Zhigang Feng | 2019 | Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology2019，28，3： | 3 |
| 9 | A Numerical Study of Densification Behavior of Silicon Carbide Matrix Composites in Isothermal Chemical Vapor Infiltration显示文摘We studied the characteristics of two-scale pore structure of preform in the deposition process and the mass transfer of reactant gas in dual-scale pores, and observed the physiochemical phenomenon associated with the reaction. Thereby, we established mathematical models on two scales, respectively, preform and reactor. These models were used for the numerical simulation of the process of ceramic matrix composites densified by isothermal chemical vapor infiltration(ICVI). The models were used to carry out a systematic study on the influence of process conditions and the preform structure on the densification behaviors. The most important findings of our study are that the processing time could be reduced by about 50% without compromising the quality of the material, if the processing temperature is 950-1 000 ℃ for the first 70 hours and then raised to 1 100 ℃. | 关康 WU Jianqing CHENG Laifei | 2018 | Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science)2018，33，6： | 2 |
| 10 | Metal flow and die wear in semi-solid forging of steel using coated dies显示文摘Thixoforging of steels is a potential forming technology,which aims at producing near-net-shaped components with good quality from high strength steels in one forging step.The thixoforging process parameters such as billet temperature,temperature distribution after reheating,argon gas pressure,transportation time and forging load were investigated on the thixoforging of non axis-symmetric parts of steel grade X210CrW12.The experimental and numerical study of the material flow and tool temperature load reveal the areas of intensive tool wear,thus being useful for further tool design.Hardened hot working steel X38CrMoV5-1 as a tool bulk material with protecting thin films of TiAlN/γ-Al2O3 shows good experimental results at 170 forging cycles. | L.KHIZHNYAKOVA M.EWERING G.HIRT K.BOBZIN N.BAGCIVAN | 2010 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版2010，20，S3： | 2 |
| 11 | Numerical Investigation of Transient Temperature Distribution during Ti-6Al-4V Selective Laser Melting显示文摘The transient temperature field in the powder bed has a crucial effect on the quality of parts fabricated using Selective Laser Melting(SLM). In this study, a finite element model is established regarding the variance of temperature-dependent thermal properties and transformation latent heat. The temperature distribution and melt pool dimensions of a laser scan track were obtained by varying multiple parameters(layer thickness, laser power and scan speed). The effects of transition of material state and heat source model are also analyzed in this paper. The finite element simulation results show that an increased laser power and/or decreased scan speed results in an elevated maximum temperature of the powder layer and a larger melt pool size. Furthermore, it is found that the maximum temperature is significantly lowered due to the heat diffusion into the previous sintered zone. The heat source model has to be selected properly according to the element size. | XING Xiaodong ZHOU Qiuyu WANG Shiyuan WANG Liquan JIANG Fengchun | 2019 | Journal of Thermal Science2019，28，2： | 2 |
| 12 | Performance characterization of Bi_2O_3/Al nanoenergetics blasted micro-forming system显示文摘This paper reports a novel micro-blast driven manufacturing process for micro-forming of Aluminum foils. The micro-blast is realized by using a nanoenergetic material system comprising of Bi_2O_3 microrods and aluminum particles. There is an enhanced need of forming of thin aluminum foil structures in small regions from point of view of drug packaging etc. The process developed caters to this need by using a single shot forming process using a micro-blast source. The micro-blast that is generated from an energetic composite system is made highly tunable by modulating the peak pressure generated through the blasting process and their impact in micro-forming of thin aluminum foils is observed through parametric studies. The engineering challenge involved in these experiments is to tune the blast pressure properties in order to address the forming of thin metal sheets with limiting boundary values as defined by the failure criteria. A variety of characterization techniques related to a thorough analysis of the synthesized material viz. X-ray diffraction(XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy(SEM) etc, are used to tune the functional properties like gauge blast pressure etc, of material system. We have found a material system that can generate a maximum peak pressure of 73.8 MPa with pressurization rate of 2460 GPas^(-1) and that is able to accomplish micro-forming on thin metal foils(around 0.3 mm thickness). Experimental investigations demonstrate that tunabilty aspect of the energetic composites when exercised can enable variant processes such as embossing, coining, drilling etc. which may be of significant utility to drug packaging industries. A proper mathematical modeling of the forming process and critical process parameters therein have also been detailed. | Vinay Kumar Patel Rishi Kant Anu choudhary Madhusudan Painuly Shantanu Bhattacharya | 2019 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2019，15，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Chemometric identification of canonical metabolites linking critical process parameters to monoclonal antibody production during bioprocess development显示文摘A deeper understanding of the biological events occurring when bioprocess parameters changed will be of great value in improving the monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) production. Design of experiment (DoE) was applied to investigate the effect of process parameters (pH, temperature shift and dissolve oxygen (DO)) on protein titer. The key metabolites connecting the critical process parameters (CPPs) with monoclonal antibody production were identified by different chemometrics tools. Finally, the biological events of marker metabolites relating with titer improvement were concluded. pH and temperature shift were identified as CPPs that affect the target protein titer. A series of metabolites influenced by the altered CPPs and correlated with protein titer were screened by principal component analysis (PCA) and Pearson' correlation test. The marker metabolites and their pathways linking CPPs to target protein titer in different culture phases were summarized. Metabolomics and chemometrics are promising data-driven tools to shine light into the biological black box between the bioprocess parameters and process performance. | Lijuan Shen Xu Yan Lei Nie Wenyan Xu Shiwei Miao Haibin Wang H.Fai Poon Haibin Qu | 2019 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2019，27，5： | 1 |
| 14 | Induction reheating of A356.2 aluminum alloy and thixocasting as automobile component显示文摘The development work for producing an automobile component by thixocasting using A356.2 alloy was introduced.As the first step,the alloy was electromagnetically stirred and solidified to produce a billet with non-dendritic microstructure.The microstructure depended on several process parameters such as stirring intensity,stirring frequency,cooling rate,and melt initial superheat.Through a series of computational studies and controlled experiments,a set of process parameters were identified to produce the best microstructures.Reheating of a billet with non-dendritic microstructure to a semisolid temperature was the next step for thixo-casting of the components.The reheating process was characterized for various reheating cycles using a vertical-type reheating machine.The induction heating cycle was optimized to obtain a near-uniform temperature distribution in radial as well as axial direction of the billet,and the heating was continued until the liquid fraction reached about 50%.These parameters were determined with the help of a computational fluid dynamics(CFD) model of die filling and solidification of the semisolid alloy.The heated billets were subsequently thixo-cast into automobile components using a real-time controlled die casting machine.The results show that the castings are near net shape,free from porosity,good surface finish and have superior mechanical properties compared to those produced by conventional die casting processes using the same alloy. | H.LAKSHMI M.C.VINAY KUMAR RAGHUNATH P.KUMAR V.RAMANARAYANAN K.S.S.MURTHY P.DUTTA | 2010 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版2010，20，S3： | 1 |
| 15 | High-quality manufacturing method ofcomplicated castings based on multi-materialhybrid moulding process显示文摘A multi-material hybrid patternless moulding process for complicated castings has been proposed. Moulding sands used in the hybrid moulding process include silica sand, ceramic sand, chromite sand, zircon sand, and steel shot sand. Experimental method was used to study the effects of moulding sands on the temperature field, mechanical properties, and dimensional precision of the iron castings. Under the condition that the wall thickness on different sides of the casting is the same, when the wall thickness is greater than 10 mm, the heat storage capacity of the moulding sands from strong to weak is steel shot sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, ceramic foundry sand, and silica sand. Tensile strength of the obtained castings from high to low is zircon sand, chromite sand, steel shot sand, ceramic sand, and silica sand. Contraction rate of the obtained castings from high to low is steel shot sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, silica sand, and ceramic sand. Therefore, steel shot sand and zircon sand can be used as chilled sand, and even can be used instead of cold iron when the casting wall thickness is greater than 10 mm. Zircon sand and chromite sand can be used to obtain high mechanical properties, and silica sand and ceramic sand can be selected to obtain high dimensional precision of the castings. Finally, a typical iron casting piece was tested by experiment using the hybrid moulding process. Excellent performances of iron castings confirm the feasibility of the hybrid moulding process. | Li-min Liu Zhong-de Shan Feng Liu Dun Lan | 2018 | China Foundry2018，15，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Effect of varying spatial orientations on build time requirements for FDM process: A case study显示文摘In this research, effect of varying spatial orientations on the build time requirements for fused deposition modelling process is studied. Constructive solid geometry cylindrical primitive is taken as work piece and modeling is accomplished for it. Response surface methodology is used to design the experiments and obtain statistical models for build time requirements corresponding to different orientations of the given primitive in modeller build volume. Contour width, air gap, slice height, raster width, raster angle and angle of orientation are treated as process parameters. Percentage contribution of individual process parameter is found to change for build time corresponding to different spatial orientations. Also, the average of build time requirement changes with spatial orientation. This paper attempts to clearly discuss and describe the observations with an aim to develop a clear understanding of effect of spatial variations on the build time for Fused Deposition Modelling process. This work is an integral part of process layout optimization and these results can effectively aid designers specially while tackling nesting issues. | Sandeep Rathee Manu Srivastava Sachin Maheshwari Arshad Noor Siddiquee | 2017 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2017，13，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Prediction of Tensile Properties and Optimization of Electromagnetic Casting Process Parameters in ZL114A Alloys Using Artificial Neural Network and Orthogonal显示文摘Aluminum alloys'properties are sensitive to the electromagnetic casting process parameters very much,which have nonlinear interactive relationship with electromagnetic casting process parameters.In this study,a model was developed for the prediction of the correlation between electromagnetic casting process parameters and tensile properties in aluminum alloys using artificial neural network(ANN).The inputs of the neural network were electromagnetic casting process parameters.including electric field,magnetic field and pouring temperature.The outputs of the model were the tensile properties.including ultimate strength and elongation.The optimal results achieved from the integrated ANN and orthogonal were tested by using experimental results.Consequently,it can be suggested that the combined approach of ANN and orthogonal provides a novel way with respect to the optimization of processing parameters in the field of materials scienc. | GUO Zhi-hong QU Shu-wei | 2012 | Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International)2012，19，S2： | 0 |
| 18 | SELECTION OF THE PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR BATH AUTOGENOUS SMELTING OF COPPER显示文摘The process parameters for bath autogenous smelting of copper were selected based on dynamic analysis of the experimental data and calculation of the mathematical model. Selecting the slag composition of SiO2/Fe=0.80 and CaO%=16. desulphur ratio less than 80 wt.-% in system. and the copper content of matte less than 60 wt.-%, it is able to limit Fe3O4 formation and obtain a high desulphurization. The critical oxygen content of the blast increased with decrease of the sulphur content of the concentrate and increase of copper contents of the matte. If the copper contents of the concentrate are respectively of 30 and 35 wt.-%, the critical oxygen contents of the blast will be 48 and 69 wt.-% respectively. The smelling rate increases linearly with the blast intensity. When the sulphur content of the concentrate is 30 wt.-%, the oxygen content of the blast 70 vol.-% and the copper content of the matte 60 wt.-%, a blast intensityy of 700 Nm3/m2·h results in a smeling rate of 48.81 t/m2·d. | Guo, Xianjian Beijing General Research lnstitute for Nonferrous Metals, Beijing 100088, China | 1993 | 中国有色金属学会会刊:英文版1993，3，1： | 0 |
| 19 | Empirical Study of Classification Process for Two-stage Turbo Air Classifier in Series显示文摘The suitable process parameters for a two-stage turbo air classifier are important for obtaining the ultrafine powder that has a narrow particle-size distribution, however little has been published internationally on the classification process for the two-stage turbo air classifier in series. The influence of the process parameters of a two-stage turbo air classifier in series on classification performance is empirically studied by using aluminum oxide powders as the experimental material. The experimental results show the following: 1) When the rotor cage rotary speed of the first-stage classifier is increased from 2 300 r/min to 2 500 r/min with a constant rotor cage rotary speed of the second-stage classifier, classification precision is increased from 0.64 to 0.67. However, in this case, the final ultrafine powder yield is decreased from 79% to 74%, which means the classification precision and the final ultrafine powder yield can be regulated through adjusting the rotor cage rotary speed of the first-stage classifier. 2) When the rotor cage rotary speed of the second-stage classifier is increased from 2 500 r/min to 3 100 r/min with a constant rotor cage rotary speed of the first-stage classifier, the cut size is decreased from 13.16 μm to 8.76 μm, which means the cut size of the ultrafine powder can be regulated through adjusting the rotor cage rotary speed of the second-stage classifier. 3) When the feeding speed is increased from 35 kg/h to 50 kg/h, the 'fish-hook' effect is strengthened, which makes the ultrafine powder yield decrease. 4) To weaken the 'fish-hook' effect, the equalization of the two-stage wind speeds or the combination of a high first-stage wind speed with a low second-stage wind speed should be selected. This empirical study provides a criterion of process parameter configurations for a two-stage or multi-stage classifier in series, which offers a theoretical basis for practical production. | YU Yuan LIU Jiaxiang LI Gang | 2013 | Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering2013，26，3： | 0 |
| 20 | Calculation of thermodynamic parameters of relaxation process using a microwave attenuation method显示文摘THE method of determination of thermodynamic parameters of relaxation process——relax-ation time τ,enthalphy ΔH,entropy ΔS and free energy δF——has been established anddeveloped.The mathematical models of the real and imaginary parts of dielectric con-stants ε’(ω,t),ε’’(ω,t)which are expressed by τ,ΔH,ΔS and ΔF are first established. | Wang, XB Chen, XG Hu, ZD | 1997 | Chinese Science Bulletin1997，42，9： | 0 |
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